--- id: lora title: LoRa Configuration slug: /settings/config/lora sidebar_label: LoRa --- import Tabs from "@theme/Tabs"; import TabItem from "@theme/TabItem"; import LoRaRegions from "../../blocks/_lora-regions.mdx"; The LoRa config options are: Region, Modem Preset, Max Hops, Transmit Power, Bandwidth, Spread Factor, Coding Rate, Frequency Offset, Transmit Enabled, Channel Number and Ignore Incoming Array. LoRa config uses an admin message sending a `Config.LoRa` protobuf. :::note In order to communicate fully, devices within a mesh must have identical settings for Region and Modem Preset, or identical custom Modem settings. ::: ## LoRa Config Values :::note You must set your device's `lora.region` setting. This will ensure that you are operating within the legal limits for your area. ::: ### Region Sets the region for your node. Default is `unset`. As long as this is not set, the node screen will display a message and not transmit any packets. ### Modem Preset Default is `unset` which equates to `LONG_FAST`. Presets are pre-defined modem settings (Bandwidth, Spread Factor, and Coding Rate) which influence both message speed and range. The default will provide a strong mixture of speed and range, for most users. The presets are designed to provide further options for optimizing either speed (and reduced network congestion) or range, which can be useful for two real world scenarios: 1. A high number of devices exist in the mesh, or messages are sent very frequently. Faster speeds (and therefore lower radio time per device) can help with mesh network congestion. 2. Maximum range is desired, for long range scenarios where a several second delay in message receipt is acceptable (for instance, attempting to send messages from a town to a distant mountain top). The Presets available are as follows, and follow a linear pattern of Fastest <--> Slowest, and Shortest <--> Longest range: 1. `SHORT_FAST` (Fastest, highest bandwidth, lowest airtime, shortest range) 2. `SHORT_SLOW` 3. `MEDIUM_FAST` 4. `MEDIUM_SLOW` 5. `LONG_FAST` (Default) 6. `LONG_MODERATE` 7. `LONG_SLOW` 8. `VERY_LONG_SLOW` (Slowest, lowest bandwidth, highest airtime, longest range) ### Max Hops Maximum number of hops. This can't be greater than 7. Default is 3 which should be fine for most applications. _**Really, 3 is fine.**_ ### Transmit Power If zero then, use default max legal continuous power (i.e. something that won't burn out the radio hardware) In most cases you should use zero here. Units are in dBm. ### Bandwidth Certain bandwidth numbers are 'special' and will be converted by the device firmware to the appropriate floating point value: | Special Value | Interpreted As | | :-----------: | :------------: | | 31 | 31.25 kHz | | 62 | 62.5 kHz | | 200 | 203.125 kHz | | 400 | 406.25 kHz | | 800 | 812.5 kHz | | 1600 | 1625.0 kHz | Please be aware that values < 62.5kHz may require a TCXO on some hardware devices. ### Spread Factor A number from 7 to 12. Indicates the number of chirps per symbol as 1< :::info LoRa Config options such as Region, Modem Preset, and Hop Limit can be configured on Android. 1. Open the Meshtastic App 2. Navigate to: **Vertical Ellipsis (3 dots top right) > Radio Configuration > LoRa** ::: :::info Configuration of Region, Modem Preset and Hop Limit is available on iOS, iPadOS and macOS at Settings > Radio Configuration > LoRa. ::: :::info LoRa config commands are available in the python CLI. Example commands are below: ::: | Setting | Acceptable Values | Default | | :-------------------------: | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | :---------: | | lora.modem_preset | `LONG_FAST`, `LONG_SLOW`, `VERY_LONG_SLOW`, `MEDIUM_SLOW`, `MEDIUM_FAST`, `SHORT_SLOW`, `SHORT_FAST` | `LONG_FAST` | | lora.use_preset | `false`, `true` | `false` | | lora.region | `UNSET`, `US`, `EU_433`, `EU_868`, `CN`, `JP`, `ANZ`, `KR`, `TW`, `RU` ,`IN`, `NZ_865`, `TH`, `LORA_24`, `UA_433`, `UA_868` | `UNSET` | | lora.bandwidth | `31`, `62`, `125`, `250`, `500` | `250` | | lora.spread_factor | `7`, `8`, `9`, `10`, `11`, `12` | `12` | | lora.coding_rate | `5`, `6`, `7`, `8` | `8` | | lora.frequency_offset | `0` to `1000000` | `0` | | lora.hop_limit | `1`,`2`,`3`,`4`,`5`,`6`,`7` | `3` | | lora.tx_power | `0` to `30` | `0` | | lora.tx_enabled | `false`, `false` | `true` | | lora.channel_num | `0`, `1` to `NUM_CHANNELS` | `0` | | lora.override_duty_cycle | `false`, `true` | `false` | | lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain | `false`, `true` | `false` | | lora.override_frequency | Any supported frequency the LoRA radio is capable of. Please respect local rules and regulations | `0` | :::tip Because the device will reboot after each command is sent via CLI, it is recommended when setting multiple values in a config section that commands be chained together as one. ```shell title="Example:" meshtastic --set lora.region US --set lora.modem_preset LONG_FAST ``` ::: ```shell title="Set Modem Preset" meshtastic --set lora.modem_preset LONG_FAST meshtastic --set lora.modem_preset MEDIUM_FAST ``` ```shell title="Set Region" meshtastic --set lora.region US meshtastic --set lora.region EU_433 ``` ```shell title="Set Hop Limit" meshtastic --set lora.hop_limit 2 ``` ```shell title="Override Duty Cycle" meshtastic --set lora.override_duty_cycle true meshtastic --set lora.override_duty_cycle false ``` :::info Only `lora.region` can be set via the GUI flasher. Refer to other clients for any other config. ::: :::info All LoRa config options are available in the Web UI. :::