prometheus/tsdb/exemplar_test.go

// Copyright 2020 The Prometheus Authors
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

package tsdb

import (
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"testing"

	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"

	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/pkg/exemplar"
	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/pkg/labels"
	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/storage"
)

// Tests the same exemplar cases as AddExemplar, but specifically the ValidateExemplar function so it can be relied on externally.
func TestValidateExemplar(t *testing.T) {
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(2, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
	}
	e := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "traceID",
				Value: "qwerty",
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    1,
	}

	require.NoError(t, es.ValidateExemplar(l, e))
	require.NoError(t, es.AddExemplar(l, e))

	e2 := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "traceID",
				Value: "zxcvb",
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    2,
	}

	require.NoError(t, es.ValidateExemplar(l, e2))
	require.NoError(t, es.AddExemplar(l, e2))

	require.Equal(t, es.ValidateExemplar(l, e2), storage.ErrDuplicateExemplar, "error is expected attempting to validate duplicate exemplar")

	e3 := e2
	e3.Ts = 3
	require.Equal(t, es.ValidateExemplar(l, e3), storage.ErrDuplicateExemplar, "error is expected when attempting to add duplicate exemplar, even with different timestamp")

	e3.Ts = 1
	e3.Value = 0.3
	require.Equal(t, es.ValidateExemplar(l, e3), storage.ErrOutOfOrderExemplar)

	e4 := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "a",
				Value: strings.Repeat("b", exemplar.ExemplarMaxLabelSetLength),
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    2,
	}
	require.Equal(t, storage.ErrExemplarLabelLength, es.ValidateExemplar(l, e4))
}

func TestAddExemplar(t *testing.T) {
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(2, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
	}
	e := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "traceID",
				Value: "qwerty",
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    1,
	}

	require.NoError(t, es.AddExemplar(l, e))
	require.Equal(t, es.index[l.String()].newest, 0, "exemplar was not stored correctly")

	e2 := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "traceID",
				Value: "zxcvb",
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    2,
	}

	require.NoError(t, es.AddExemplar(l, e2))
	require.Equal(t, es.index[l.String()].newest, 1, "exemplar was not stored correctly, location of newest exemplar for series in index did not update")
	require.True(t, es.exemplars[es.index[l.String()].newest].exemplar.Equals(e2), "exemplar was not stored correctly, expected %+v got: %+v", e2, es.exemplars[es.index[l.String()].newest].exemplar)

	require.NoError(t, es.AddExemplar(l, e2), "no error is expected attempting to add duplicate exemplar")

	e3 := e2
	e3.Ts = 3
	require.NoError(t, es.AddExemplar(l, e3), "no error is expected when attempting to add duplicate exemplar, even with different timestamp")

	e3.Ts = 1
	e3.Value = 0.3
	require.Equal(t, storage.ErrOutOfOrderExemplar, es.AddExemplar(l, e3))

	e4 := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "a",
				Value: strings.Repeat("b", exemplar.ExemplarMaxLabelSetLength),
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    2,
	}
	require.Equal(t, storage.ErrExemplarLabelLength, es.AddExemplar(l, e4))
}

func TestStorageOverflow(t *testing.T) {
	// Test that circular buffer index and assignment
	// works properly, adding more exemplars than can
	// be stored and then querying for them.
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(5, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
	}

	var eList []exemplar.Exemplar
	for i := 0; i < len(es.exemplars)+1; i++ {
		e := exemplar.Exemplar{
			Labels: labels.Labels{
				labels.Label{
					Name:  "traceID",
					Value: "a",
				},
			},
			Value: float64(i+1) / 10,
			Ts:    int64(101 + i),
		}
		es.AddExemplar(l, e)
		eList = append(eList, e)
	}
	require.True(t, (es.exemplars[0].exemplar.Ts == 106), "exemplar was not stored correctly")

	m, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l[0].Name, l[0].Value)
	require.NoError(t, err, "error creating label matcher for exemplar query")
	ret, err := es.Select(100, 110, []*labels.Matcher{m})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, len(ret) == 1, "select should have returned samples for a single series only")

	require.True(t, reflect.DeepEqual(eList[1:], ret[0].Exemplars), "select did not return expected exemplars\n\texpected: %+v\n\tactual: %+v\n", eList[1:], ret[0].Exemplars)
}

func TestSelectExemplar(t *testing.T) {
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(5, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l := labels.Labels{{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"}}
	e := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "traceID",
				Value: "qwerty",
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    12,
	}

	err = es.AddExemplar(l, e)
	require.NoError(t, err, "adding exemplar failed")
	require.True(t, reflect.DeepEqual(es.exemplars[0].exemplar, e), "exemplar was not stored correctly")

	m, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l[0].Name, l[0].Value)
	require.NoError(t, err, "error creating label matcher for exemplar query")
	ret, err := es.Select(0, 100, []*labels.Matcher{m})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, len(ret) == 1, "select should have returned samples for a single series only")

	expectedResult := []exemplar.Exemplar{e}
	require.True(t, reflect.DeepEqual(expectedResult, ret[0].Exemplars), "select did not return expected exemplars\n\texpected: %+v\n\tactual: %+v\n", expectedResult, ret[0].Exemplars)
}

func TestSelectExemplar_MultiSeries(t *testing.T) {
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(5, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l1 := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "__name__", Value: "test_metric"},
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
	}
	l2 := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "__name__", Value: "test_metric2"},
		{Name: "service", Value: "qwer"},
	}

	for i := 0; i < len(es.exemplars); i++ {
		e1 := exemplar.Exemplar{
			Labels: labels.Labels{
				labels.Label{
					Name:  "traceID",
					Value: "a",
				},
			},
			Value: float64(i+1) / 10,
			Ts:    int64(101 + i),
		}
		err = es.AddExemplar(l1, e1)
		require.NoError(t, err)

		e2 := exemplar.Exemplar{
			Labels: labels.Labels{
				labels.Label{
					Name:  "traceID",
					Value: "b",
				},
			},
			Value: float64(i+1) / 10,
			Ts:    int64(101 + i),
		}
		err = es.AddExemplar(l2, e2)
		require.NoError(t, err)
	}

	m, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l2[0].Name, l2[0].Value)
	require.NoError(t, err, "error creating label matcher for exemplar query")
	ret, err := es.Select(100, 200, []*labels.Matcher{m})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, len(ret) == 1, "select should have returned samples for a single series only")
	require.True(t, len(ret[0].Exemplars) == 3, "didn't get expected 8 exemplars, got %d", len(ret[0].Exemplars))

	m, err = labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l1[0].Name, l1[0].Value)
	require.NoError(t, err, "error creating label matcher for exemplar query")
	ret, err = es.Select(100, 200, []*labels.Matcher{m})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, len(ret) == 1, "select should have returned samples for a single series only")
	require.True(t, len(ret[0].Exemplars) == 2, "didn't get expected 8 exemplars, got %d", len(ret[0].Exemplars))
}

func TestSelectExemplar_TimeRange(t *testing.T) {
	lenEs := 5
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(lenEs, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
	}

	for i := 0; i < lenEs; i++ {
		err := es.AddExemplar(l, exemplar.Exemplar{
			Labels: labels.Labels{
				labels.Label{
					Name:  "traceID",
					Value: strconv.Itoa(i),
				},
			},
			Value: 0.1,
			Ts:    int64(101 + i),
		})
		require.NoError(t, err)
		require.Equal(t, es.index[l.String()].newest, i, "exemplar was not stored correctly")
	}

	m, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l[0].Name, l[0].Value)
	require.NoError(t, err, "error creating label matcher for exemplar query")
	ret, err := es.Select(102, 104, []*labels.Matcher{m})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, len(ret) == 1, "select should have returned samples for a single series only")
	require.True(t, len(ret[0].Exemplars) == 3, "didn't get expected two exemplars %d, %+v", len(ret[0].Exemplars), ret)
}

// Test to ensure that even though a series matches more than one matcher from the
// query that it's exemplars are only included in the result a single time.
func TestSelectExemplar_DuplicateSeries(t *testing.T) {
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(4, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	e := exemplar.Exemplar{
		Labels: labels.Labels{
			labels.Label{
				Name:  "traceID",
				Value: "qwerty",
			},
		},
		Value: 0.1,
		Ts:    12,
	}

	l := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
		{Name: "cluster", Value: "us-central1"},
	}

	// Lets just assume somehow the PromQL expression generated two separate lists of matchers,
	// both of which can select this particular series.
	m := [][]*labels.Matcher{
		{
			labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l[0].Name, l[0].Value),
		},
		{
			labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l[1].Name, l[1].Value),
		},
	}

	err = es.AddExemplar(l, e)
	require.NoError(t, err, "adding exemplar failed")
	require.True(t, reflect.DeepEqual(es.exemplars[0].exemplar, e), "exemplar was not stored correctly")

	ret, err := es.Select(0, 100, m...)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	require.True(t, len(ret) == 1, "select should have returned samples for a single series only")
}

func TestIndexOverwrite(t *testing.T) {
	exs, err := NewCircularExemplarStorage(2, nil)
	require.NoError(t, err)
	es := exs.(*CircularExemplarStorage)

	l1 := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "asdf"},
	}

	l2 := labels.Labels{
		{Name: "service", Value: "qwer"},
	}

	err = es.AddExemplar(l1, exemplar.Exemplar{Value: 1, Ts: 1})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	err = es.AddExemplar(l2, exemplar.Exemplar{Value: 2, Ts: 2})
	require.NoError(t, err)
	err = es.AddExemplar(l2, exemplar.Exemplar{Value: 3, Ts: 3})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	// Ensure index GC'ing is taking place, there should no longer be any
	// index entry for series l1 since we just wrote two exemplars for series l2.
	_, ok := es.index[l1.String()]
	require.False(t, ok)
	require.Equal(t, &indexEntry{1, 0, l2}, es.index[l2.String()])

	err = es.AddExemplar(l1, exemplar.Exemplar{Value: 4, Ts: 4})
	require.NoError(t, err)

	i := es.index[l2.String()]
	require.Equal(t, &indexEntry{0, 0, l2}, i)
}