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106 lines
3.5 KiB
Plaintext
106 lines
3.5 KiB
Plaintext
---
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id: swdio
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title: SWDIO using a Raspberry Pi
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sidebar_label: SWDIO using a Raspberry Pi
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sidebar_position: 6
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description: Instructions for uploading firmware through SWDIO by using a Raspberry Pi.
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---
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Most Meshtastic devices can be flashed simply using USB.
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However, some (eg Seeed WM1110 Dev Kit) require the use of an external device that can connect via "SWDIO".
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There are dedicated devices such as the [RAKDAP1](https://store.rakwireless.com/products/daplink-tool)
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that can do this work. However, for many people a Raspberry Pi is more convenient.
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This article provides instructions on how use a Raspberry Pi as a SWDIO Flash Tool.
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## Set up Wiring
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The first step is to connect two wires between your Raspberry Pi and the SWDIO ports on your NRF52-based device.
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Connect GPIO pin 11 on your Raspbery Pi to the CLK pin on the Meshtastic Device.
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Connect GPIO pin 8 on your Raspbery Pi to the DIO pin on the Meshtastic Device.
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Ensure you get the GPIO numbers correct.
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Plug in your Raspberry Pi to USB power.
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Plug in the Meshtastic Device to power.
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## Install OpenOCD
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You can use OpenOCD to manage the SWDIO connection with the Meshtastic Device.
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Install it on your Raspberry Pi.
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```
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$ sudo apt update
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$ sudo apt install libtool autoconf automake texinfo telnet gdb-multiarch git
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$ git clone git://repo.or.cz/openocd.git
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$ cd openocd/
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$ ./bootstrap
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$ ./configure --enable-bcm2835gpio
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$ make -j4
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$ sudo make install
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```
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## Check connection
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Let's try connecting to the NRF52-based device with SWDIO before we do anything with firmware.
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All the configuration you need is in the openocd repository.
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```
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$ openocd -f ./openocd/tcl/interface/raspberrypi-native.cfg -c "transport select swd" -f openocd/tcl/target/nrf52.cfg -s tcl
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```
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The first flag selects the Raspberry Pi as your host machine, the transport is SWDIO, and the last flag says you are connecting to a nRF52-based chip.
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You should see something like this:
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```
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Open On-Chip Debugger 0.12.0+dev-00633-gad87fbd1c
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Licensed under GNU GPL v2
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For bug reports, read
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http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
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srst_only separate srst_gates_jtag srst_push_pull connect_deassert_srst
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swd
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Info : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connections
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Info : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connections
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Info : BCM2835 GPIO JTAG/SWD bitbang driver
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Info : clock speed 100 kHz
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Info : SWD DPIDR 0x2ba01477
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Info : [nrf52.cpu] Cortex-M4 r0p1 processor detected
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Info : [nrf52.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpoints
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Info : [nrf52.cpu] Examination succeed
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Info : [nrf52.cpu] starting gdb server on 3333
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Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections
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Info : accepting 'telnet' connection on tcp/4444
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```
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If you see “Error connecting DP: cannot read IDR”, then you've probably connected the wires to the wrong place.
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## Obtaining Firmware
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Check the instructions for your [hardware](/docs/hardware/devices) to find the correct firmware for your device.
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For most devices following this guide, a .hex file is required.
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Then, copy the firmware file to your Raspberry Pi.
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## Flashing Firmware
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Once you have openocd running, you can connect to your Meshtastic device using telnet.
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Flashing is as simple as running a few commands inside the telnet session:
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```
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$ telnet 127.0.0.1 4444
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Trying 127.0.0.1...
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Connected to 127.0.0.1.
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Escape character is '^]'.
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Open On-Chip Debugger
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> init
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> reset init
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> halt
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> nrf5 mass_erase
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> program firmware.hex verify
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> reset
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> exit 0
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```
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Unplug the power and plug it back in after flashing.
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## Connecting
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Congratulations, you should now be able to connect to your device through Bluetooth in the Meshtastic app.
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