Merge pull request #391 from grafana/krajo/merge-jan08-from-upstream

merge jan08 from upstream

.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml

@@ -20,11 +20,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v2
         with:
-          go-version: 1.18.x
+          go-version: '<1.19'
       - name: Install snmp_exporter/generator dependencies
         run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get -y install libsnmp-dev
         if: github.repository == 'prometheus/snmp_exporter'
       - name: Lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3.2.0
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3.3.1
         with:
-          version: v1.45.2
+          version: v1.50.1

.promu.yml

@@ -10,7 +10,13 @@ build:
           path: ./cmd/prometheus
         - name: promtool
           path: ./cmd/promtool
-    flags: -a -tags netgo,builtinassets
+    tags:
+        all:
+            - netgo
+            - builtinassets
+        windows:
+            - builtinassets
+    flags: -a
     ldflags: |
         -X github.com/prometheus/common/version.Version={{.Version}}
         -X github.com/prometheus/common/version.Revision={{.Revision}}

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,42 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## 2.41.0-rc.0 / 2022-12-14
+
+* [FEATURE] Relabeling: Add `keepequal` and `dropequal` relabel actions. #11564
+* [FEATURE] Add support for HTTP proxy headers. #11712
+* [ENHANCEMENT] Reload private certificates when changed on disk. #11685
+* [ENHANCEMENT] Add `max_version` to specify maximum TLS version in `tls_config`. #11685
+* [ENHANCEMENT] Add `goos` and `goarch` labels to `prometheus_build_info`. #11685
+* [ENHANCEMENT] SD: Add proxy support for EC2 and LightSail SDs #11611
+* [ENHANCEMENT] SD: Add new metric `prometheus_sd_file_watcher_errors_total`. #11066
+* [ENHANCEMENT] Remote Read: Use a pool to speed up marshalling. #11357
+* [ENHANCEMENT] TSDB: Improve handling of tombstoned chunks in iterators. #11632
+* [ENHANCEMENT] TSDB: Optimize postings offset table reading. #11535
+* [BUGFIX] Scrape: Validate the metric name, label names, and label values after relabeling. #11074
+* [BUGFIX] Remote Write receiver and rule manager: Fix error handling. #11727
+
+## 2.40.7 / 2022-12-14
+
+* [BUGFIX] Use Windows native DNS resolver. #11704
+* [BUGFIX] TSDB: Fix queries involving negative buckets of native histograms. #11699
+
+## 2.40.6 / 2022-12-09
+
+* [SECURITY] Security upgrade from go and upstream dependencies that include
+  security fixes to the net/http and os packages. #11691
+
+## 2.40.5 / 2022-12-01
+
+* [BUGFIX] TSDB: Fix queries involving native histograms due to improper reset of iterators. #11643
+
+## 2.40.4 / 2022-11-29
+
+* [SECURITY] Fix basic authentication bypass vulnerability (CVE-2022-46146). GHSA-4v48-4q5m-8vx4
+
+## 2.40.3 / 2022-11-23
+
+* [BUGFIX] TSDB: Fix compaction after a deletion is called. #11623
+
 ## 2.40.2 / 2022-11-16
 
 * [BUGFIX] UI: Fix black-on-black metric name color in dark mode. #11572

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@ To add or update a new dependency, use the `go get` command:
 
 ```bash
 # Pick the latest tagged release.
-go install example.com/some/module/pkg@latest
+go get example.com/some/module/pkg@latest
 
 # Pick a specific version.
-go install example.com/some/module/pkg@vX.Y.Z
+go get example.com/some/module/pkg@vX.Y.Z
 ```
 
 Tidy up the `go.mod` and `go.sum` files:

Makefile

@@ -90,8 +90,10 @@ endif
 .PHONY: npm_licenses
 npm_licenses: ui-install
 	@echo ">> bundling npm licenses"
-	rm -f $(REACT_APP_NPM_LICENSES_TARBALL)
-	find $(UI_NODE_MODULES_PATH) -iname "license*" | tar cfj $(REACT_APP_NPM_LICENSES_TARBALL) --transform 's/^/npm_licenses\//' --files-from=-
+	rm -f $(REACT_APP_NPM_LICENSES_TARBALL) npm_licenses
+	ln -s . npm_licenses
+	find npm_licenses/$(UI_NODE_MODULES_PATH) -iname "license*" | tar cfj $(REACT_APP_NPM_LICENSES_TARBALL) --files-from=-
+	rm -f npm_licenses
 
 .PHONY: tarball
 tarball: npm_licenses common-tarball
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@ plugins/plugins.go: plugins.yml plugins/generate.go
 plugins: plugins/plugins.go
 
 .PHONY: build
-build: assets npm_licenses assets-compress common-build plugins
+build: assets npm_licenses assets-compress plugins common-build
 
 .PHONY: bench_tsdb
 bench_tsdb: $(PROMU)

Makefile.common

@@ -55,13 +55,13 @@ ifneq ($(shell which gotestsum),)
 endif
 endif
 
-PROMU_VERSION ?= 0.13.0
+PROMU_VERSION ?= 0.14.0
 PROMU_URL     := https://github.com/prometheus/promu/releases/download/v$(PROMU_VERSION)/promu-$(PROMU_VERSION).$(GO_BUILD_PLATFORM).tar.gz
 
 SKIP_GOLANGCI_LINT :=
 GOLANGCI_LINT :=
 GOLANGCI_LINT_OPTS ?=
-GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION ?= v1.49.0
+GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION ?= v1.50.1
 # golangci-lint only supports linux, darwin and windows platforms on i386/amd64.
 # windows isn't included here because of the path separator being different.
 ifeq ($(GOHOSTOS),$(filter $(GOHOSTOS),linux darwin))

README.md

@@ -138,8 +138,6 @@ make npm_licenses
 make common-docker-amd64
 ```
 
-*NB* if you are on a Mac, you will need [gnu-tar](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/gnu-tar).
-
 ## Using Prometheus as a Go Library
 
 ### Remote Write

RELEASE.md

@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ Release cadence of first pre-releases being cut is 6 weeks.
 | v2.38          | 2022-08-10                                 | Julius Volz (GitHub: @juliusv)              |
 | v2.39          | 2022-09-21                                 | Ganesh Vernekar (GitHub: @codesome)         |
 | v2.40          | 2022-11-02                                 | Ganesh Vernekar (GitHub: @codesome)         |
-| v2.41          | 2022-12-14                                 | **searching for volunteer**                 |
+| v2.41          | 2022-12-14                                 | Julien Pivotto (GitHub: @roidelapluie)      |
+| v2.42          | 2023-01-25                                 | **searching for volunteer**                 |
 
 If you are interested in volunteering please create a pull request against the [prometheus/prometheus](https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus) repository and propose yourself for the release series of your choice.
 

VERSION

@@ -1 +1 @@
-2.40.2
+2.41.0-rc.0

cmd/prometheus/main.go

@@ -1393,7 +1393,7 @@ func (n notReadyAppender) AppendExemplar(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels,
 	return 0, tsdb.ErrNotReady
 }
 
-func (n notReadyAppender) AppendHistogram(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
+func (n notReadyAppender) AppendHistogram(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram, fh *histogram.FloatHistogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
 	return 0, tsdb.ErrNotReady
 }
 

cmd/promtool/backfill_test.go

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func queryAllSeries(t testing.TB, q storage.Querier, expectedMinTime, expectedMa
 	samples := []backfillSample{}
 	for ss.Next() {
 		series := ss.At()
-		it := series.Iterator()
+		it := series.Iterator(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, it.Err())
 		for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 			ts, v := it.At()

cmd/promtool/main.go

@@ -631,9 +631,9 @@ func checkRules(filename string, lintSettings lintConfig) (int, []error) {
 			errMessage := fmt.Sprintf("%d duplicate rule(s) found.\n", len(dRules))
 			for _, n := range dRules {
 				errMessage += fmt.Sprintf("Metric: %s\nLabel(s):\n", n.metric)
-				for _, l := range n.label {
+				n.label.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 					errMessage += fmt.Sprintf("\t%s: %s\n", l.Name, l.Value)
-				}
+				})
 			}
 			errMessage += "Might cause inconsistency while recording expressions"
 			return 0, []error{fmt.Errorf("%w %s", lintError, errMessage)}

cmd/promtool/rules.go

@@ -158,14 +158,15 @@ func (importer *ruleImporter) importRule(ctx context.Context, ruleExpr, ruleName
 
 				// Setting the rule labels after the output of the query,
 				// so they can override query output.
-				for _, l := range ruleLabels {
+				ruleLabels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 					lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
-				}
+				})
 
 				lb.Set(labels.MetricName, ruleName)
+				lbls := lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 
 				for _, value := range sample.Values {
-					if err := app.add(ctx, lb.Labels(nil), timestamp.FromTime(value.Timestamp.Time()), float64(value.Value)); err != nil {
+					if err := app.add(ctx, lbls, timestamp.FromTime(value.Timestamp.Time()), float64(value.Value)); err != nil {
 						return fmt.Errorf("add: %w", err)
 					}
 				}

cmd/promtool/rules_test.go

@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func TestBackfillRuleIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 				require.Equal(t, 1, len(gRules))
 				require.Equal(t, "rule1", gRules[0].Name())
 				require.Equal(t, "ruleExpr", gRules[0].Query().String())
-				require.Equal(t, 1, len(gRules[0].Labels()))
+				require.Equal(t, 1, gRules[0].Labels().Len())
 
 				group2 := ruleImporter.groups[path2+";group2"]
 				require.NotNil(t, group2)
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func TestBackfillRuleIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 				require.Equal(t, 2, len(g2Rules))
 				require.Equal(t, "grp2_rule1", g2Rules[0].Name())
 				require.Equal(t, "grp2_rule1_expr", g2Rules[0].Query().String())
-				require.Equal(t, 0, len(g2Rules[0].Labels()))
+				require.Equal(t, 0, g2Rules[0].Labels().Len())
 
 				// Backfill all recording rules then check the blocks to confirm the correct data was created.
 				errs = ruleImporter.importAll(ctx)
@@ -132,14 +132,14 @@ func TestBackfillRuleIntegration(t *testing.T) {
 				for selectedSeries.Next() {
 					seriesCount++
 					series := selectedSeries.At()
-					if len(series.Labels()) != 3 {
-						require.Equal(t, 2, len(series.Labels()))
+					if series.Labels().Len() != 3 {
+						require.Equal(t, 2, series.Labels().Len())
 						x := labels.FromStrings("__name__", "grp2_rule1", "name1", "val1")
 						require.Equal(t, x, series.Labels())
 					} else {
-						require.Equal(t, 3, len(series.Labels()))
+						require.Equal(t, 3, series.Labels().Len())
 					}
-					it := series.Iterator()
+					it := series.Iterator(nil)
 					for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 						samplesCount++
 						ts, v := it.At()

cmd/promtool/tsdb.go

@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ func readPrometheusLabels(r io.Reader, n int) ([]labels.Labels, error) {
 	i := 0
 
 	for scanner.Scan() && i < n {
-		m := make(labels.Labels, 0, 10)
+		m := make([]labels.Label, 0, 10)
 
 		r := strings.NewReplacer("\"", "", "{", "", "}", "")
 		s := r.Replace(scanner.Text())
@@ -325,13 +325,12 @@ func readPrometheusLabels(r io.Reader, n int) ([]labels.Labels, error) {
 			split := strings.Split(labelChunk, ":")
 			m = append(m, labels.Label{Name: split[0], Value: split[1]})
 		}
-		// Order of the k/v labels matters, don't assume we'll always receive them already sorted.
-		sort.Sort(m)
-		h := m.Hash()
+		ml := labels.New(m...) // This sorts by name - order of the k/v labels matters, don't assume we'll always receive them already sorted.
+		h := ml.Hash()
 		if _, ok := hashes[h]; ok {
 			continue
 		}
-		mets = append(mets, m)
+		mets = append(mets, ml)
 		hashes[h] = struct{}{}
 		i++
 	}
@@ -470,21 +469,21 @@ func analyzeBlock(path, blockID string, limit int, runExtended bool) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	lbls := labels.Labels{}
 	chks := []chunks.Meta{}
+	builder := labels.ScratchBuilder{}
 	for p.Next() {
-		if err = ir.Series(p.At(), &lbls, &chks); err != nil {
+		if err = ir.Series(p.At(), &builder, &chks); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		// Amount of the block time range not covered by this series.
 		uncovered := uint64(meta.MaxTime-meta.MinTime) - uint64(chks[len(chks)-1].MaxTime-chks[0].MinTime)
-		for _, lbl := range lbls {
+		builder.Labels().Range(func(lbl labels.Label) {
 			key := lbl.Name + "=" + lbl.Value
 			labelsUncovered[lbl.Name] += uncovered
 			labelpairsUncovered[key] += uncovered
 			labelpairsCount[key]++
 			entries++
-		}
+		})
 	}
 	if p.Err() != nil {
 		return p.Err()
@@ -589,10 +588,10 @@ func analyzeCompaction(block tsdb.BlockReader, indexr tsdb.IndexReader) (err err
 	nBuckets := 10
 	histogram := make([]int, nBuckets)
 	totalChunks := 0
+	var builder labels.ScratchBuilder
 	for postingsr.Next() {
-		lbsl := labels.Labels{}
 		var chks []chunks.Meta
-		if err := indexr.Series(postingsr.At(), &lbsl, &chks); err != nil {
+		if err := indexr.Series(postingsr.At(), &builder, &chks); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 
@@ -644,7 +643,7 @@ func dumpSamples(path string, mint, maxt int64) (err error) {
 	for ss.Next() {
 		series := ss.At()
 		lbs := series.Labels()
-		it := series.Iterator()
+		it := series.Iterator(nil)
 		for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 			ts, val := it.At()
 			fmt.Printf("%s %g %d\n", lbs, val, ts)

cmd/promtool/unittest.go

@@ -284,8 +284,8 @@ func (tg *testGroup) test(evalInterval time.Duration, groupOrderMap map[string]i
 					for _, a := range ar.ActiveAlerts() {
 						if a.State == rules.StateFiring {
 							alerts = append(alerts, labelAndAnnotation{
-								Labels:      append(labels.Labels{}, a.Labels...),
-								Annotations: append(labels.Labels{}, a.Annotations...),
+								Labels:      a.Labels.Copy(),
+								Annotations: a.Annotations.Copy(),
 							})
 						}
 					}

config/config.go

@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@ func Load(s string, expandExternalLabels bool, logger log.Logger) (*Config, erro
 		return cfg, nil
 	}
 
-	for i, v := range cfg.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels {
+	b := labels.ScratchBuilder{}
+	cfg.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels.Range(func(v labels.Label) {
 		newV := os.Expand(v.Value, func(s string) string {
 			if s == "$" {
 				return "$"
@@ -93,10 +94,10 @@ func Load(s string, expandExternalLabels bool, logger log.Logger) (*Config, erro
 		})
 		if newV != v.Value {
 			level.Debug(logger).Log("msg", "External label replaced", "label", v.Name, "input", v.Value, "output", newV)
-			v.Value = newV
-			cfg.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels[i] = v
-		}
 		}
+		b.Add(v.Name, newV)
+	})
+	cfg.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels = b.Labels()
 	return cfg, nil
 }
 
@@ -112,10 +113,6 @@ func LoadFile(filename string, agentMode, expandExternalLabels bool, logger log.
 	}
 
 	if agentMode {
-		if len(cfg.RemoteWriteConfigs) == 0 {
-			return nil, errors.New("at least one remote_write target must be specified in agent mode")
-		}
-
 		if len(cfg.AlertingConfig.AlertmanagerConfigs) > 0 || len(cfg.AlertingConfig.AlertRelabelConfigs) > 0 {
 			return nil, errors.New("field alerting is not allowed in agent mode")
 		}
@@ -361,13 +358,16 @@ func (c *GlobalConfig) UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	for _, l := range gc.ExternalLabels {
+	if err := gc.ExternalLabels.Validate(func(l labels.Label) error {
 		if !model.LabelName(l.Name).IsValid() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid label name", l.Name)
 		}
 		if !model.LabelValue(l.Value).IsValid() {
 			return fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid label value", l.Value)
 		}
+		return nil
+	}); err != nil {
+		return err
 	}
 
 	// First set the correct scrape interval, then check that the timeout
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ func (c *GlobalConfig) UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
 
 // isZero returns true iff the global config is the zero value.
 func (c *GlobalConfig) isZero() bool {
-	return c.ExternalLabels == nil &&
+	return c.ExternalLabels.IsEmpty() &&
 		c.ScrapeInterval == 0 &&
 		c.ScrapeTimeout == 0 &&
 		c.EvaluationInterval == 0 &&

config/config_test.go

@@ -586,6 +586,7 @@ var expectedConf = &Config{
 							Values: []string{"web", "db"},
 						},
 					},
+					HTTPClientConfig: config.DefaultHTTPClientConfig,
 				},
 			},
 		},
@@ -608,6 +609,7 @@ var expectedConf = &Config{
 					Profile:          "profile",
 					RefreshInterval:  model.Duration(60 * time.Second),
 					Port:             80,
+					HTTPClientConfig: config.DefaultHTTPClientConfig,
 				},
 			},
 		},
@@ -1743,6 +1745,33 @@ func TestExpandExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, labels.FromStrings("bar", "foo", "baz", "fooTestValuebar", "foo", "TestValue", "qux", "foo${TEST}", "xyz", "foo$bar"), c.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels)
 }
 
+func TestAgentMode(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := LoadFile("testdata/agent_mode.with_alert_manager.yml", true, false, log.NewNopLogger())
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "field alerting is not allowed in agent mode")
+
+	_, err = LoadFile("testdata/agent_mode.with_alert_relabels.yml", true, false, log.NewNopLogger())
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "field alerting is not allowed in agent mode")
+
+	_, err = LoadFile("testdata/agent_mode.with_rule_files.yml", true, false, log.NewNopLogger())
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "field rule_files is not allowed in agent mode")
+
+	_, err = LoadFile("testdata/agent_mode.with_remote_reads.yml", true, false, log.NewNopLogger())
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "field remote_read is not allowed in agent mode")
+
+	c, err := LoadFile("testdata/agent_mode.without_remote_writes.yml", true, false, log.NewNopLogger())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, c.RemoteWriteConfigs, 0)
+
+	c, err = LoadFile("testdata/agent_mode.good.yml", true, false, log.NewNopLogger())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, c.RemoteWriteConfigs, 1)
+	require.Equal(
+		t,
+		"http://remote1/push",
+		c.RemoteWriteConfigs[0].URL.String(),
+	)
+}
+
 func TestEmptyGlobalBlock(t *testing.T) {
 	c, err := Load("global:\n", false, log.NewNopLogger())
 	require.NoError(t, err)

config/testdata/agent_mode.good.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+remote_write:
+  - url: http://remote1/push

config/testdata/agent_mode.with_alert_manager.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+alerting:
+  alertmanagers:
+    - scheme: https
+      static_configs:
+        - targets:
+            - "1.2.3.4:9093"

config/testdata/agent_mode.with_alert_relabels.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+alerting:
+  alert_relabel_configs:
+    - action: uppercase
+      source_labels: [instance]
+      target_label: instance

config/testdata/agent_mode.with_remote_reads.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+remote_read:
+  - url: http://remote1/read
+    read_recent: true
+    name: default
+    enable_http2: false

config/testdata/agent_mode.with_rule_files.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+rule_files:
+  - "first.rules"
+  - "my/*.rules"

config/testdata/agent_mode.without_remote_writes.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+global:
+  scrape_interval: 15s

discovery/aws/ec2.go

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ const (
 var DefaultEC2SDConfig = EC2SDConfig{
 	Port:             80,
 	RefreshInterval:  model.Duration(60 * time.Second),
+	HTTPClientConfig: config.DefaultHTTPClientConfig,
 }
 
 func init() {
@@ -91,6 +92,8 @@ type EC2SDConfig struct {
 	RefreshInterval model.Duration `yaml:"refresh_interval,omitempty"`
 	Port            int            `yaml:"port"`
 	Filters         []*EC2Filter   `yaml:"filters"`
+
+	HTTPClientConfig config.HTTPClientConfig `yaml:",inline"`
 }
 
 // Name returns the name of the EC2 Config.
@@ -171,11 +174,17 @@ func (d *EC2Discovery) ec2Client(ctx context.Context) (*ec2.EC2, error) {
 		creds = nil
 	}
 
+	client, err := config.NewClientFromConfig(d.cfg.HTTPClientConfig, "ec2_sd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	sess, err := session.NewSessionWithOptions(session.Options{
 		Config: aws.Config{
 			Endpoint:    &d.cfg.Endpoint,
 			Region:      &d.cfg.Region,
 			Credentials: creds,
+			HTTPClient:  client,
 		},
 		Profile: d.cfg.Profile,
 	})

discovery/aws/lightsail.go

@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ const (
 var DefaultLightsailSDConfig = LightsailSDConfig{
 	Port:             80,
 	RefreshInterval:  model.Duration(60 * time.Second),
+	HTTPClientConfig: config.DefaultHTTPClientConfig,
 }
 
 func init() {
@@ -74,6 +75,8 @@ type LightsailSDConfig struct {
 	RoleARN         string         `yaml:"role_arn,omitempty"`
 	RefreshInterval model.Duration `yaml:"refresh_interval,omitempty"`
 	Port            int            `yaml:"port"`
+
+	HTTPClientConfig config.HTTPClientConfig `yaml:",inline"`
 }
 
 // Name returns the name of the Lightsail Config.
@@ -144,11 +147,17 @@ func (d *LightsailDiscovery) lightsailClient() (*lightsail.Lightsail, error) {
 		creds = nil
 	}
 
+	client, err := config.NewClientFromConfig(d.cfg.HTTPClientConfig, "lightsail_sd")
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
 	sess, err := session.NewSessionWithOptions(session.Options{
 		Config: aws.Config{
 			Endpoint:    &d.cfg.Endpoint,
 			Region:      &d.cfg.Region,
 			Credentials: creds,
+			HTTPClient:  client,
 		},
 		Profile: d.cfg.Profile,
 	})

discovery/azure/azure.go

@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ const (
 	azureLabelMachinePublicIP      = azureLabel + "machine_public_ip"
 	azureLabelMachineTag           = azureLabel + "machine_tag_"
 	azureLabelMachineScaleSet      = azureLabel + "machine_scale_set"
+	azureLabelMachineSize          = azureLabel + "machine_size"
 
 	authMethodOAuth           = "OAuth"
 	authMethodManagedIdentity = "ManagedIdentity"
@@ -261,6 +262,7 @@ type virtualMachine struct {
 	ScaleSet          string
 	Tags              map[string]*string
 	NetworkInterfaces []string
+	Size              string
 }
 
 // Create a new azureResource object from an ID string.
@@ -343,6 +345,7 @@ func (d *Discovery) refresh(ctx context.Context) ([]*targetgroup.Group, error) {
 				azureLabelMachineOSType:        model.LabelValue(vm.OsType),
 				azureLabelMachineLocation:      model.LabelValue(vm.Location),
 				azureLabelMachineResourceGroup: model.LabelValue(r.ResourceGroup),
+				azureLabelMachineSize:          model.LabelValue(vm.Size),
 			}
 
 			if vm.ScaleSet != "" {
@@ -514,6 +517,7 @@ func mapFromVM(vm compute.VirtualMachine) virtualMachine {
 	tags := map[string]*string{}
 	networkInterfaces := []string{}
 	var computerName string
+	var size string
 
 	if vm.Tags != nil {
 		tags = vm.Tags
@@ -525,11 +529,14 @@ func mapFromVM(vm compute.VirtualMachine) virtualMachine {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if vm.VirtualMachineProperties != nil &&
-		vm.VirtualMachineProperties.OsProfile != nil &&
-		vm.VirtualMachineProperties.OsProfile.ComputerName != nil {
+	if vm.VirtualMachineProperties != nil {
+		if vm.VirtualMachineProperties.OsProfile != nil && vm.VirtualMachineProperties.OsProfile.ComputerName != nil {
 			computerName = *(vm.VirtualMachineProperties.OsProfile.ComputerName)
 		}
+		if vm.VirtualMachineProperties.HardwareProfile != nil {
+			size = string(vm.VirtualMachineProperties.HardwareProfile.VMSize)
+		}
+	}
 
 	return virtualMachine{
 		ID:                *(vm.ID),
@@ -541,6 +548,7 @@ func mapFromVM(vm compute.VirtualMachine) virtualMachine {
 		ScaleSet:          "",
 		Tags:              tags,
 		NetworkInterfaces: networkInterfaces,
+		Size:              size,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -549,6 +557,7 @@ func mapFromVMScaleSetVM(vm compute.VirtualMachineScaleSetVM, scaleSetName strin
 	tags := map[string]*string{}
 	networkInterfaces := []string{}
 	var computerName string
+	var size string
 
 	if vm.Tags != nil {
 		tags = vm.Tags
@@ -560,9 +569,14 @@ func mapFromVMScaleSetVM(vm compute.VirtualMachineScaleSetVM, scaleSetName strin
 		}
 	}
 
-	if vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties != nil && vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties.OsProfile != nil {
+	if vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties != nil {
+		if vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties.OsProfile != nil && vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties.OsProfile.ComputerName != nil {
 			computerName = *(vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties.OsProfile.ComputerName)
 		}
+		if vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties.HardwareProfile != nil {
+			size = string(vm.VirtualMachineScaleSetVMProperties.HardwareProfile.VMSize)
+		}
+	}
 
 	return virtualMachine{
 		ID:                *(vm.ID),
@@ -574,6 +588,7 @@ func mapFromVMScaleSetVM(vm compute.VirtualMachineScaleSetVM, scaleSetName strin
 		ScaleSet:          scaleSetName,
 		Tags:              tags,
 		NetworkInterfaces: networkInterfaces,
+		Size:              size,
 	}
 }
 

discovery/azure/azure_test.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 func TestMapFromVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 	id := "test"
 	name := "name"
+	size := "size"
 	vmType := "type"
 	location := "westeurope"
 	computerName := "computer_name"
@@ -44,6 +45,9 @@ func TestMapFromVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		NetworkProfile: &networkProfile,
+		HardwareProfile: &compute.HardwareProfile{
+			VMSize: compute.VirtualMachineSizeTypes(size),
+		},
 	}
 
 	testVM := compute.VirtualMachine{
@@ -64,6 +68,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 		OsType:            "Linux",
 		Tags:              map[string]*string{},
 		NetworkInterfaces: []string{},
+		Size:              size,
 	}
 
 	actualVM := mapFromVM(testVM)
@@ -74,6 +79,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMapFromVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 	id := "test"
 	name := "name"
+	size := "size"
 	vmType := "type"
 	location := "westeurope"
 	computerName := "computer_name"
@@ -93,6 +99,9 @@ func TestMapFromVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		NetworkProfile: &networkProfile,
+		HardwareProfile: &compute.HardwareProfile{
+			VMSize: compute.VirtualMachineSizeTypes(size),
+		},
 	}
 
 	testVM := compute.VirtualMachine{
@@ -113,6 +122,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 		OsType:            "Linux",
 		Tags:              tags,
 		NetworkInterfaces: []string{},
+		Size:              size,
 	}
 
 	actualVM := mapFromVM(testVM)
@@ -123,6 +133,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 	id := "test"
 	name := "name"
+	size := "size"
 	vmType := "type"
 	location := "westeurope"
 	computerName := "computer_name"
@@ -139,6 +150,9 @@ func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		NetworkProfile: &networkProfile,
+		HardwareProfile: &compute.HardwareProfile{
+			VMSize: compute.VirtualMachineSizeTypes(size),
+		},
 	}
 
 	testVM := compute.VirtualMachineScaleSetVM{
@@ -161,6 +175,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 		Tags:              map[string]*string{},
 		NetworkInterfaces: []string{},
 		ScaleSet:          scaleSet,
+		Size:              size,
 	}
 
 	actualVM := mapFromVMScaleSetVM(testVM, scaleSet)
@@ -171,6 +186,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithEmptyTags(t *testing.T) {
 func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 	id := "test"
 	name := "name"
+	size := "size"
 	vmType := "type"
 	location := "westeurope"
 	computerName := "computer_name"
@@ -190,6 +206,9 @@ func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 		},
 		NetworkProfile: &networkProfile,
+		HardwareProfile: &compute.HardwareProfile{
+			VMSize: compute.VirtualMachineSizeTypes(size),
+		},
 	}
 
 	testVM := compute.VirtualMachineScaleSetVM{
@@ -212,6 +231,7 @@ func TestMapFromVMScaleSetVMWithTags(t *testing.T) {
 		Tags:              tags,
 		NetworkInterfaces: []string{},
 		ScaleSet:          scaleSet,
+		Size:              size,
 	}
 
 	actualVM := mapFromVMScaleSetVM(testVM, scaleSet)

discovery/kubernetes/endpoints.go

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func NewEndpoints(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, node ca
 		queue:            workqueue.NewNamed("endpoints"),
 	}
 
-	e.endpointsInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err := e.endpointsInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			epAddCount.Inc()
 			e.enqueue(o)
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ func NewEndpoints(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, node ca
 			e.enqueue(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding endpoints event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 
 	serviceUpdate := func(o interface{}) {
 		svc, err := convertToService(o)
@@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ func NewEndpoints(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, node ca
 			level.Error(e.logger).Log("msg", "retrieving endpoints failed", "err", err)
 		}
 	}
-	e.serviceInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err = e.serviceInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		// TODO(fabxc): potentially remove add and delete event handlers. Those should
 		// be triggered via the endpoint handlers already.
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
@@ -122,8 +125,11 @@ func NewEndpoints(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, node ca
 			serviceUpdate(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding services event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 	if e.withNodeMetadata {
-		e.nodeInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+		_, err = e.nodeInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 			AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 				node := o.(*apiv1.Node)
 				e.enqueueNode(node.Name)
@@ -137,6 +143,9 @@ func NewEndpoints(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, node ca
 				e.enqueueNode(node.Name)
 			},
 		})
+		if err != nil {
+			level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding nodes event handler.", "err", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return e

discovery/kubernetes/endpointslice.go

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func NewEndpointSlice(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, nod
 		queue:              workqueue.NewNamed("endpointSlice"),
 	}
 
-	e.endpointSliceInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err := e.endpointSliceInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			epslAddCount.Inc()
 			e.enqueue(o)
@@ -87,6 +87,9 @@ func NewEndpointSlice(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, nod
 			e.enqueue(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding endpoint slices event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 
 	serviceUpdate := func(o interface{}) {
 		svc, err := convertToService(o)
@@ -109,7 +112,7 @@ func NewEndpointSlice(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, nod
 			}
 		}
 	}
-	e.serviceInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err = e.serviceInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			svcAddCount.Inc()
 			serviceUpdate(o)
@@ -123,9 +126,12 @@ func NewEndpointSlice(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, nod
 			serviceUpdate(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding services event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 
 	if e.withNodeMetadata {
-		e.nodeInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+		_, err = e.nodeInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 			AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 				node := o.(*apiv1.Node)
 				e.enqueueNode(node.Name)
@@ -139,6 +145,9 @@ func NewEndpointSlice(l log.Logger, eps cache.SharedIndexInformer, svc, pod, nod
 				e.enqueueNode(node.Name)
 			},
 		})
+		if err != nil {
+			level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding nodes event handler.", "err", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return e

discovery/kubernetes/ingress.go

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ type Ingress struct {
 // NewIngress returns a new ingress discovery.
 func NewIngress(l log.Logger, inf cache.SharedInformer) *Ingress {
 	s := &Ingress{logger: l, informer: inf, store: inf.GetStore(), queue: workqueue.NewNamed("ingress")}
-	s.informer.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err := s.informer.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			ingressAddCount.Inc()
 			s.enqueue(o)
@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ func NewIngress(l log.Logger, inf cache.SharedInformer) *Ingress {
 			s.enqueue(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding ingresses event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 	return s
 }
 

discovery/kubernetes/kubernetes.go

@@ -382,7 +382,8 @@ func mapSelector(rawSelector []SelectorConfig) roleSelector {
 	return rs
 }
 
-const resyncPeriod = 10 * time.Minute
+// Disable the informer's resync, which just periodically resends already processed updates and distort SD metrics.
+const resyncDisabled = 0
 
 // Run implements the discoverer interface.
 func (d *Discovery) Run(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- []*targetgroup.Group) {
@@ -475,8 +476,8 @@ func (d *Discovery) Run(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- []*targetgroup.Group) {
 			eps := NewEndpointSlice(
 				log.With(d.logger, "role", "endpointslice"),
 				informer,
-				cache.NewSharedInformer(slw, &apiv1.Service{}, resyncPeriod),
-				cache.NewSharedInformer(plw, &apiv1.Pod{}, resyncPeriod),
+				cache.NewSharedInformer(slw, &apiv1.Service{}, resyncDisabled),
+				cache.NewSharedInformer(plw, &apiv1.Pod{}, resyncDisabled),
 				nodeInf,
 			)
 			d.discoverers = append(d.discoverers, eps)
@@ -534,8 +535,8 @@ func (d *Discovery) Run(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- []*targetgroup.Group) {
 			eps := NewEndpoints(
 				log.With(d.logger, "role", "endpoint"),
 				d.newEndpointsByNodeInformer(elw),
-				cache.NewSharedInformer(slw, &apiv1.Service{}, resyncPeriod),
-				cache.NewSharedInformer(plw, &apiv1.Pod{}, resyncPeriod),
+				cache.NewSharedInformer(slw, &apiv1.Service{}, resyncDisabled),
+				cache.NewSharedInformer(plw, &apiv1.Pod{}, resyncDisabled),
 				nodeInf,
 			)
 			d.discoverers = append(d.discoverers, eps)
@@ -589,7 +590,7 @@ func (d *Discovery) Run(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- []*targetgroup.Group) {
 			}
 			svc := NewService(
 				log.With(d.logger, "role", "service"),
-				cache.NewSharedInformer(slw, &apiv1.Service{}, resyncPeriod),
+				cache.NewSharedInformer(slw, &apiv1.Service{}, resyncDisabled),
 			)
 			d.discoverers = append(d.discoverers, svc)
 			go svc.informer.Run(ctx.Done())
@@ -627,7 +628,7 @@ func (d *Discovery) Run(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- []*targetgroup.Group) {
 						return i.Watch(ctx, options)
 					},
 				}
-				informer = cache.NewSharedInformer(ilw, &networkv1.Ingress{}, resyncPeriod)
+				informer = cache.NewSharedInformer(ilw, &networkv1.Ingress{}, resyncDisabled)
 			} else {
 				i := d.client.NetworkingV1beta1().Ingresses(namespace)
 				ilw := &cache.ListWatch{
@@ -642,7 +643,7 @@ func (d *Discovery) Run(ctx context.Context, ch chan<- []*targetgroup.Group) {
 						return i.Watch(ctx, options)
 					},
 				}
-				informer = cache.NewSharedInformer(ilw, &v1beta1.Ingress{}, resyncPeriod)
+				informer = cache.NewSharedInformer(ilw, &v1beta1.Ingress{}, resyncDisabled)
 			}
 			ingress := NewIngress(
 				log.With(d.logger, "role", "ingress"),
@@ -732,7 +733,7 @@ func (d *Discovery) newNodeInformer(ctx context.Context) cache.SharedInformer {
 			return d.client.CoreV1().Nodes().Watch(ctx, options)
 		},
 	}
-	return cache.NewSharedInformer(nlw, &apiv1.Node{}, resyncPeriod)
+	return cache.NewSharedInformer(nlw, &apiv1.Node{}, resyncDisabled)
 }
 
 func (d *Discovery) newPodsByNodeInformer(plw *cache.ListWatch) cache.SharedIndexInformer {
@@ -747,13 +748,13 @@ func (d *Discovery) newPodsByNodeInformer(plw *cache.ListWatch) cache.SharedInde
 		}
 	}
 
-	return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &apiv1.Pod{}, resyncPeriod, indexers)
+	return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &apiv1.Pod{}, resyncDisabled, indexers)
 }
 
 func (d *Discovery) newEndpointsByNodeInformer(plw *cache.ListWatch) cache.SharedIndexInformer {
 	indexers := make(map[string]cache.IndexFunc)
 	if !d.attachMetadata.Node {
-		return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &apiv1.Endpoints{}, resyncPeriod, indexers)
+		return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &apiv1.Endpoints{}, resyncDisabled, indexers)
 	}
 
 	indexers[nodeIndex] = func(obj interface{}) ([]string, error) {
@@ -773,13 +774,13 @@ func (d *Discovery) newEndpointsByNodeInformer(plw *cache.ListWatch) cache.Share
 		return nodes, nil
 	}
 
-	return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &apiv1.Endpoints{}, resyncPeriod, indexers)
+	return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &apiv1.Endpoints{}, resyncDisabled, indexers)
 }
 
 func (d *Discovery) newEndpointSlicesByNodeInformer(plw *cache.ListWatch, object runtime.Object) cache.SharedIndexInformer {
 	indexers := make(map[string]cache.IndexFunc)
 	if !d.attachMetadata.Node {
-		cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &disv1.EndpointSlice{}, resyncPeriod, indexers)
+		cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, &disv1.EndpointSlice{}, resyncDisabled, indexers)
 	}
 
 	indexers[nodeIndex] = func(obj interface{}) ([]string, error) {
@@ -806,7 +807,7 @@ func (d *Discovery) newEndpointSlicesByNodeInformer(plw *cache.ListWatch, object
 		return nodes, nil
 	}
 
-	return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, object, resyncPeriod, indexers)
+	return cache.NewSharedIndexInformer(plw, object, resyncDisabled, indexers)
 }
 
 func checkDiscoveryV1Supported(client kubernetes.Interface) (bool, error) {

discovery/kubernetes/node.go

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func NewNode(l log.Logger, inf cache.SharedInformer) *Node {
 		l = log.NewNopLogger()
 	}
 	n := &Node{logger: l, informer: inf, store: inf.GetStore(), queue: workqueue.NewNamed("node")}
-	n.informer.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err := n.informer.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			nodeAddCount.Inc()
 			n.enqueue(o)
@@ -69,6 +69,9 @@ func NewNode(l log.Logger, inf cache.SharedInformer) *Node {
 			n.enqueue(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding nodes event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 	return n
 }
 

discovery/kubernetes/pod.go

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func NewPod(l log.Logger, pods cache.SharedIndexInformer, nodes cache.SharedInfo
 		logger:           l,
 		queue:            workqueue.NewNamed("pod"),
 	}
-	p.podInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err := p.podInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			podAddCount.Inc()
 			p.enqueue(o)
@@ -79,9 +79,12 @@ func NewPod(l log.Logger, pods cache.SharedIndexInformer, nodes cache.SharedInfo
 			p.enqueue(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding pods event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 
 	if p.withNodeMetadata {
-		p.nodeInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+		_, err = p.nodeInf.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 			AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 				node := o.(*apiv1.Node)
 				p.enqueuePodsForNode(node.Name)
@@ -95,6 +98,9 @@ func NewPod(l log.Logger, pods cache.SharedIndexInformer, nodes cache.SharedInfo
 				p.enqueuePodsForNode(node.Name)
 			},
 		})
+		if err != nil {
+			level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding pods event handler.", "err", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return p

discovery/kubernetes/service.go

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func NewService(l log.Logger, inf cache.SharedInformer) *Service {
 		l = log.NewNopLogger()
 	}
 	s := &Service{logger: l, informer: inf, store: inf.GetStore(), queue: workqueue.NewNamed("service")}
-	s.informer.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
+	_, err := s.informer.AddEventHandler(cache.ResourceEventHandlerFuncs{
 		AddFunc: func(o interface{}) {
 			svcAddCount.Inc()
 			s.enqueue(o)
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@ func NewService(l log.Logger, inf cache.SharedInformer) *Service {
 			s.enqueue(o)
 		},
 	})
+	if err != nil {
+		level.Error(l).Log("msg", "Error adding services event handler.", "err", err)
+	}
 	return s
 }
 

docs/configuration/configuration.md

@@ -208,6 +208,10 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
+
 
 # List of Azure service discovery configurations.
 azure_sd_configs:
@@ -389,6 +393,11 @@ A `tls_config` allows configuring TLS connections.
 # If unset, Prometheus will use Go default minimum version, which is TLS 1.2.
 # See MinVersion in https://pkg.go.dev/crypto/tls#Config.
 [ min_version: <string> ]
+# Maximum acceptable TLS version. Accepted values: TLS10 (TLS 1.0), TLS11 (TLS
+# 1.1), TLS12 (TLS 1.2), TLS13 (TLS 1.3).
+# If unset, Prometheus will use Go default maximum version, which is TLS 1.3.
+# See MaxVersion in https://pkg.go.dev/crypto/tls#Config.
+[ max_version: <string> ]
 ```
 
 ### `<oauth2>`
@@ -422,6 +431,9 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 ```
 
 ### `<azure_sd_config>`
@@ -440,6 +452,7 @@ The following meta labels are available on targets during [relabeling](#relabel_
 * `__meta_azure_machine_resource_group`: the machine's resource group
 * `__meta_azure_machine_tag_<tagname>`: each tag value of the machine
 * `__meta_azure_machine_scale_set`: the name of the scale set which the vm is part of (this value is only set if you are using a [scale set](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/virtual-machine-scale-sets/))
+* `__meta_azure_machine_size`: the machine size
 * `__meta_azure_subscription_id`: the subscription ID
 * `__meta_azure_tenant_id`: the tenant ID
 
@@ -500,6 +513,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -602,6 +618,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -680,6 +699,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -729,6 +751,9 @@ host: <string>
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # TLS configuration.
 tls_config:
@@ -895,6 +920,9 @@ host: <string>
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # TLS configuration.
 tls_config:
@@ -1064,6 +1092,48 @@ See below for the configuration options for EC2 discovery:
 filters:
   [ - name: <string>
       values: <string>, [...] ]
+
+# Authentication information used to authenticate to the EC2 API.
+# Note that `basic_auth`, `authorization` and `oauth2` options are
+# mutually exclusive.
+# `password` and `password_file` are mutually exclusive.
+
+# Optional HTTP basic authentication information, currently not supported by AWS.
+basic_auth:
+  [ username: <string> ]
+  [ password: <secret> ]
+  [ password_file: <string> ]
+
+# Optional `Authorization` header configuration, currently not supported by AWS.
+authorization:
+  # Sets the authentication type.
+  [ type: <string> | default: Bearer ]
+  # Sets the credentials. It is mutually exclusive with
+  # `credentials_file`.
+  [ credentials: <secret> ]
+  # Sets the credentials to the credentials read from the configured file.
+  # It is mutuall exclusive with `credentials`.
+  [ credentials_file: <filename> ]
+
+# Optional OAuth 2.0 configuration, currently not supported by AWS.
+oauth2:
+  [ <oauth2> ]
+
+# Optional proxy URL.
+[ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
+
+# Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
+[ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
+
+# Whether to enable HTTP2.
+[ enable_http2: <bool> | default: true ]
+
+# TLS configuration.
+tls_config:
+  [ <tls_config> ]
 ```
 
 The [relabeling phase](#relabel_config) is the preferred and more powerful
@@ -1320,6 +1390,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -1528,6 +1601,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -1613,6 +1689,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -1687,6 +1766,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -1900,6 +1982,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -1977,6 +2062,9 @@ server: <string>
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # TLS configuration.
 tls_config:
@@ -2066,6 +2154,48 @@ See below for the configuration options for Lightsail discovery:
 # The port to scrape metrics from. If using the public IP address, this must
 # instead be specified in the relabeling rule.
 [ port: <int> | default = 80 ]
+
+# Authentication information used to authenticate to the Lightsail API.
+# Note that `basic_auth`, `authorization` and `oauth2` options are
+# mutually exclusive.
+# `password` and `password_file` are mutually exclusive.
+
+# Optional HTTP basic authentication information, currently not supported by AWS.
+basic_auth:
+  [ username: <string> ]
+  [ password: <secret> ]
+  [ password_file: <string> ]
+
+# Optional `Authorization` header configuration, currently not supported by AWS.
+authorization:
+  # Sets the authentication type.
+  [ type: <string> | default: Bearer ]
+  # Sets the credentials. It is mutually exclusive with
+  # `credentials_file`.
+  [ credentials: <secret> ]
+  # Sets the credentials to the credentials read from the configured file.
+  # It is mutuall exclusive with `credentials`.
+  [ credentials_file: <filename> ]
+
+# Optional OAuth 2.0 configuration, currently not supported by AWS.
+oauth2:
+  [ <oauth2> ]
+
+# Optional proxy URL.
+[ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
+
+# Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
+[ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
+
+# Whether to enable HTTP2.
+[ enable_http2: <bool> | default: true ]
+
+# TLS configuration.
+tls_config:
+  [ <tls_config> ]
 ```
 
 ### `<linode_sd_config>`
@@ -2128,6 +2258,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -2227,6 +2360,9 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 ```
 
 By default every app listed in Marathon will be scraped by Prometheus. If not all
@@ -2317,6 +2453,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -2494,6 +2633,9 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -2610,6 +2752,9 @@ tags_filter:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # TLS configuration.
 tls_config:
@@ -2677,6 +2822,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -2750,6 +2898,9 @@ oauth2:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -2943,6 +3094,9 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -3152,6 +3306,9 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]
@@ -3256,6 +3413,9 @@ tls_config:
 
 # Optional proxy URL.
 [ proxy_url: <string> ]
+# Specifies headers to send to proxies during CONNECT requests.
+[ proxy_connect_headers:
+  [ <string>: [<secret>, ...] ] ]
 
 # Configure whether HTTP requests follow HTTP 3xx redirects.
 [ follow_redirects: <boolean> | default = true ]

docs/configuration/recording_rules.md

@@ -132,6 +132,9 @@ annotations:
   [ <labelname>: <tmpl_string> ]
 ```
 
+See also the
+[best practices for naming metrics created by recording rules](https://prometheus.io/docs/practices/rules/#recording-rules).
+
 # Limiting alerts and series
 
 A limit for alerts produced by alerting rules and series produced recording rules

docs/configuration/unit_testing_rules.md

@@ -77,14 +77,17 @@ series: <string>
 # This uses expanding notation.
 # Expanding notation:
 #     'a+bxc' becomes 'a a+b a+(2*b) a+(3*b) … a+(c*b)'
+#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples incrementing by b.
 #     'a-bxc' becomes 'a a-b a-(2*b) a-(3*b) … a-(c*b)'
+#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples decrementing by b (or incrementing by negative b).
 # There are special values to indicate missing and stale samples:
 #    '_' represents a missing sample from scrape
 #    'stale' indicates a stale sample
 # Examples:
-#     1. '-2+4x3' becomes '-2 2 6 10'
-#     2. ' 1-2x4' becomes '1 -1 -3 -5 -7'
-#     3. ' 1 _x3 stale' becomes '1 _ _ _ stale'
+#     1. '-2+4x3' becomes '-2 2 6 10' - series starts at -2, then 3 further samples incrementing by 4.
+#     2. ' 1-2x4' becomes '1 -1 -3 -5 -7' - series starts at 1, then 4 further samples decrementing by 2.
+#     3. ' 1x4' becomes '1 1 1 1 1' - shorthand for '1+0x4', series starts at 1, then 4 further samples incrementing by 0.
+#     4. ' 1 _x3 stale' becomes '1 _ _ _ stale' - the missing sample cannot increment, so 3 missing samples are produced by the '_x3' expression.
 values: <string>
 ```
 

docs/querying/api.md

@@ -623,6 +623,38 @@ $ curl 'http://localhost:9090/api/v1/targets?state=active'
 }
 ```
 
+The `scrapePool` query parameter allows the caller to filter by scrape pool name.
+
+```json
+$ curl 'http://localhost:9090/api/v1/targets?scrapePool=node_exporter'
+{
+  "status": "success",
+  "data": {
+    "activeTargets": [
+      {
+        "discoveredLabels": {
+          "__address__": "127.0.0.1:9091",
+          "__metrics_path__": "/metrics",
+          "__scheme__": "http",
+          "job": "node_exporter"
+        },
+        "labels": {
+          "instance": "127.0.0.1:9091",
+          "job": "node_exporter"
+        },
+        "scrapePool": "node_exporter",
+        "scrapeUrl": "http://127.0.0.1:9091/metrics",
+        "globalUrl": "http://example-prometheus:9091/metrics",
+        "lastError": "",
+        "lastScrape": "2017-01-17T15:07:44.723715405+01:00",
+        "lastScrapeDuration": 50688943,
+        "health": "up"
+      }
+    ],
+    "droppedTargets": []
+  }
+}
+```
 
 ## Rules
 

docs/querying/remote_read_api.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ sort_rank: 7
 
 # Remote Read API
 
-This is not currently considered par of the stable API and is subject to change
+This is not currently considered part of the stable API and is subject to change
 even between non-major version releases of Prometheus.
 
 ## Format overview
@@ -65,8 +65,6 @@ Note: Names of query parameters that may be repeated end with `[]`.
 
 This API provides data read functionality from Prometheus. This interface expects [snappy](https://github.com/google/snappy) compression.
 The API definition is located [here](https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/master/prompb/remote.proto).
-/// Can you clarify what you mean by this?
-/// https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/pull/7266#discussion_r426456791 Can we talk a little bit how negotiation works of sampled vs streamed ?
 
 Request are made to the following endpoint.
 ```
@@ -74,12 +72,10 @@ Request are made to the following endpoint.
 ```
 
 ### Samples
-/// Does it return a message that includes a list, or does it return a list of raw samples?
 
 This returns a message that includes a list of raw samples.
 
 ### Streamed Chunks
-/// This is a little much detail, the relevant point is they're the internal implementation of the chunks.
 
 These streamed chunks utilize an XOR algorithm inspired by the [Gorilla](http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol8/p1816-teller.pdf)
 compression to encode the chunks. However, it provides resolution to the millisecond instead of to the second.

documentation/examples/remote_storage/go.mod

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/dennwc/varint v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.5.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.2.3 // indirect

documentation/examples/remote_storage/go.sum

@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSs
 github.com/dennwc/varint v1.0.0 h1:kGNFFSSw8ToIy3obO/kKr8U9GZYUAxQEVuix4zfDWzE=
 github.com/dennwc/varint v1.0.0/go.mod h1:hnItb35rvZvJrbTALZtY/iQfDs48JKRG1RPpgziApxA=
 github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.82.0 h1:lqAit46H1CqJGjh7LDbsamng/UMBME5rvmfH3Vb5Yy8=
-github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible h1:a5mlkVzth6W5A4fOsS3D2EO5BUmsJpcB+cRlLU7cSug=
+github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.1+incompatible h1:Q50tZOPR6T/hjNsyc9g8/syEs6bk8XXApsHjKukMl68=
+github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
 github.com/docker/docker v20.10.17+incompatible h1:JYCuMrWaVNophQTOrMMoSwudOVEfcegoZZrleKc1xwE=
 github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0 h1:El9xVISelRB7BuFusrZozjnkIM5YnzCViNKohAFqRJQ=
 github.com/docker/go-units v0.4.0 h1:3uh0PgVws3nIA0Q+MwDC8yjEPf9zjRfZZWXZYDct3Tw=

go.mod

@@ -7,15 +7,15 @@ require (
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest v0.11.28
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/adal v0.9.21
 	github.com/alecthomas/units v0.0.0-20211218093645-b94a6e3cc137
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.44.131
-	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.44.159
+	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0
 	github.com/dennwc/varint v1.0.0
 	github.com/dgryski/go-sip13 v0.0.0-20200911182023-62edffca9245
-	github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.89.0
+	github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.91.1
 	github.com/docker/docker v20.10.21+incompatible
 	github.com/edsrzf/mmap-go v1.1.0
 	github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.10.3
-	github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.8.0
+	github.com/envoyproxy/protoc-gen-validate v0.9.1
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.6.0
 	github.com/go-kit/log v0.2.1
 	github.com/go-logfmt/logfmt v0.5.1
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@ require (
 	github.com/go-zookeeper/zk v1.0.3
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2
 	github.com/golang/snappy v0.0.4
-	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20221102093814-76f304f74e5e
-	github.com/gophercloud/gophercloud v1.0.0
-	github.com/grafana/regexp v0.0.0-20221005093135-b4c2bcb0a4b6
+	github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20221212185716-aee1124e3a93
+	github.com/gophercloud/gophercloud v1.1.1
+	github.com/grafana/regexp v0.0.0-20221122212121-6b5c0a4cb7fd
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway v1.16.0
-	github.com/hashicorp/consul/api v1.15.3
-	github.com/hashicorp/nomad/api v0.0.0-20221102143410-8a95f1239005
-	github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go v1.35.3
+	github.com/hashicorp/consul/api v1.18.0
+	github.com/hashicorp/nomad/api v0.0.0-20221214074818-7dbbf6bc584d
+	github.com/hetznercloud/hcloud-go v1.39.0
 	github.com/ionos-cloud/sdk-go/v6 v6.1.3
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12
 	github.com/kolo/xmlrpc v0.0.0-20220921171641-a4b6fa1dd06b
@@ -41,53 +41,53 @@ require (
 	github.com/ovh/go-ovh v1.3.0
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1
 	github.com/prometheus/alertmanager v0.24.0
-	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.13.1
+	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.14.0
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.3.0
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.37.0
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.39.0
 	github.com/prometheus/common/assets v0.2.0
 	github.com/prometheus/common/sigv4 v0.1.0
-	github.com/prometheus/exporter-toolkit v0.8.1
-	github.com/scaleway/scaleway-sdk-go v1.0.0-beta.9
+	github.com/prometheus/exporter-toolkit v0.8.2
+	github.com/scaleway/scaleway-sdk-go v1.0.0-beta.10
 	github.com/shurcooL/httpfs v0.0.0-20190707220628-8d4bc4ba7749
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.1
 	github.com/vultr/govultr/v2 v2.17.2
-	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.36.4
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.11.1
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.11.1
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.11.1
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.11.1
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.11.1
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.11.1
+	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.37.0
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.11.2
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.11.2
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.11.2
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.11.2
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.11.2
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.11.2
 	go.uber.org/atomic v1.10.0
 	go.uber.org/automaxprocs v1.5.1
 	go.uber.org/goleak v1.2.0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.1.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.4.0
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.3.0
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/time v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.2.0
-	google.golang.org/api v0.102.0
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221027153422-115e99e71e1c
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.50.1
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.3.0
+	golang.org/x/time v0.3.0
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.4.0
+	google.golang.org/api v0.104.0
+	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221207170731-23e4bf6bdc37
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.51.0
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.1
 	gopkg.in/alecthomas/kingpin.v2 v2.2.6
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
-	k8s.io/api v0.25.3
-	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.25.3
-	k8s.io/client-go v0.25.3
+	k8s.io/api v0.26.0
+	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.26.0
+	k8s.io/client-go v0.26.0
 	k8s.io/klog v1.0.0
-	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.80.0
+	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.80.1
 )
 
 require (
-	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.1 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.4.0 // indirect
 )
 
 require (
-	cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.12.1 // indirect
+	cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest v14.2.0+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/date v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest/autorest/to v0.4.0 // indirect
@@ -95,30 +95,28 @@ require (
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest/logger v0.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Azure/go-autorest/tracing v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.5.1 // indirect
-	github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578 // indirect
 	github.com/alecthomas/template v0.0.0-20190718012654-fb15b899a751 // indirect
 	github.com/armon/go-metrics v0.3.10 // indirect
 	github.com/asaskevich/govalidator v0.0.0-20210307081110-f21760c49a8d // indirect
 	github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 // indirect
-	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.1.3 // indirect
+	github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20220314180256-7f1daf1720fc // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
-	github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.8.0 // indirect
+	github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/evanphx/json-patch v4.12.0+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/fatih/color v1.13.0 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.3 // indirect
 	github.com/ghodss/yaml v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/go-kit/kit v0.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-kit/kit v0.12.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/analysis v0.21.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/errors v0.20.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.19.5 // indirect
-	github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.19.6 // indirect
+	github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.20.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/loads v0.21.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/spec v0.20.4 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.21.1 // indirect
@@ -134,17 +132,17 @@ require (
 	github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/googleapis/gax-go/v2 v2.7.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.11.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/cronexpr v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v0.14.1 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v0.16.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-immutable-radix v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-retryablehttp v0.7.1 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-rootcerts v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru v0.5.4 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.9.7 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/serf v0.10.1 // indirect
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.12 // indirect
 	github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
@@ -153,7 +151,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.7.7 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.12 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 // indirect
-	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.2-0.20181231171920-c182affec369 // indirect
+	github.com/matttproud/golang_protobuf_extensions v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/term v0.0.0-20210619224110-3f7ff695adc6 // indirect
@@ -168,23 +166,22 @@ require (
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.8.1 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5 // indirect
 	go.mongodb.org/mongo-driver v1.10.2 // indirect
-	go.opencensus.io v0.23.0 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/internal/retry v1.11.1 // indirect
-	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.33.0 // indirect
+	go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/internal/retry v1.11.2 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.34.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.19.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221031165847-c99f073a8326
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/term v0.1.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.4.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221212164502-fae10dda9338
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.7.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/term v0.3.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.5.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/appengine v1.6.7 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c // indirect
 	gopkg.in/inf.v0 v0.9.1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.66.6 // indirect
 	gotest.tools/v3 v3.0.3 // indirect
-	k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20220803162953-67bda5d908f1 // indirect
-	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20220728103510-ee6ede2d64ed // indirect
-	sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20220713155537-f223a00ba0e2 // indirect
+	k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20221207184640-f3cff1453715 // indirect
+	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20221128185143-99ec85e7a448 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20221116044647-bc3834ca7abd // indirect
 	sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.2.3 // indirect
 	sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.3.0 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ cloud.google.com/go v0.34.0/go.mod h1:aQUYkXzVsufM+DwF1aE+0xfcU+56JwCaLick0ClmMT
 cloud.google.com/go v0.38.0/go.mod h1:990N+gfupTy94rShfmMCWGDn0LpTmnzTp2qbd1dvSRU=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.44.1/go.mod h1:iSa0KzasP4Uvy3f1mN/7PiObzGgflwredwwASm/v6AU=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.44.2/go.mod h1:60680Gw3Yr4ikxnPRS/oxxkBccT6SA1yMk63TGekxKY=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.44.3/go.mod h1:60680Gw3Yr4ikxnPRS/oxxkBccT6SA1yMk63TGekxKY=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.45.1/go.mod h1:RpBamKRgapWJb87xiFSdk4g1CME7QZg3uwTez+TSTjc=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.46.3/go.mod h1:a6bKKbmY7er1mI7TEI4lsAkts/mkhTSZK8w33B4RAg0=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.50.0/go.mod h1:r9sluTvynVuxRIOHXQEHMFffphuXHOMZMycpNR5e6To=
@@ -13,9 +12,6 @@ cloud.google.com/go v0.54.0/go.mod h1:1rq2OEkV3YMf6n/9ZvGWI3GWw0VoqH/1x2nd8Is/bP
 cloud.google.com/go v0.56.0/go.mod h1:jr7tqZxxKOVYizybht9+26Z/gUq7tiRzu+ACVAMbKVk=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.57.0/go.mod h1:oXiQ6Rzq3RAkkY7N6t3TcE6jE+CIBBbA36lwQ1JyzZs=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.65.0/go.mod h1:O5N8zS7uWy9vkA9vayVHs65eM1ubvY4h553ofrNHObY=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.72.0/go.mod h1:M+5Vjvlc2wnp6tjzE102Dw08nGShTscUx2nZMufOKPI=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.74.0/go.mod h1:VV1xSbzvo+9QJOxLDaJfTjx5e+MePCpCWwvftOeQmWk=
-cloud.google.com/go v0.75.0/go.mod h1:VGuuCn7PG0dwsd5XPVm2Mm3wlh3EL55/79EKB6hlPTY=
 cloud.google.com/go v0.105.0 h1:DNtEKRBAAzeS4KyIory52wWHuClNaXJ5x1F7xa4q+5Y=
 cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.0.1/go.mod h1:i/xbL2UlR5RvWAURpBYZTtm/cXjCha9lbfbpx4poX+o=
 cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.3.0/go.mod h1:PjpwJnslEMmckchkHFfq+HTD2DmtT67aNFKH1/VBDHE=
@@ -23,13 +19,13 @@ cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.4.0/go.mod h1:S8dzgnTigyfTmLBfrtrhyYhwRxG72rYxvf
 cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.5.0/go.mod h1:snEHRnqQbz117VIFhE8bmtwIDY80NLUZUMb4Nv6dBIg=
 cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.7.0/go.mod h1://okPTzCYNXSlb24MZs83e2Do+h+VXtc4gLoIoXIAPc=
 cloud.google.com/go/bigquery v1.8.0/go.mod h1:J5hqkt3O0uAFnINi6JXValWIb1v0goeZM77hZzJN/fQ=
-cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.12.1 h1:gKVJMEyqV5c/UnpzjjQbo3Rjvvqpr9B1DFSbJC4OXr0=
-cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.12.1/go.mod h1:e8yNOBcBONZU1vJKCvCoDw/4JQsA0dpM4x/6PIIOocU=
-cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.1 h1:efOwf5ymceDhK6PKMnnrTHP4pppY5L22mle96M1yP48=
-cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.1/go.mod h1:jgHgmJd2RKBGzXqF5LR2EZMGxBkeanZ9wwa75XHJgOM=
+cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.13.0 h1:AYrLkB8NPdDRslNp4Jxmzrhdr03fUAIDbiGFjLWowoU=
+cloud.google.com/go/compute v1.13.0/go.mod h1:5aPTS0cUNMIc1CE546K+Th6weJUNQErARyZtRXDJ8GE=
+cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.2 h1:aWKAjYaBaOSrpKl57+jnS/3fJRQnxL7TvR/u1VVbt6k=
+cloud.google.com/go/compute/metadata v0.2.2/go.mod h1:jgHgmJd2RKBGzXqF5LR2EZMGxBkeanZ9wwa75XHJgOM=
 cloud.google.com/go/datastore v1.0.0/go.mod h1:LXYbyblFSglQ5pkeyhO+Qmw7ukd3C+pD7TKLgZqpHYE=
 cloud.google.com/go/datastore v1.1.0/go.mod h1:umbIZjpQpHh4hmRpGhH4tLFup+FVzqBi1b3c64qFpCk=
-cloud.google.com/go/longrunning v0.1.1 h1:y50CXG4j0+qvEukslYFBCrzaXX0qpFbBzc3PchSu/LE=
+cloud.google.com/go/longrunning v0.3.0 h1:NjljC+FYPV3uh5/OwWT6pVU+doBqMg2x/rZlE+CamDs=
 cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.0.1/go.mod h1:R0Gpsv3s54REJCy4fxDixWD93lHJMoZTyQ2kNxGRt3I=
 cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.1.0/go.mod h1:EwwdRX2sKPjnvnqCa270oGRyludottCI76h+R3AArQw=
 cloud.google.com/go/pubsub v1.2.0/go.mod h1:jhfEVHT8odbXTkndysNHCcx0awwzvfOlguIAii9o8iA=
@@ -39,7 +35,6 @@ cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.5.0/go.mod h1:tpKbwo567HUNpVclU5sGELwQWBDZ8gh0Zeo
 cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.6.0/go.mod h1:N7U0C8pVQ/+NIKOBQyamJIeKQKkZ+mxpohlUTyfDhBk=
 cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.8.0/go.mod h1:Wv1Oy7z6Yz3DshWRJFhqM/UCfaWIRTdp0RXyy7KQOVs=
 cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.10.0/go.mod h1:FLPqc6j+Ki4BU591ie1oL6qBQGu2Bl/tZ9ullr3+Kg0=
-cloud.google.com/go/storage v1.14.0/go.mod h1:GrKmX003DSIwi9o29oFT7YDnHYwZoctc3fOKtUw0Xmo=
 dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go v65.0.0+incompatible h1:HzKLt3kIwMm4KeJYTdx9EbjRYTySD/t8i1Ee/W5EGXw=
 github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-go v65.0.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:9XXNKU+eRnpl9moKnB4QOLf1HestfXbmab5FXxiDBjc=
@@ -72,9 +67,7 @@ github.com/Knetic/govaluate v3.0.1-0.20171022003610-9aa49832a739+incompatible/go
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.5.1 h1:aPJp2QD7OOrhO5tQXqQoGSJc+DjDtWTGLOmNyAm6FgY=
 github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.5.1/go.mod h1:JPGBdM1cNvN/6ISo+n8V5iA4v8pBzdOpzfwIujj1a84=
 github.com/OneOfOne/xxhash v1.2.2/go.mod h1:HSdplMjZKSmBqAxg5vPj2TmRDmfkzw+cTzAElWljhcU=
-github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell v1.1.1 h1:WEQqlqaGbrPkxLJWfBwQmfEAE1Z7ONdDLqrN38tNFfI=
 github.com/PuerkitoBio/purell v1.1.1/go.mod h1:c11w/QuzBsJSee3cPx9rAFu61PvFxuPbtSwDGJws/X0=
-github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578 h1:d+Bc7a5rLufV/sSk/8dngufqelfh6jnri85riMAaF/M=
 github.com/PuerkitoBio/urlesc v0.0.0-20170810143723-de5bf2ad4578/go.mod h1:uGdkoq3SwY9Y+13GIhn11/XLaGBb4BfwItxLd5jeuXE=
 github.com/Shopify/sarama v1.19.0/go.mod h1:FVkBWblsNy7DGZRfXLU0O9RCGt5g3g3yEuWXgklEdEo=
 github.com/Shopify/toxiproxy v2.1.4+incompatible/go.mod h1:OXgGpZ6Cli1/URJOF1DMxUHB2q5Ap20/P/eIdh4G0pI=
@@ -105,8 +98,8 @@ github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go v1.13.3/go.mod h1:4UKl9IzQMoD+QF79YdCuzCwp8VbmG4VAQ
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.27.0/go.mod h1:KmX6BPdI08NWTb3/sm4ZGu5ShLoqVDhKgpiN924inxo=
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.38.35/go.mod h1:hcU610XS61/+aQV88ixoOzUoG7v3b31pl2zKMmprdro=
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.43.11/go.mod h1:y4AeaBuwd2Lk+GepC1E9v0qOiTws0MIWAX4oIKwKHZo=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.44.131 h1:kd61x79ax0vyiC/SZ9X1hKh8E0pt1BUOOcVBJEFhxkg=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.44.131/go.mod h1:aVsgQcEevwlmQ7qHE9I3h+dtQgpqhFB+i8Phjh7fkwI=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.44.159 h1:9odtuHAYQE9tQKyuX6ny1U1MHeH5/yzeCJi96g9H4DU=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go v1.44.159/go.mod h1:aVsgQcEevwlmQ7qHE9I3h+dtQgpqhFB+i8Phjh7fkwI=
 github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v0.18.0/go.mod h1:JWVYvqSMppoMJC0x5wdwiImzgXTI9FuZwxzkQq9wy+g=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v0.0.0-20180321164747-3a771d992973/go.mod h1:Dwedo/Wpr24TaqPxmxbtue+5NUziq4I4S80YR8gNf3Q=
 github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.0/go.mod h1:KWe93zE9D1o94FZ5RNwFwVgaQK1VOXiVxmqh+CedLV8=
@@ -116,14 +109,15 @@ github.com/bgentry/speakeasy v0.1.0/go.mod h1:+zsyZBPWlz7T6j88CTgSN5bM796AkVf0kB
 github.com/casbin/casbin/v2 v2.1.2/go.mod h1:YcPU1XXisHhLzuxH9coDNf2FbKpjGlbCg3n9yuLkIJQ=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.2.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:90ReRw6GdpyfrHakVjL/QHaoyV4aDUVVkXQJJJ3NXXM=
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.1.2/go.mod h1:scbssz8iZGpm3xbr14ovlUdkxfGXNInqkPWOWmG2CLw=
-github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.1.3 h1:cFAlzYUlVYDysBEH2T5hyJZMh3+5+WCBvSnK6Q8UtC4=
-github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.1.3/go.mod h1:scbssz8iZGpm3xbr14ovlUdkxfGXNInqkPWOWmG2CLw=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.0 h1:HN5dHm3WBOgndBH6E8V0q2jIYIR3s9yglV8k/+MN3u4=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v4 v4.2.0/go.mod h1:Y3VNntkOUPxTVeUxJ/G5vcM//AlwfmyYozVcomhLiZE=
 github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.2.1/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
 github.com/census-instrumentation/opencensus-proto v0.3.0/go.mod h1:f6KPmirojxKA12rnyqOA5BBL4O983OfeGPqjHWSTneU=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash v1.1.0/go.mod h1:XrSqR1VqqWfGrhpAt58auRo0WTKS1nRRg3ghfAqPWnc=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.1/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
-github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2 h1:YRXhKfTDauu4ajMg1TPgFO5jnlC2HCbmLXMcTG5cbYE=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0 h1:DC2CZ1Ep5Y4k3ZQ899DldepgrayRUGE6BBZ/cd9Cj44=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
 github.com/chzyer/logex v1.1.10/go.mod h1:+Ywpsq7O8HXn0nuIou7OrIPyXbp3wmkHB+jjWRnGsAI=
 github.com/chzyer/readline v0.0.0-20180603132655-2972be24d48e/go.mod h1:nSuG5e5PlCu98SY8svDHJxuZscDgtXS6KTTbou5AhLI=
 github.com/chzyer/test v0.0.0-20180213035817-a1ea475d72b1/go.mod h1:Q3SI9o4m/ZMnBNeIyt5eFwwo7qiLfzFZmjNmxjkiQlU=
@@ -132,7 +126,6 @@ github.com/circonus-labs/circonusllhist v0.1.3/go.mod h1:kMXHVDlOchFAehlya5ePtbp
 github.com/clbanning/x2j v0.0.0-20191024224557-825249438eec/go.mod h1:jMjuTZXRI4dUb/I5gc9Hdhagfvm9+RyrPryS/auMzxE=
 github.com/client9/misspell v0.3.4/go.mod h1:qj6jICC3Q7zFZvVWo7KLAzC3yx5G7kyvSDkc90ppPyw=
 github.com/cncf/udpa/go v0.0.0-20191209042840-269d4d468f6f/go.mod h1:M8M6+tZqaGXZJjfX53e64911xZQV5JYwmTeXPW+k8Sc=
-github.com/cncf/udpa/go v0.0.0-20200629203442-efcf912fb354/go.mod h1:WmhPx2Nbnhtbo57+VJT5O0JRkEi1Wbu0z5j0R8u5Hbk=
 github.com/cncf/udpa/go v0.0.0-20201120205902-5459f2c99403/go.mod h1:WmhPx2Nbnhtbo57+VJT5O0JRkEi1Wbu0z5j0R8u5Hbk=
 github.com/cncf/udpa/go v0.0.0-20210930031921-04548b0d99d4/go.mod h1:6pvJx4me5XPnfI9Z40ddWsdw2W/uZgQLFXToKeRcDiI=
 github.com/cncf/xds/go v0.0.0-20210312221358-fbca930ec8ed/go.mod h1:eXthEFrGJvWHgFFCl3hGmgk+/aYT6PnTQLykKQRLhEs=
@@ -160,11 +153,11 @@ github.com/dennwc/varint v1.0.0/go.mod h1:hnItb35rvZvJrbTALZtY/iQfDs48JKRG1RPpgz
 github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go v3.2.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:E3ru+11k8xSBh+hMPgOLZmtrrCbhqsmaPHjLKYnJCaQ=
 github.com/dgryski/go-sip13 v0.0.0-20200911182023-62edffca9245 h1:9cOfvEwjQxdwKuNDTQSaMKNRvwKwgZG+U4HrjeRKHso=
 github.com/dgryski/go-sip13 v0.0.0-20200911182023-62edffca9245/go.mod h1:vAd38F8PWV+bWy6jNmig1y/TA+kYO4g3RSRF0IAv0no=
-github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.89.0 h1:UL3Ii4qfk86m4qEKg2iSwop0puvgOCKvwzXvwArU05E=
-github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.89.0/go.mod h1:NRpFznZFvhHjBoqZAaOD3khVzsJ3EibzKqFL4R60dmA=
+github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.91.1 h1:1o30VOCu1aC6488qBd0SkQiBeAZ35RSTvLwCA1pQMhc=
+github.com/digitalocean/godo v1.91.1/go.mod h1:NRpFznZFvhHjBoqZAaOD3khVzsJ3EibzKqFL4R60dmA=
 github.com/dnaeon/go-vcr v1.2.0 h1:zHCHvJYTMh1N7xnV7zf1m1GPBF9Ad0Jk/whtQ1663qI=
-github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible h1:a5mlkVzth6W5A4fOsS3D2EO5BUmsJpcB+cRlLU7cSug=
-github.com/docker/distribution v2.7.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
+github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.1+incompatible h1:Q50tZOPR6T/hjNsyc9g8/syEs6bk8XXApsHjKukMl68=
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@@ -180,13 +173,12 @@ github.com/eapache/queue v1.1.0/go.mod h1:6eCeP0CKFpHLu8blIFXhExK/dRa7WDZfr6jVFP
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@@ -194,8 +186,8 @@ github.com/envoyproxy/go-control-plane v0.10.3 h1:xdCVXxEe0Y3FQith+0cj2irwZudqGY
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@@ -217,8 +209,9 @@ github.com/go-gl/glfw/v3.3/glfw v0.0.0-20191125211704-12ad95a8df72/go.mod h1:tQ2
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@@ -242,8 +235,9 @@ github.com/go-openapi/errors v0.20.2/go.mod h1:cM//ZKUKyO06HSwqAelJ5NsEMMcpa6VpX
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@@ -268,7 +262,6 @@ github.com/go-resty/resty/v2 v2.1.1-0.20191201195748-d7b97669fe48 h1:JVrqSeQfdhY
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@@ -372,7 +365,6 @@ github.com/google/gofuzz v1.2.0 h1:xRy4A+RhZaiKjJ1bPfwQ8sedCA+YS2YcCHW6ec7JMi0=
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@@ -380,11 +372,8 @@ github.com/google/pprof v0.0.0-20200212024743-f11f1df84d12/go.mod h1:ZgVRPoUq/hf
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@@ -395,11 +384,10 @@ github.com/googleapis/enterprise-certificate-proxy v0.2.0 h1:y8Yozv7SZtlU//QXbez
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@@ -407,8 +395,8 @@ github.com/gorilla/mux v1.7.3/go.mod h1:1lud6UwP+6orDFRuTfBEV8e9/aOM/c4fVVCaMa2z
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@@ -418,11 +406,11 @@ github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.7.0/go.mod h1:hgWBS7lorOAVIJEQMi4Zs
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@@ -433,18 +421,16 @@ github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 h1:035FKYIWjmULyFRBKPs8TBQoi0x6d9G4xc9n
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@@ -460,6 +446,8 @@ github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.1/go.mod h1:6SBZvOh/SIDV7/2o3Jml5SYk/TvGqwFJ/b
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@@ -469,21 +457,20 @@ github.com/hashicorp/logutils v1.0.0/go.mod h1:QIAnNjmIWmVIIkWDTG1z5v++HQmx9WQRO
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@@ -544,7 +531,6 @@ github.com/lightstep/lightstep-tracer-go v0.18.1/go.mod h1:jlF1pusYV4pidLvZ+XD0U
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@@ -570,8 +556,8 @@ github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 h1:yVuAays6BHfxijgZPzw+3Zlu5yQgKGP2/hcQbHb7S9
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@@ -629,9 +615,9 @@ github.com/olekukonko/tablewriter v0.0.0-20170122224234-a0225b3f23b5/go.mod h1:v
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@@ -663,7 +649,6 @@ github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 h1:FEBLx1zS214owpjy7qsBeixbURkuhQAwrK5UwLGTwt4=
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@@ -679,8 +664,8 @@ github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.4.0/go.mod h1:e9GMxYsXl05ICDXkRhurwBS4Q3O
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@@ -697,15 +682,15 @@ github.com/prometheus/common v0.10.0/go.mod h1:Tlit/dnDKsSWFlCLTWaA1cyBgKHSMdTB8
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@@ -727,11 +712,11 @@ github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQD
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 github.com/samuel/go-zookeeper v0.0.0-20190923202752-2cc03de413da/go.mod h1:gi+0XIa01GRL2eRQVjQkKGqKF3SF9vZR/HnPullcV2E=
-github.com/scaleway/scaleway-sdk-go v1.0.0-beta.9 h1:0roa6gXKgyta64uqh52AQG3wzZXH21unn+ltzQSXML0=
-github.com/scaleway/scaleway-sdk-go v1.0.0-beta.9/go.mod h1:fCa7OJZ/9DRTnOKmxvT6pn+LPWUptQAmHF/SBJUGEcg=
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 github.com/sean-/seed v0.0.0-20170313163322-e2103e2c3529 h1:nn5Wsu0esKSJiIVhscUtVbo7ada43DJhG55ua/hjS5I=
 github.com/sean-/seed v0.0.0-20170313163322-e2103e2c3529/go.mod h1:DxrIzT+xaE7yg65j358z/aeFdxmN0P9QXhEzd20vsDc=
-github.com/shoenig/test v0.4.3 h1:3+CjrpqCwtL08S0wZQilu9WWR/S2CdsLKhHjbJqPj/I=
+github.com/shoenig/test v0.4.6 h1:S1pAVs5L1TSRen3N1YQNtBZIh9Z6d1PyQSUDUweMTqk=
 github.com/shurcooL/httpfs v0.0.0-20190707220628-8d4bc4ba7749 h1:bUGsEnyNbVPw06Bs80sCeARAlK8lhwqGyi6UT8ymuGk=
 github.com/shurcooL/httpfs v0.0.0-20190707220628-8d4bc4ba7749/go.mod h1:ZY1cvUeJuFPAdZ/B6v7RHavJWZn2YPVFQ1OSXhCGOkg=
 github.com/shurcooL/sanitized_anchor_name v1.0.0/go.mod h1:1NzhyTcUVG4SuEtjjoZeVRXNmyL/1OwPU0+IJeTBvfc=
@@ -753,10 +738,8 @@ github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v1.6.4/go.mod h1:syvi0/a8iFYH4r/RixwvyeAJjdLS9
 github.com/soheilhy/cmux v0.1.4/go.mod h1:IM3LyeVVIOuxMH7sFAkER9+bJ4dT7Ms6E4xg4kGIyLM=
 github.com/sony/gobreaker v0.4.1/go.mod h1:ZKptC7FHNvhBz7dN2LGjPVBz2sZJmc0/PkyDJOjmxWY=
 github.com/spaolacci/murmur3 v0.0.0-20180118202830-f09979ecbc72/go.mod h1:JwIasOWyU6f++ZhiEuf87xNszmSA2myDM2Kzu9HwQUA=
-github.com/spf13/afero v1.2.2/go.mod h1:9ZxEEn6pIJ8Rxe320qSDBk6AsU0r9pR7Q4OcevTdifk=
 github.com/spf13/afero v1.3.3/go.mod h1:5KUK8ByomD5Ti5Artl0RtHeI5pTF7MIDuXL3yY520V4=
 github.com/spf13/afero v1.6.0/go.mod h1:Ai8FlHk4v/PARR026UzYexafAt9roJ7LcLMAmO6Z93I=
-github.com/spf13/afero v1.9.2/go.mod h1:iUV7ddyEEZPO5gA3zD4fJt6iStLlL+Lg4m2cihcDf8Y=
 github.com/spf13/cast v1.3.1/go.mod h1:Qx5cxh0v+4UWYiBimWS+eyWzqEqokIECu5etghLkUJE=
 github.com/spf13/cobra v0.0.3/go.mod h1:1l0Ry5zgKvJasoi3XT1TypsSe7PqH0Sj9dhYf7v3XqQ=
 github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.1/go.mod h1:DYY7MBk1bdzusC3SYhjObp+wFpr4gzcvqqNjLnInEg4=
@@ -820,27 +803,26 @@ go.opencensus.io v0.22.0/go.mod h1:+kGneAE2xo2IficOXnaByMWTGM9T73dGwxeWcUqIpI8=
 go.opencensus.io v0.22.2/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
 go.opencensus.io v0.22.3/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
 go.opencensus.io v0.22.4/go.mod h1:yxeiOL68Rb0Xd1ddK5vPZ/oVn4vY4Ynel7k9FzqtOIw=
-go.opencensus.io v0.22.5/go.mod h1:5pWMHQbX5EPX2/62yrJeAkowc+lfs/XD7Uxpq3pI6kk=
-go.opencensus.io v0.23.0 h1:gqCw0LfLxScz8irSi8exQc7fyQ0fKQU/qnC/X8+V/1M=
-go.opencensus.io v0.23.0/go.mod h1:XItmlyltB5F7CS4xOC1DcqMoFqwtC6OG2xF7mCv7P7E=
-go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.36.4 h1:aUEBEdCa6iamGzg6fuYxDA8ThxvOG240mAvWDU+XLio=
-go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.36.4/go.mod h1:l2MdsbKTocpPS5nQZscqTR9jd8u96VYZdcpF8Sye7mA=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.11.1 h1:4WLLAmcfkmDk2ukNXJyq3/kiz/3UzCaYq6PskJsaou4=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.11.1/go.mod h1:1nNhXBbWSD0nsL38H6btgnFN2k4i0sNLHNNMZMSbUGE=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/internal/retry v1.11.1 h1:X2GndnMCsUPh6CiY2a+frAbNsXaPLbB0soHRYhAZ5Ig=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/internal/retry v1.11.1/go.mod h1:i8vjiSzbiUC7wOQplijSXMYUpNM93DtlS5CbUT+C6oQ=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.11.1 h1:MEQNafcNCB0uQIti/oHgU7CZpUMYQ7qigBwMVKycHvc=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.11.1/go.mod h1:19O5I2U5iys38SsmT2uDJja/300woyzE1KPIQxEUBUc=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.11.1 h1:LYyG/f1W/jzAix16jbksJfMQFpOH/Ma6T639pVPMgfI=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.11.1/go.mod h1:QrRRQiY3kzAoYPNLP0W/Ikg0gR6V3LMc+ODSxr7yyvg=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.11.1 h1:tFl63cpAAcD9TOU6U8kZU7KyXuSRYAZlbx1C61aaB74=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.11.1/go.mod h1:X620Jww3RajCJXw/unA+8IRTgxkdS7pi+ZwK9b7KUJk=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.33.0 h1:xQAyl7uGEYvrLAiV/09iTJlp1pZnQ9Wl793qbVvED1E=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.33.0/go.mod h1:QlTYc+EnYNq/M2mNk1qDDMRLpqCOj2f/r5c7Fd5FYaI=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.11.1 h1:F7KmQgoHljhUuJyA+9BiU+EkJfyX5nVVF4wyzWZpKxs=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.11.1/go.mod h1:/l3FE4SupHJ12TduVjUkZtlfFqDCQJlOlithYrdktys=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.11.1 h1:ofxdnzsNrGBYXbP7t7zpUK281+go5rF7dvdIZXF8gdQ=
-go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.11.1/go.mod h1:f/Q9G7vzk5u91PhbmKbg1Qn0rzH1LJ4vbPHFGkTPtOk=
+go.opencensus.io v0.24.0 h1:y73uSU6J157QMP2kn2r30vwW1A2W2WFwSCGnAVxeaD0=
+go.opencensus.io v0.24.0/go.mod h1:vNK8G9p7aAivkbmorf4v+7Hgx+Zs0yY+0fOtgBfjQKo=
+go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.37.0 h1:yt2NKzK7Vyo6h0+X8BA4FpreZQTlVEIarnsBP/H5mzs=
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+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/internal/retry v1.11.2/go.mod h1:rqbht/LlhVBgn5+k3M5QK96K5Xb0DvXpMJ5SFQpY6uw=
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+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace v1.11.2/go.mod h1:5Qn6qvgkMsLDX+sYK64rHb1FPhpn0UtxF+ouX1uhyJE=
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+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracegrpc v1.11.2/go.mod h1:jWZUM2MWhWCJ9J9xVbRx7tzK1mXKpAlze4CeulycwVY=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.11.2 h1:Us8tbCmuN16zAnK5TC69AtODLycKbwnskQzaB6DfFhc=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/exporters/otlp/otlptrace/otlptracehttp v1.11.2/go.mod h1:GZWSQQky8AgdJj50r1KJm8oiQiIPaAX7uZCFQX9GzC8=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.34.0 h1:MCPoQxcg/26EuuJwpYN1mZTeCYAUGx8ABxfW07YkjP8=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/metric v0.34.0/go.mod h1:ZFuI4yQGNCupurTXCwkeD/zHBt+C2bR7bw5JqUm/AP8=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.11.2 h1:GF4JoaEx7iihdMFu30sOyRx52HDHOkl9xQ8SMqNXUiU=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/sdk v1.11.2/go.mod h1:wZ1WxImwpq+lVRo4vsmSOxdd+xwoUJ6rqyLc3SyX9aU=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.11.2 h1:Xf7hWSF2Glv0DE3MH7fBHvtpSBsjcBUe5MYAmZM/+y0=
+go.opentelemetry.io/otel/trace v1.11.2/go.mod h1:4N+yC7QEz7TTsG9BSRLNAa63eg5E06ObSbKPmxQ/pKA=
 go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.7.0/go.mod h1:PqfVotwruBrMGOCsRd/89rSnXhoiJIqeYNgFYFoEGnI=
 go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.15.0/go.mod h1:H7XAot3MsfNsj7EXtrA2q5xSNQ10UqI405h3+duxN4U=
 go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v0.19.0 h1:IVN6GR+mhC4s5yfcTbmzHYODqvWAp3ZedA2SJPI1Nnw=
@@ -872,13 +854,11 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20191011191535-87dc89f01550/go.mod h1:yigFU9vqHzYiE8U
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200302210943-78000ba7a073/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20200622213623-75b288015ac9/go.mod h1:LzIPMQfyMNhhGPhUkYOs5KpL4U8rLKemX1yGLhDgUto=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20201216223049-8b5274cf687f/go.mod h1:jdWPYTVW3xRLrWPugEBEK3UY2ZEsg3UU495nc5E+M+I=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210421170649-83a5a9bb288b/go.mod h1:T9bdIzuCu7OtxOm1hfPfRQxPLYneinmdGuTeoZ9dtd4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210616213533-5ff15b29337e/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20210921155107-089bfa567519/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20211108221036-ceb1ce70b4fa/go.mod h1:GvvjBRRGRdwPK5ydBHafDWAxML/pGHZbMvKqRZ5+Abc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20211202192323-5770296d904e/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220622213112-05595931fe9d/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220722155217-630584e8d5aa/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220829220503-c86fa9a7ed90/go.mod h1:IxCIyHEi3zRg3s0A5j5BB6A9Jmi73HwBIUl50j+osU4=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.1.0 h1:MDRAIl0xIo9Io2xV565hzXHw3zVseKrJKodhohM5CjU=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RecgLatLF4+eUMCP1PoPZQb+cVrJcOPbHkTkbkB9sbw=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
@@ -891,8 +871,8 @@ golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20191227195350-da58074b4299/go.mod h1:2RIsYlXP63K8oxa1u0
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20200119233911-0405dc783f0a/go.mod h1:2RIsYlXP63K8oxa1u096TMicItID8zy7Y6sNkU49FU4=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20200207192155-f17229e696bd/go.mod h1:J/WKrq2StrnmMY6+EHIKF9dgMWnmCNThgcyBT1FY9mM=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20200224162631-6cc2880d07d6/go.mod h1:3jZMyOhIsHpP37uCMkUooju7aAi5cS1Q23tOzKc+0MU=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221031165847-c99f073a8326 h1:QfTh0HpN6hlw6D3vu8DAwC8pBIwikq0AI1evdm+FksE=
-golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221031165847-c99f073a8326/go.mod h1:CxIveKay+FTh1D0yPZemJVgC/95VzuuOLq5Qi4xnoYc=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221212164502-fae10dda9338 h1:OvjRkcNHnf6/W5FZXSxODbxwD+X7fspczG7Jn/xQVD4=
+golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20221212164502-fae10dda9338/go.mod h1:CxIveKay+FTh1D0yPZemJVgC/95VzuuOLq5Qi4xnoYc=
 golang.org/x/image v0.0.0-20190227222117-0694c2d4d067/go.mod h1:kZ7UVZpmo3dzQBMxlp+ypCbDeSB+sBbTgSJuh5dn5js=
 golang.org/x/image v0.0.0-20190802002840-cff245a6509b/go.mod h1:FeLwcggjj3mMvU+oOTbSwawSJRM1uh48EjtB4UJZlP0=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20181026193005-c67002cb31c3/go.mod h1:UVdnD1Gm6xHRNCYTkRU2/jEulfH38KcIWyp/GAMgvoE=
@@ -905,7 +885,6 @@ golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20190930215403-16217165b5de/go.mod h1:6SW0HCj/g11FgYtHl
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20191125180803-fdd1cda4f05f/go.mod h1:5qLYkcX4OjUUV8bRuDixDT3tpyyb+LUpUlRWLxfhWrs=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20200130185559-910be7a94367/go.mod h1:3xt1FjdF8hUf6vQPIChWIBhFzV8gjjsPE/fR3IyQdNY=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20200302205851-738671d3881b/go.mod h1:3xt1FjdF8hUf6vQPIChWIBhFzV8gjjsPE/fR3IyQdNY=
-golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20201208152925-83fdc39ff7b5/go.mod h1:3xt1FjdF8hUf6vQPIChWIBhFzV8gjjsPE/fR3IyQdNY=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20210508222113-6edffad5e616 h1:VLliZ0d+/avPrXXH+OakdXhpJuEoBZuwh1m2j7U6Iug=
 golang.org/x/lint v0.0.0-20210508222113-6edffad5e616/go.mod h1:3xt1FjdF8hUf6vQPIChWIBhFzV8gjjsPE/fR3IyQdNY=
 golang.org/x/mobile v0.0.0-20190312151609-d3739f865fa6/go.mod h1:z+o9i4GpDbdi3rU15maQ/Ox0txvL9dWGYEHz965HBQE=
@@ -916,14 +895,12 @@ golang.org/x/mod v0.1.1-0.20191105210325-c90efee705ee/go.mod h1:QqPTAvyqsEbceGzB
 golang.org/x/mod v0.1.1-0.20191107180719-034126e5016b/go.mod h1:QqPTAvyqsEbceGzBzNggFXnrqF1CaUcvgkdR5Ot7KZg=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.2.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.3.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.4.0/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.4.1/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.4.2/go.mod h1:s0Qsj1ACt9ePp/hMypM3fl4fZqREWJwdYDEqhRiZZUA=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.5.0/go.mod h1:5OXOZSfqPIIbmVBIIKWRFfZjPR0E5r58TLhUjH0a2Ro=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.5.1/go.mod h1:5OXOZSfqPIIbmVBIIKWRFfZjPR0E5r58TLhUjH0a2Ro=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0-dev.0.20220419223038-86c51ed26bb4/go.mod h1:jJ57K6gSWd91VN4djpZkiMVwK6gcyfeH4XE8wZrZaV4=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0 h1:b9gGHsz9/HhJ3HF5DHQytPpuwocVTChQJK3AvoLRD5I=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.6.0/go.mod h1:4mET923SAdbXp2ki8ey+zGs1SLqsuM2Y0uvdZR/fUNI=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.7.0 h1:LapD9S96VoQRhi/GrNTqeBJFrUjs5UHCAtTlgwA5oZA=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.7.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180724234803-3673e40ba225/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180826012351-8a410e7b638d/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180906233101-161cd47e91fd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
@@ -959,10 +936,7 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200520182314-0ba52f642ac2/go.mod h1:qpuaurCH72eLCgpAm/
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20200625001655-4c5254603344/go.mod h1:/O7V0waA8r7cgGh81Ro3o1hOxt32SMVPicZroKQ2sZA=
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@@ -976,22 +950,18 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20211216030914-fe4d6282115f/go.mod h1:9nx3DQGgdP8bBQD5qx
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@@ -1053,20 +1023,14 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20200515095857-1151b9dac4a9/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7w
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@@ -1080,31 +1044,34 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220114195835-da31bd327af9/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBc
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 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20200804184101-5ec99f83aff1/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20220907171357-04be3eba64a2 h1:H2TDz8ibqkAF6YGhCdN3jS9O0/s90v0rJh3X/OLHEUk=
-golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20220907171357-04be3eba64a2/go.mod h1:K8+ghG5WaK9qNqU5K3HdILfMLy1f3aNYFI/wnl100a8=
 google.golang.org/api v0.3.1/go.mod h1:6wY9I6uQWHQ8EM57III9mq/AjF+i8G65rmVagqKMtkk=
 google.golang.org/api v0.4.0/go.mod h1:8k5glujaEP+g9n7WNsDg8QP6cUVNI86fCNMcbazEtwE=
 google.golang.org/api v0.7.0/go.mod h1:WtwebWUNSVBH/HAw79HIFXZNqEvBhG+Ra+ax0hx3E3M=
@@ -1191,11 +1150,8 @@ google.golang.org/api v0.20.0/go.mod h1:BwFmGc8tA3vsd7r/7kR8DY7iEEGSU04BFxCo5jP/
 google.golang.org/api v0.22.0/go.mod h1:BwFmGc8tA3vsd7r/7kR8DY7iEEGSU04BFxCo5jP/sfE=
 google.golang.org/api v0.24.0/go.mod h1:lIXQywCXRcnZPGlsd8NbLnOjtAoL6em04bJ9+z0MncE=
 google.golang.org/api v0.28.0/go.mod h1:lIXQywCXRcnZPGlsd8NbLnOjtAoL6em04bJ9+z0MncE=
-google.golang.org/api v0.35.0/go.mod h1:/XrVsuzM0rZmrsbjJutiuftIzeuTQcEeaYcSk/mQ1dg=
-google.golang.org/api v0.36.0/go.mod h1:+z5ficQTmoYpPn8LCUNVpK5I7hwkpjbcgqA7I34qYtE=
-google.golang.org/api v0.40.0/go.mod h1:fYKFpnQN0DsDSKRVRcQSDQNtqWPfM9i+zNPxepjRCQ8=
-google.golang.org/api v0.102.0 h1:JxJl2qQ85fRMPNvlZY/enexbxpCjLwGhZUtgfGeQ51I=
-google.golang.org/api v0.102.0/go.mod h1:3VFl6/fzoA+qNuS1N1/VfXY4LjoXN/wzeIp7TweWwGo=
+google.golang.org/api v0.104.0 h1:KBfmLRqdZEbwQleFlSLnzpQJwhjpmNOk4cKQIBDZ9mg=
+google.golang.org/api v0.104.0/go.mod h1:JCspTXJbBxa5ySXw4UgUqVer7DfVxbvc/CTUFqAED5U=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.1.0/go.mod h1:EbEs0AVv82hx2wNQdGPgUI5lhzA/G0D9YwlJXL52JkM=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.2.0/go.mod h1:xpcJRLb0r/rnEns0DIKYYv+WjYCduHsrkT7/EB5XEv4=
 google.golang.org/appengine v1.4.0/go.mod h1:xpcJRLb0r/rnEns0DIKYYv+WjYCduHsrkT7/EB5XEv4=
@@ -1234,18 +1190,11 @@ google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200515170657-fc4c6c6a6587/go.mod h1:YsZOwe1m
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200526211855-cb27e3aa2013/go.mod h1:NbSheEEYHJ7i3ixzK3sjbqSGDJWnxyFXZblF3eUsNvo=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200618031413-b414f8b61790/go.mod h1:jDfRM7FcilCzHH/e9qn6dsT145K34l5v+OpcnNgKAAA=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200825200019-8632dd797987/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20200904004341-0bd0a958aa1d/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20201019141844-1ed22bb0c154/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20201109203340-2640f1f9cdfb/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20201201144952-b05cb90ed32e/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20201210142538-e3217bee35cc/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20201214200347-8c77b98c765d/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20210108203827-ffc7fda8c3d7/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20210226172003-ab064af71705/go.mod h1:FWY/as6DDZQgahTzZj3fqbO1CbirC29ZNUFHwi0/+no=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20211118181313-81c1377c94b1/go.mod h1:5CzLGKJ67TSI2B9POpiiyGha0AjJvZIUgRMt1dSmuhc=
 google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20220329172620-7be39ac1afc7/go.mod h1:8w6bsBMX6yCPbAVTeqQHvzxW0EIFigd5lZyahWgyfDo=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221027153422-115e99e71e1c h1:QgY/XxIAIeccR+Ca/rDdKubLIU9rcJ3xfy1DC/Wd2Oo=
-google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221027153422-115e99e71e1c/go.mod h1:CGI5F/G+E5bKwmfYo09AXuVN4dD894kIKUFmVbP2/Fo=
+google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221207170731-23e4bf6bdc37 h1:jmIfw8+gSvXcZSgaFAGyInDXeWzUhvYH57G/5GKMn70=
+google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20221207170731-23e4bf6bdc37/go.mod h1:RGgjbofJ8xD9Sq1VVhDM1Vok1vRONV+rg+CjzG4SZKM=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.17.0/go.mod h1:6QZJwpn2B+Zp71q/5VxRsJ6NXXVCE5NRUHRo+f3cWCs=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.19.0/go.mod h1:mqu4LbDTu4XGKhr4mRzUsmM4RtVoemTSY81AxZiDr8c=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.20.0/go.mod h1:chYK+tFQF0nDUGJgXMSgLCQk3phJEuONr2DCgLDdAQM=
@@ -1262,17 +1211,14 @@ google.golang.org/grpc v1.27.1/go.mod h1:qbnxyOmOxrQa7FizSgH+ReBfzJrCY1pSN7KXBS8
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.28.0/go.mod h1:rpkK4SK4GF4Ach/+MFLZUBavHOvF2JJB5uozKKal+60=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.29.1/go.mod h1:itym6AZVZYACWQqET3MqgPpjcuV5QH3BxFS3IjizoKk=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.31.0/go.mod h1:N36X2cJ7JwdamYAgDz+s+rVMFjt3numwzf/HckM8pak=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.31.1/go.mod h1:N36X2cJ7JwdamYAgDz+s+rVMFjt3numwzf/HckM8pak=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.33.1/go.mod h1:fr5YgcSWrqhRRxogOsw7RzIpsmvOZ6IcH4kBYTpR3n0=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.33.2/go.mod h1:JMHMWHQWaTccqQQlmk3MJZS+GWXOdAesneDmEnv2fbc=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.34.0/go.mod h1:WotjhfgOW/POjDeRt8vscBtXq+2VjORFy659qA51WJ8=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.35.0/go.mod h1:qjiiYl8FncCW8feJPdyg3v6XW24KsRHe+dy9BAGRRjU=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.36.0/go.mod h1:qjiiYl8FncCW8feJPdyg3v6XW24KsRHe+dy9BAGRRjU=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.40.0/go.mod h1:ogyxbiOoUXAkP+4+xa6PZSE9DZgIHtSpzjDTB9KAK34=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.42.0/go.mod h1:k+4IHHFw41K8+bbowsex27ge2rCb65oeWqe4jJ590SU=
 google.golang.org/grpc v1.45.0/go.mod h1:lN7owxKUQEqMfSyQikvvk5tf/6zMPsrK+ONuO11+0rQ=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.50.1 h1:DS/BukOZWp8s6p4Dt/tOaJaTQyPyOoCcrjroHuCeLzY=
-google.golang.org/grpc v1.50.1/go.mod h1:ZgQEeidpAuNRZ8iRrlBKXZQP1ghovWIVhdJRyCDK+GI=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.51.0 h1:E1eGv1FTqoLIdnBCZufiSHgKjlqG6fKFf6pPWtMTh8U=
+google.golang.org/grpc v1.51.0/go.mod h1:wgNDFcnuBGmxLKI/qn4T+m5BtEBYXJPvibbUPsAIPww=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200109180630-ec00e32a8dfd/go.mod h1:DFci5gLYBciE7Vtevhsrf46CRTquxDuWsQurQQe4oz8=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200221191635-4d8936d0db64/go.mod h1:kwYJMbMJ01Woi6D6+Kah6886xMZcty6N08ah7+eCXa0=
 google.golang.org/protobuf v0.0.0-20200228230310-ab0ca4ff8a60/go.mod h1:cfTl7dwQJ+fmap5saPgwCLgHXTUD7jkjRqWcaiX5VyM=
@@ -1296,7 +1242,6 @@ gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20190902080502-41f04d3bba15/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20200227125254-8fa46927fb4f/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c h1:Hei/4ADfdWqJk1ZMxUNpqntNwaWcugrBjAiHlqqRiVk=
-gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c/go.mod h1:JHkPIbrfpd72SG/EVd6muEfDQjcINNoR0C8j2r3qZ4Q=
 gopkg.in/cheggaaa/pb.v1 v1.0.25/go.mod h1:V/YB90LKu/1FcN3WVnfiiE5oMCibMjukxqG/qStrOgw=
 gopkg.in/errgo.v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:hNsd1EY+bozCKY1Ytp96fpM3vjJbqLJn88ws8XvfDNI=
 gopkg.in/fsnotify.v1 v1.4.7/go.mod h1:Tz8NjZHkW78fSQdbUxIjBTcgA1z1m8ZHf0WmKUhAMys=
@@ -1337,21 +1282,21 @@ honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.0-20190523083050-ea95bdfd59fc/go.mod h1:rf3lG4BRIbNafJWh
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2019.2.3/go.mod h1:a3bituU0lyd329TUQxRnasdCoJDkEUEAqEt0JzvZhAg=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2020.1.3/go.mod h1:X/FiERA/W4tHapMX5mGpAtMSVEeEUOyHaw9vFzvIQ3k=
 honnef.co/go/tools v0.0.1-2020.1.4/go.mod h1:X/FiERA/W4tHapMX5mGpAtMSVEeEUOyHaw9vFzvIQ3k=
-k8s.io/api v0.25.3 h1:Q1v5UFfYe87vi5H7NU0p4RXC26PPMT8KOpr1TLQbCMQ=
-k8s.io/api v0.25.3/go.mod h1:o42gKscFrEVjHdQnyRenACrMtbuJsVdP+WVjqejfzmI=
-k8s.io/apimachinery v0.25.3 h1:7o9ium4uyUOM76t6aunP0nZuex7gDf8VGwkR5RcJnQc=
-k8s.io/apimachinery v0.25.3/go.mod h1:jaF9C/iPNM1FuLl7Zuy5b9v+n35HGSh6AQ4HYRkCqwo=
-k8s.io/client-go v0.25.3 h1:oB4Dyl8d6UbfDHD8Bv8evKylzs3BXzzufLiO27xuPs0=
-k8s.io/client-go v0.25.3/go.mod h1:t39LPczAIMwycjcXkVc+CB+PZV69jQuNx4um5ORDjQA=
-k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20220803162953-67bda5d908f1 h1:MQ8BAZPZlWk3S9K4a9NCkIFQtZShWqoha7snGixVgEA=
-k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20220803162953-67bda5d908f1/go.mod h1:C/N6wCaBHeBHkHUesQOQy2/MZqGgMAFPqGsGQLdbZBU=
-k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20220728103510-ee6ede2d64ed h1:jAne/RjBTyawwAy0utX5eqigAwz/lQhTmy+Hr/Cpue4=
-k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20220728103510-ee6ede2d64ed/go.mod h1:jPW/WVKK9YHAvNhRxK0md/EJ228hCsBRufyofKtW8HA=
+k8s.io/api v0.26.0 h1:IpPlZnxBpV1xl7TGk/X6lFtpgjgntCg8PJ+qrPHAC7I=
+k8s.io/api v0.26.0/go.mod h1:k6HDTaIFC8yn1i6pSClSqIwLABIcLV9l5Q4EcngKnQg=
+k8s.io/apimachinery v0.26.0 h1:1feANjElT7MvPqp0JT6F3Ss6TWDwmcjLypwoPpEf7zg=
+k8s.io/apimachinery v0.26.0/go.mod h1:tnPmbONNJ7ByJNz9+n9kMjNP8ON+1qoAIIC70lztu74=
+k8s.io/client-go v0.26.0 h1:lT1D3OfO+wIi9UFolCrifbjUUgu7CpLca0AD8ghRLI8=
+k8s.io/client-go v0.26.0/go.mod h1:I2Sh57A79EQsDmn7F7ASpmru1cceh3ocVT9KlX2jEZg=
+k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20221207184640-f3cff1453715 h1:tBEbstoM+K0FiBV5KGAKQ0kuvf54v/hwpldiJt69w1s=
+k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20221207184640-f3cff1453715/go.mod h1:+Axhij7bCpeqhklhUTe3xmOn6bWxolyZEeyaFpjGtl4=
+k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20221128185143-99ec85e7a448 h1:KTgPnR10d5zhztWptI952TNtt/4u5h3IzDXkdIMuo2Y=
+k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20221128185143-99ec85e7a448/go.mod h1:OLgZIPagt7ERELqWJFomSt595RzquPNLL48iOWgYOg0=
 rsc.io/binaryregexp v0.2.0/go.mod h1:qTv7/COck+e2FymRvadv62gMdZztPaShugOCi3I+8D8=
 rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.1.0/go.mod h1:yEA65RcK8LyAZtP9Kv3t0HmxON59tX3rD+tICJqUlj0=
 rsc.io/sampler v1.3.0/go.mod h1:T1hPZKmBbMNahiBKFy5HrXp6adAjACjK9JXDnKaTXpA=
-sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20220713155537-f223a00ba0e2 h1:iXTIw73aPyC+oRdyqqvVJuloN1p0AC/kzH07hu3NE+k=
-sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20220713155537-f223a00ba0e2/go.mod h1:B8JuhiUyNFVKdsE8h686QcCxMaH6HrOAZj4vswFpcB0=
+sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20221116044647-bc3834ca7abd h1:EDPBXCAspyGV4jQlpZSudPeMmr1bNJefnuqLsRAsHZo=
+sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20221116044647-bc3834ca7abd/go.mod h1:B8JuhiUyNFVKdsE8h686QcCxMaH6HrOAZj4vswFpcB0=
 sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.2.3 h1:PRbqxJClWWYMNV1dhaG4NsibJbArud9kFxnAMREiWFE=
 sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v4 v4.2.3/go.mod h1:qjx8mGObPmV2aSZepjQjbmb2ihdVs8cGKBraizNC69E=
 sigs.k8s.io/yaml v1.1.0/go.mod h1:UJmg0vDUVViEyp3mgSv9WPwZCDxu4rQW1olrI1uml+o=

model/histogram/float_histogram.go

@@ -244,6 +244,37 @@ func (h *FloatHistogram) Sub(other *FloatHistogram) *FloatHistogram {
 	return h
 }
 
+// Equals returns true if the given float histogram matches exactly.
+// Exact match is when there are no new buckets (even empty) and no missing buckets,
+// and all the bucket values match. Spans can have different empty length spans in between,
+// but they must represent the same bucket layout to match.
+func (h *FloatHistogram) Equals(h2 *FloatHistogram) bool {
+	if h2 == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if h.Schema != h2.Schema || h.ZeroThreshold != h2.ZeroThreshold ||
+		h.ZeroCount != h2.ZeroCount || h.Count != h2.Count || h.Sum != h2.Sum {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if !spansMatch(h.PositiveSpans, h2.PositiveSpans) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !spansMatch(h.NegativeSpans, h2.NegativeSpans) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if !bucketsMatch(h.PositiveBuckets, h2.PositiveBuckets) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if !bucketsMatch(h.NegativeBuckets, h2.NegativeBuckets) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
 // addBucket takes the "coordinates" of the last bucket that was handled and
 // adds the provided bucket after it. If a corresponding bucket exists, the
 // count is added. If not, the bucket is inserted. The updated slices and the

model/histogram/generic.go

@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@ type BucketCount interface {
 	float64 | uint64
 }
 
-// internalBucketCount is used internally by Histogram and FloatHistogram. The
+// InternalBucketCount is used internally by Histogram and FloatHistogram. The
 // difference to the BucketCount above is that Histogram internally uses deltas
 // between buckets rather than absolute counts (while FloatHistogram uses
 // absolute counts directly). Go type parameters don't allow type
 // specialization. Therefore, where special treatment of deltas between buckets
 // vs. absolute counts is important, this information has to be provided as a
 // separate boolean parameter "deltaBuckets"
-type internalBucketCount interface {
+type InternalBucketCount interface {
 	float64 | int64
 }
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ type BucketIterator[BC BucketCount] interface {
 // implementations, together with an implementation of the At method. This
 // iterator can be embedded in full implementations of BucketIterator to save on
 // code replication.
-type baseBucketIterator[BC BucketCount, IBC internalBucketCount] struct {
+type baseBucketIterator[BC BucketCount, IBC InternalBucketCount] struct {
 	schema  int32
 	spans   []Span
 	buckets []IBC
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (b baseBucketIterator[BC, IBC]) At() Bucket[BC] {
 // compactBuckets is a generic function used by both Histogram.Compact and
 // FloatHistogram.Compact. Set deltaBuckets to true if the provided buckets are
 // deltas. Set it to false if the buckets contain absolute counts.
-func compactBuckets[IBC internalBucketCount](buckets []IBC, spans []Span, maxEmptyBuckets int, deltaBuckets bool) ([]IBC, []Span) {
+func compactBuckets[IBC InternalBucketCount](buckets []IBC, spans []Span, maxEmptyBuckets int, deltaBuckets bool) ([]IBC, []Span) {
 	// Fast path: If there are no empty buckets AND no offset in any span is
 	// <= maxEmptyBuckets AND no span has length 0, there is nothing to do and we can return
 	// immediately. We check that first because it's cheap and presumably
@@ -327,6 +327,18 @@ func compactBuckets[IBC internalBucketCount](buckets []IBC, spans []Span, maxEmp
 	return buckets, spans
 }
 
+func bucketsMatch[IBC InternalBucketCount](b1, b2 []IBC) bool {
+	if len(b1) != len(b2) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i, b := range b1 {
+		if b != b2[i] {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
 func getBound(idx, schema int32) float64 {
 	// Here a bit of context about the behavior for the last bucket counting
 	// regular numbers (called simply "last bucket" below) and the bucket

model/histogram/histogram.go

@@ -250,18 +250,6 @@ func allEmptySpans(s []Span) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-func bucketsMatch(b1, b2 []int64) bool {
-	if len(b1) != len(b2) {
-		return false
-	}
-	for i, b := range b1 {
-		if b != b2[i] {
-			return false
-		}
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
 // Compact works like FloatHistogram.Compact. See there for detailed
 // explanations.
 func (h *Histogram) Compact(maxEmptyBuckets int) *Histogram {

model/histogram/histogram_test.go

@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ func TestHistogramToFloat(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, h.String(), fh.String())
 }
 
+// TestHistogramMatches tests both Histogram and FloatHistogram.
 func TestHistogramMatches(t *testing.T) {
 	h1 := Histogram{
 		Schema:        3,
@@ -430,14 +431,28 @@ func TestHistogramMatches(t *testing.T) {
 		NegativeBuckets: []int64{1, 2, -2, 1, -1, 0, 0},
 	}
 
+	equals := func(h1, h2 Histogram) {
+		require.True(t, h1.Equals(&h2))
+		require.True(t, h2.Equals(&h1))
+		h1f, h2f := h1.ToFloat(), h2.ToFloat()
+		require.True(t, h1f.Equals(h2f))
+		require.True(t, h2f.Equals(h1f))
+	}
+	notEquals := func(h1, h2 Histogram) {
+		require.False(t, h1.Equals(&h2))
+		require.False(t, h2.Equals(&h1))
+		h1f, h2f := h1.ToFloat(), h2.ToFloat()
+		require.False(t, h1f.Equals(h2f))
+		require.False(t, h2f.Equals(h1f))
+	}
+
 	h2 := h1.Copy()
-	require.True(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	equals(h1, *h2)
 
 	// Changed spans but same layout.
 	h2.PositiveSpans = append(h2.PositiveSpans, Span{Offset: 5})
 	h2.NegativeSpans = append(h2.NegativeSpans, Span{Offset: 2})
-	require.True(t, h1.Equals(h2))
-	require.True(t, h2.Equals(&h1))
+	equals(h1, *h2)
 	// Adding empty spans in between.
 	h2.PositiveSpans[1].Offset = 6
 	h2.PositiveSpans = []Span{
@@ -455,58 +470,57 @@ func TestHistogramMatches(t *testing.T) {
 		h2.NegativeSpans[1],
 		h2.NegativeSpans[2],
 	}
-	require.True(t, h1.Equals(h2))
-	require.True(t, h2.Equals(&h1))
+	equals(h1, *h2)
 
 	// All mismatches.
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(nil))
+	notEquals(h1, Histogram{})
 
 	h2.Schema = 1
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.Count++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.Sum++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.ZeroThreshold++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.ZeroCount++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	// Changing value of buckets.
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.PositiveBuckets[len(h2.PositiveBuckets)-1]++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.NegativeBuckets[len(h2.NegativeBuckets)-1]++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	// Changing bucket layout.
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.PositiveSpans[1].Offset++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.NegativeSpans[1].Offset++
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	// Adding an empty bucket.
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.PositiveSpans[0].Offset--
 	h2.PositiveSpans[0].Length++
 	h2.PositiveBuckets = append([]int64{0}, h2.PositiveBuckets...)
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.NegativeSpans[0].Offset--
 	h2.NegativeSpans[0].Length++
 	h2.NegativeBuckets = append([]int64{0}, h2.NegativeBuckets...)
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 
 	// Adding new bucket.
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
@@ -515,14 +529,14 @@ func TestHistogramMatches(t *testing.T) {
 		Length: 1,
 	})
 	h2.PositiveBuckets = append(h2.PositiveBuckets, 1)
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 	h2 = h1.Copy()
 	h2.NegativeSpans = append(h2.NegativeSpans, Span{
 		Offset: 1,
 		Length: 1,
 	})
 	h2.NegativeBuckets = append(h2.NegativeBuckets, 1)
-	require.False(t, h1.Equals(h2))
+	notEquals(h1, *h2)
 }
 
 func TestHistogramCompact(t *testing.T) {

model/labels/labels.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2"
+	"github.com/prometheus/common/model"
 )
 
 // Well-known label names used by Prometheus components.
@@ -134,6 +135,7 @@ func (ls Labels) MatchLabels(on bool, names ...string) Labels {
 }
 
 // Hash returns a hash value for the label set.
+// Note: the result is not guaranteed to be consistent across different runs of Prometheus.
 func (ls Labels) Hash() uint64 {
 	// Use xxhash.Sum64(b) for fast path as it's faster.
 	b := make([]byte, 0, 1024)
@@ -311,6 +313,19 @@ func (ls Labels) WithoutEmpty() Labels {
 	return ls
 }
 
+// IsValid checks if the metric name or label names are valid.
+func (ls Labels) IsValid() bool {
+	for _, l := range ls {
+		if l.Name == model.MetricNameLabel && !model.IsValidMetricName(model.LabelValue(l.Value)) {
+			return false
+		}
+		if !model.LabelName(l.Name).IsValid() || !model.LabelValue(l.Value).IsValid() {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
 // Equal returns whether the two label sets are equal.
 func Equal(ls, o Labels) bool {
 	if len(ls) != len(o) {
@@ -342,9 +357,7 @@ func EmptyLabels() Labels {
 // The caller has to guarantee that all label names are unique.
 func New(ls ...Label) Labels {
 	set := make(Labels, 0, len(ls))
-	for _, l := range ls {
-		set = append(set, l)
-	}
+	set = append(set, ls...)
 	sort.Sort(set)
 
 	return set
@@ -399,6 +412,49 @@ func Compare(a, b Labels) int {
 	return len(a) - len(b)
 }
 
+// Copy labels from b on top of whatever was in ls previously, reusing memory or expanding if needed.
+func (ls *Labels) CopyFrom(b Labels) {
+	(*ls) = append((*ls)[:0], b...)
+}
+
+// IsEmpty returns true if ls represents an empty set of labels.
+func (ls Labels) IsEmpty() bool {
+	return len(ls) == 0
+}
+
+// Range calls f on each label.
+func (ls Labels) Range(f func(l Label)) {
+	for _, l := range ls {
+		f(l)
+	}
+}
+
+// Validate calls f on each label. If f returns a non-nil error, then it returns that error cancelling the iteration.
+func (ls Labels) Validate(f func(l Label) error) error {
+	for _, l := range ls {
+		if err := f(l); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// InternStrings calls intern on every string value inside ls, replacing them with what it returns.
+func (ls *Labels) InternStrings(intern func(string) string) {
+	for i, l := range *ls {
+		(*ls)[i].Name = intern(l.Name)
+		(*ls)[i].Value = intern(l.Value)
+	}
+}
+
+// ReleaseStrings calls release on every string value inside ls.
+func (ls Labels) ReleaseStrings(release func(string)) {
+	for _, l := range ls {
+		release(l.Name)
+		release(l.Value)
+	}
+}
+
 // Builder allows modifying Labels.
 type Builder struct {
 	base Labels
@@ -455,7 +511,7 @@ Outer:
 	return b
 }
 
-// Set the name/value pair as a label.
+// Set the name/value pair as a label. A value of "" means delete that label.
 func (b *Builder) Set(n, v string) *Builder {
 	if v == "" {
 		// Empty labels are the same as missing labels.
@@ -510,3 +566,40 @@ Outer:
 	}
 	return res
 }
+
+// ScratchBuilder allows efficient construction of a Labels from scratch.
+type ScratchBuilder struct {
+	add Labels
+}
+
+// NewScratchBuilder creates a ScratchBuilder initialized for Labels with n entries.
+func NewScratchBuilder(n int) ScratchBuilder {
+	return ScratchBuilder{add: make([]Label, 0, n)}
+}
+
+func (b *ScratchBuilder) Reset() {
+	b.add = b.add[:0]
+}
+
+// Add a name/value pair.
+// Note if you Add the same name twice you will get a duplicate label, which is invalid.
+func (b *ScratchBuilder) Add(name, value string) {
+	b.add = append(b.add, Label{Name: name, Value: value})
+}
+
+// Sort the labels added so far by name.
+func (b *ScratchBuilder) Sort() {
+	sort.Sort(b.add)
+}
+
+// Asssign is for when you already have a Labels which you want this ScratchBuilder to return.
+func (b *ScratchBuilder) Assign(ls Labels) {
+	b.add = append(b.add[:0], ls...) // Copy on top of our slice, so we don't retain the input slice.
+}
+
+// Return the name/value pairs added so far as a Labels object.
+// Note: if you want them sorted, call Sort() first.
+func (b *ScratchBuilder) Labels() Labels {
+	// Copy the slice, so the next use of ScratchBuilder doesn't overwrite.
+	return append([]Label{}, b.add...)
+}

model/labels/labels_test.go

@@ -36,10 +36,6 @@ func TestLabels_String(t *testing.T) {
 			lables:   Labels{},
 			expected: "{}",
 		},
-		{
-			lables:   nil,
-			expected: "{}",
-		},
 	}
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		str := c.lables.String()
@@ -216,6 +212,62 @@ func TestLabels_WithoutEmpty(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestLabels_IsValid(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, test := range []struct {
+		input    Labels
+		expected bool
+	}{
+		{
+			input: FromStrings(
+				"__name__", "test",
+				"hostname", "localhost",
+				"job", "check",
+			),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			input: FromStrings(
+				"__name__", "test:ms",
+				"hostname_123", "localhost",
+				"_job", "check",
+			),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("__name__", "test-ms"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("__name__", "0zz"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("abc:xyz", "invalid"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("123abc", "invalid"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("中文abc", "invalid"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("invalid", "aa\xe2"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			input:    FromStrings("invalid", "\xF7\xBF\xBF\xBF"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run("", func(t *testing.T) {
+			require.Equal(t, test.expected, test.input.IsValid())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestLabels_Equal(t *testing.T) {
 	labels := FromStrings(
 		"aaa", "111",
@@ -260,18 +312,18 @@ func TestLabels_Equal(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestLabels_FromStrings(t *testing.T) {
 	labels := FromStrings("aaa", "111", "bbb", "222")
-	expected := Labels{
-		{
-			Name:  "aaa",
-			Value: "111",
-		},
-		{
-			Name:  "bbb",
-			Value: "222",
-		},
+	x := 0
+	labels.Range(func(l Label) {
+		switch x {
+		case 0:
+			require.Equal(t, Label{Name: "aaa", Value: "111"}, l, "unexpected value")
+		case 1:
+			require.Equal(t, Label{Name: "bbb", Value: "222"}, l, "unexpected value")
+		default:
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected labelset value %d: %v", x, l)
 		}
-
-	require.Equal(t, expected, labels, "unexpected labelset")
+		x++
+	})
 
 	require.Panics(t, func() { FromStrings("aaa", "111", "bbb") }) //nolint:staticcheck // Ignore SA5012, error is intentional test.
 }
@@ -483,7 +535,6 @@ func TestBuilder(t *testing.T) {
 			want: FromStrings("aaa", "111", "ccc", "333"),
 		},
 		{
-			base: nil,
 			set:  []Label{{"aaa", "111"}, {"bbb", "222"}, {"ccc", "333"}},
 			del:  []string{"bbb"},
 			want: FromStrings("aaa", "111", "ccc", "333"),
@@ -545,11 +596,49 @@ func TestBuilder(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestScratchBuilder(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, tcase := range []struct {
+		add  []Label
+		want Labels
+	}{
+		{
+			add:  []Label{},
+			want: EmptyLabels(),
+		},
+		{
+			add:  []Label{{"aaa", "111"}},
+			want: FromStrings("aaa", "111"),
+		},
+		{
+			add:  []Label{{"aaa", "111"}, {"bbb", "222"}, {"ccc", "333"}},
+			want: FromStrings("aaa", "111", "bbb", "222", "ccc", "333"),
+		},
+		{
+			add:  []Label{{"bbb", "222"}, {"aaa", "111"}, {"ccc", "333"}},
+			want: FromStrings("aaa", "111", "bbb", "222", "ccc", "333"),
+		},
+		{
+			add:  []Label{{"ddd", "444"}},
+			want: FromStrings("ddd", "444"),
+		},
+	} {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprint(i), func(t *testing.T) {
+			b := ScratchBuilder{}
+			for _, lbl := range tcase.add {
+				b.Add(lbl.Name, lbl.Value)
+			}
+			b.Sort()
+			require.Equal(t, tcase.want, b.Labels())
+			b.Assign(tcase.want)
+			require.Equal(t, tcase.want, b.Labels())
+		})
+	}
+}
+
 func TestLabels_Hash(t *testing.T) {
 	lbls := FromStrings("foo", "bar", "baz", "qux")
 	require.Equal(t, lbls.Hash(), lbls.Hash())
-	require.NotEqual(t, lbls.Hash(), Labels{lbls[1], lbls[0]}.Hash(), "unordered labels match.")
-	require.NotEqual(t, lbls.Hash(), Labels{lbls[0]}.Hash(), "different labels match.")
+	require.NotEqual(t, lbls.Hash(), FromStrings("foo", "bar").Hash(), "different labels match.")
 }
 
 var benchmarkLabelsResult uint64
@@ -567,7 +656,7 @@ func BenchmarkLabels_Hash(b *testing.B) {
 					// Label ~20B name, 50B value.
 					b.Set(fmt.Sprintf("abcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghij%d", i), fmt.Sprintf("abcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghij%d", i))
 				}
-				return b.Labels(nil)
+				return b.Labels(EmptyLabels())
 			}(),
 		},
 		{
@@ -578,7 +667,7 @@ func BenchmarkLabels_Hash(b *testing.B) {
 					// Label ~50B name, 50B value.
 					b.Set(fmt.Sprintf("abcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghij%d", i), fmt.Sprintf("abcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghijabcdefghij%d", i))
 				}
-				return b.Labels(nil)
+				return b.Labels(EmptyLabels())
 			}(),
 		},
 		{

model/labels/test_utils.go

@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ import (
 	"bufio"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -51,13 +50,14 @@ func ReadLabels(fn string, n int) ([]Labels, error) {
 	defer f.Close()
 
 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
+	b := ScratchBuilder{}
 
 	var mets []Labels
 	hashes := map[uint64]struct{}{}
 	i := 0
 
 	for scanner.Scan() && i < n {
-		m := make(Labels, 0, 10)
+		b.Reset()
 
 		r := strings.NewReplacer("\"", "", "{", "", "}", "")
 		s := r.Replace(scanner.Text())
@@ -65,10 +65,11 @@ func ReadLabels(fn string, n int) ([]Labels, error) {
 		labelChunks := strings.Split(s, ",")
 		for _, labelChunk := range labelChunks {
 			split := strings.Split(labelChunk, ":")
-			m = append(m, Label{Name: split[0], Value: split[1]})
+			b.Add(split[0], split[1])
 		}
 		// Order of the k/v labels matters, don't assume we'll always receive them already sorted.
-		sort.Sort(m)
+		b.Sort()
+		m := b.Labels()
 
 		h := m.Hash()
 		if _, ok := hashes[h]; ok {

model/relabel/relabel.go

@@ -203,20 +203,20 @@ func (re Regexp) String() string {
 
 // Process returns a relabeled copy of the given label set. The relabel configurations
 // are applied in order of input.
-// If a label set is dropped, nil is returned.
+// If a label set is dropped, EmptyLabels and false is returned.
 // May return the input labelSet modified.
-func Process(lbls labels.Labels, cfgs ...*Config) labels.Labels {
-	lb := labels.NewBuilder(nil)
+func Process(lbls labels.Labels, cfgs ...*Config) (ret labels.Labels, keep bool) {
+	lb := labels.NewBuilder(labels.EmptyLabels())
 	for _, cfg := range cfgs {
-		lbls = relabel(lbls, cfg, lb)
-		if lbls == nil {
-			return nil
+		lbls, keep = relabel(lbls, cfg, lb)
+		if !keep {
+			return labels.EmptyLabels(), false
 		}
 	}
-	return lbls
+	return lbls, true
 }
 
-func relabel(lset labels.Labels, cfg *Config, lb *labels.Builder) labels.Labels {
+func relabel(lset labels.Labels, cfg *Config, lb *labels.Builder) (ret labels.Labels, keep bool) {
 	var va [16]string
 	values := va[:0]
 	if len(cfg.SourceLabels) > cap(values) {
@@ -232,19 +232,19 @@ func relabel(lset labels.Labels, cfg *Config, lb *labels.Builder) labels.Labels
 	switch cfg.Action {
 	case Drop:
 		if cfg.Regex.MatchString(val) {
-			return nil
+			return labels.EmptyLabels(), false
 		}
 	case Keep:
 		if !cfg.Regex.MatchString(val) {
-			return nil
+			return labels.EmptyLabels(), false
 		}
 	case DropEqual:
 		if lset.Get(cfg.TargetLabel) == val {
-			return nil
+			return labels.EmptyLabels(), false
 		}
 	case KeepEqual:
 		if lset.Get(cfg.TargetLabel) != val {
-			return nil
+			return labels.EmptyLabels(), false
 		}
 	case Replace:
 		indexes := cfg.Regex.FindStringSubmatchIndex(val)
@@ -271,29 +271,29 @@ func relabel(lset labels.Labels, cfg *Config, lb *labels.Builder) labels.Labels
 		mod := sum64(md5.Sum([]byte(val))) % cfg.Modulus
 		lb.Set(cfg.TargetLabel, fmt.Sprintf("%d", mod))
 	case LabelMap:
-		for _, l := range lset {
+		lset.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			if cfg.Regex.MatchString(l.Name) {
 				res := cfg.Regex.ReplaceAllString(l.Name, cfg.Replacement)
 				lb.Set(res, l.Value)
 			}
-		}
+		})
 	case LabelDrop:
-		for _, l := range lset {
+		lset.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			if cfg.Regex.MatchString(l.Name) {
 				lb.Del(l.Name)
 			}
-		}
+		})
 	case LabelKeep:
-		for _, l := range lset {
+		lset.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			if !cfg.Regex.MatchString(l.Name) {
 				lb.Del(l.Name)
 			}
-		}
+		})
 	default:
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("relabel: unknown relabel action type %q", cfg.Action))
 	}
 
-	return lb.Labels(lset)
+	return lb.Labels(lset), true
 }
 
 // sum64 sums the md5 hash to an uint64.

model/relabel/relabel_test.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 		input   labels.Labels
 		relabel []*Config
 		output  labels.Labels
+		drop    bool
 	}{
 		{
 			input: labels.FromMap(map[string]string{
@@ -101,7 +102,7 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 					Action:       Replace,
 				},
 			},
-			output: nil,
+			drop: true,
 		},
 		{
 			input: labels.FromMap(map[string]string{
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 					Action:       Drop,
 				},
 			},
-			output: nil,
+			drop: true,
 		},
 		{
 			input: labels.FromMap(map[string]string{
@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 					Action:       Keep,
 				},
 			},
-			output: nil,
+			drop: true,
 		},
 		{
 			input: labels.FromMap(map[string]string{
@@ -483,7 +484,7 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 					TargetLabel:  "__port1",
 				},
 			},
-			output: nil,
+			drop: true,
 		},
 		{
 			input: labels.FromMap(map[string]string{
@@ -517,7 +518,7 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 					TargetLabel:  "__port2",
 				},
 			},
-			output: nil,
+			drop: true,
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -538,10 +539,13 @@ func TestRelabel(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		res := Process(test.input, test.relabel...)
+		res, keep := Process(test.input, test.relabel...)
+		require.Equal(t, !test.drop, keep)
+		if keep {
 			require.Equal(t, test.output, res)
 		}
 	}
+}
 
 func TestTargetLabelValidity(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
@@ -721,7 +725,7 @@ func BenchmarkRelabel(b *testing.B) {
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		b.Run(tt.name, func(b *testing.B) {
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				_ = Process(tt.lbls, tt.cfgs...)
+				_, _ = Process(tt.lbls, tt.cfgs...)
 			}
 		})
 	}

model/textparse/openmetricsparse.go

@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"math"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
@@ -82,6 +81,7 @@ func (l *openMetricsLexer) Error(es string) {
 // This is based on the working draft https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1KwV0mAXwwbvvifBvDKH_LU1YjyXE_wxCkHNoCGq1GX0/edit
 type OpenMetricsParser struct {
 	l       *openMetricsLexer
+	builder labels.ScratchBuilder
 	series  []byte
 	text    []byte
 	mtype   MetricType
@@ -158,14 +158,11 @@ func (p *OpenMetricsParser) Comment() []byte {
 // Metric writes the labels of the current sample into the passed labels.
 // It returns the string from which the metric was parsed.
 func (p *OpenMetricsParser) Metric(l *labels.Labels) string {
-	// Allocate the full immutable string immediately, so we just
-	// have to create references on it below.
+	// Copy the buffer to a string: this is only necessary for the return value.
 	s := string(p.series)
 
-	*l = append(*l, labels.Label{
-		Name:  labels.MetricName,
-		Value: s[:p.offsets[0]-p.start],
-	})
+	p.builder.Reset()
+	p.builder.Add(labels.MetricName, s[:p.offsets[0]-p.start])
 
 	for i := 1; i < len(p.offsets); i += 4 {
 		a := p.offsets[i] - p.start
@@ -173,16 +170,16 @@ func (p *OpenMetricsParser) Metric(l *labels.Labels) string {
 		c := p.offsets[i+2] - p.start
 		d := p.offsets[i+3] - p.start
 
+		value := s[c:d]
 		// Replacer causes allocations. Replace only when necessary.
 		if strings.IndexByte(s[c:d], byte('\\')) >= 0 {
-			*l = append(*l, labels.Label{Name: s[a:b], Value: lvalReplacer.Replace(s[c:d])})
-			continue
+			value = lvalReplacer.Replace(value)
 		}
-		*l = append(*l, labels.Label{Name: s[a:b], Value: s[c:d]})
+		p.builder.Add(s[a:b], value)
 	}
 
-	// Sort labels.
-	sort.Sort(*l)
+	p.builder.Sort()
+	*l = p.builder.Labels()
 
 	return s
 }
@@ -204,17 +201,18 @@ func (p *OpenMetricsParser) Exemplar(e *exemplar.Exemplar) bool {
 		e.Ts = p.exemplarTs
 	}
 
+	p.builder.Reset()
 	for i := 0; i < len(p.eOffsets); i += 4 {
 		a := p.eOffsets[i] - p.start
 		b := p.eOffsets[i+1] - p.start
 		c := p.eOffsets[i+2] - p.start
 		d := p.eOffsets[i+3] - p.start
 
-		e.Labels = append(e.Labels, labels.Label{Name: s[a:b], Value: s[c:d]})
+		p.builder.Add(s[a:b], s[c:d])
 	}
 
-	// Sort the labels.
-	sort.Sort(e.Labels)
+	p.builder.Sort()
+	e.Labels = p.builder.Labels()
 
 	return true
 }

model/textparse/openmetricsparse_test.go

@@ -246,7 +246,6 @@ foo_total 17.0 1520879607.789 # {xx="yy"} 5`
 				require.Equal(t, true, found)
 				require.Equal(t, *exp[i].e, e)
 			}
-			res = res[:0]
 
 		case EntryType:
 			m, typ := p.Type()

model/textparse/promparse.go

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"math"
-	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode/utf8"
@@ -144,6 +143,7 @@ func (l *promlexer) Error(es string) {
 // Prometheus text exposition format.
 type PromParser struct {
 	l       *promlexer
+	builder labels.ScratchBuilder
 	series  []byte
 	text    []byte
 	mtype   MetricType
@@ -212,14 +212,11 @@ func (p *PromParser) Comment() []byte {
 // Metric writes the labels of the current sample into the passed labels.
 // It returns the string from which the metric was parsed.
 func (p *PromParser) Metric(l *labels.Labels) string {
-	// Allocate the full immutable string immediately, so we just
-	// have to create references on it below.
+	// Copy the buffer to a string: this is only necessary for the return value.
 	s := string(p.series)
 
-	*l = append(*l, labels.Label{
-		Name:  labels.MetricName,
-		Value: s[:p.offsets[0]-p.start],
-	})
+	p.builder.Reset()
+	p.builder.Add(labels.MetricName, s[:p.offsets[0]-p.start])
 
 	for i := 1; i < len(p.offsets); i += 4 {
 		a := p.offsets[i] - p.start
@@ -227,16 +224,16 @@ func (p *PromParser) Metric(l *labels.Labels) string {
 		c := p.offsets[i+2] - p.start
 		d := p.offsets[i+3] - p.start
 
+		value := s[c:d]
 		// Replacer causes allocations. Replace only when necessary.
 		if strings.IndexByte(s[c:d], byte('\\')) >= 0 {
-			*l = append(*l, labels.Label{Name: s[a:b], Value: lvalReplacer.Replace(s[c:d])})
-			continue
+			value = lvalReplacer.Replace(value)
 		}
-		*l = append(*l, labels.Label{Name: s[a:b], Value: s[c:d]})
+		p.builder.Add(s[a:b], value)
 	}
 
-	// Sort labels to maintain the sorted labels invariant.
-	sort.Sort(*l)
+	p.builder.Sort()
+	*l = p.builder.Labels()
 
 	return s
 }
@@ -343,7 +340,7 @@ func (p *PromParser) Next() (Entry, error) {
 			t2 = p.nextToken()
 		}
 		if t2 != tValue {
-			return EntryInvalid, parseError("expected value after metric", t)
+			return EntryInvalid, parseError("expected value after metric", t2)
 		}
 		if p.val, err = parseFloat(yoloString(p.l.buf())); err != nil {
 			return EntryInvalid, err
@@ -353,7 +350,7 @@ func (p *PromParser) Next() (Entry, error) {
 			p.val = math.Float64frombits(value.NormalNaN)
 		}
 		p.hasTS = false
-		switch p.nextToken() {
+		switch t := p.nextToken(); t {
 		case tLinebreak:
 			break
 		case tTimestamp:
@@ -362,7 +359,7 @@ func (p *PromParser) Next() (Entry, error) {
 				return EntryInvalid, err
 			}
 			if t2 := p.nextToken(); t2 != tLinebreak {
-				return EntryInvalid, parseError("expected next entry after timestamp", t)
+				return EntryInvalid, parseError("expected next entry after timestamp", t2)
 			}
 		default:
 			return EntryInvalid, parseError("expected timestamp or new record", t)

model/textparse/promparse_test.go

@@ -192,7 +192,6 @@ testmetric{label="\"bar\""} 1`
 			require.Equal(t, exp[i].t, ts)
 			require.Equal(t, exp[i].v, v)
 			require.Equal(t, exp[i].lset, res)
-			res = res[:0]
 
 		case EntryType:
 			m, typ := p.Type()
@@ -220,7 +219,7 @@ func TestPromParseErrors(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			input: "a",
-			err:   "expected value after metric, got \"MNAME\"",
+			err:   "expected value after metric, got \"INVALID\"",
 		},
 		{
 			input: "a{b='c'} 1\n",
@@ -264,7 +263,7 @@ func TestPromParseErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			input: "foo 0 1_2\n",
-			err:   "expected next entry after timestamp, got \"MNAME\"",
+			err:   "expected next entry after timestamp, got \"INVALID\"",
 		},
 		{
 			input: `{a="ok"} 1`,
@@ -326,7 +325,11 @@ func TestPromNullByteHandling(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			input: "a\x00{b=\"ddd\"} 1",
-			err:   "expected value after metric, got \"MNAME\"",
+			err:   "expected value after metric, got \"INVALID\"",
+		},
+		{
+			input: "a 0 1\x00",
+			err:   "expected next entry after timestamp, got \"INVALID\"",
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -414,7 +417,7 @@ func BenchmarkParse(b *testing.B) {
 						case EntrySeries:
 							m, _, _ := p.Series()
 
-							res := make(labels.Labels, 0, 5)
+							var res labels.Labels
 							p.Metric(&res)
 
 							total += len(m)
@@ -426,7 +429,7 @@ func BenchmarkParse(b *testing.B) {
 			})
 			b.Run(parserName+"/decode-metric-reuse/"+fn, func(b *testing.B) {
 				total := 0
-				res := make(labels.Labels, 0, 5)
+				var res labels.Labels
 
 				b.SetBytes(int64(len(buf) / promtestdataSampleCount))
 				b.ReportAllocs()
@@ -451,7 +454,6 @@ func BenchmarkParse(b *testing.B) {
 
 							total += len(m)
 							i++
-							res = res[:0]
 						}
 					}
 				}

model/textparse/protobufparse.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"math"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"unicode/utf8"
 
@@ -59,6 +58,8 @@ type ProtobufParser struct {
 	// that we have to decode the next MetricFamily.
 	state Entry
 
+	builder labels.ScratchBuilder // held here to reduce allocations when building Labels
+
 	mf *dto.MetricFamily
 
 	// The following are just shenanigans to satisfy the Parser interface.
@@ -245,23 +246,19 @@ func (p *ProtobufParser) Comment() []byte {
 // Metric writes the labels of the current sample into the passed labels.
 // It returns the string from which the metric was parsed.
 func (p *ProtobufParser) Metric(l *labels.Labels) string {
-	*l = append(*l, labels.Label{
-		Name:  labels.MetricName,
-		Value: p.getMagicName(),
-	})
+	p.builder.Reset()
+	p.builder.Add(labels.MetricName, p.getMagicName())
 
 	for _, lp := range p.mf.GetMetric()[p.metricPos].GetLabel() {
-		*l = append(*l, labels.Label{
-			Name:  lp.GetName(),
-			Value: lp.GetValue(),
-		})
+		p.builder.Add(lp.GetName(), lp.GetValue())
 	}
 	if needed, name, value := p.getMagicLabel(); needed {
-		*l = append(*l, labels.Label{Name: name, Value: value})
+		p.builder.Add(name, value)
 	}
 
 	// Sort labels to maintain the sorted labels invariant.
-	sort.Sort(*l)
+	p.builder.Sort()
+	*l = p.builder.Labels()
 
 	return p.metricBytes.String()
 }
@@ -305,12 +302,12 @@ func (p *ProtobufParser) Exemplar(ex *exemplar.Exemplar) bool {
 		ex.HasTs = true
 		ex.Ts = ts.GetSeconds()*1000 + int64(ts.GetNanos()/1_000_000)
 	}
+	p.builder.Reset()
 	for _, lp := range exProto.GetLabel() {
-		ex.Labels = append(ex.Labels, labels.Label{
-			Name:  lp.GetName(),
-			Value: lp.GetValue(),
-		})
+		p.builder.Add(lp.GetName(), lp.GetValue())
 	}
+	p.builder.Sort()
+	ex.Labels = p.builder.Labels()
 	return true
 }
 

model/textparse/protobufparse_test.go

@@ -630,7 +630,6 @@ metric: <
 				require.Equal(t, true, found)
 				require.Equal(t, exp[i].e[0], e)
 			}
-			res = res[:0]
 
 		case EntryHistogram:
 			m, ts, shs, fhs := p.Histogram()
@@ -642,7 +641,6 @@ metric: <
 				require.Equal(t, exp[i].t, int64(0))
 			}
 			require.Equal(t, exp[i].lset, res)
-			res = res[:0]
 			require.Equal(t, exp[i].m, string(m))
 			if shs != nil {
 				require.Equal(t, exp[i].shs, shs)

notifier/notifier.go

@@ -19,11 +19,9 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"path"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -355,11 +353,11 @@ func (n *Manager) Send(alerts ...*Alert) {
 	for _, a := range alerts {
 		lb := labels.NewBuilder(a.Labels)
 
-		for _, l := range n.opts.ExternalLabels {
+		n.opts.ExternalLabels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			if a.Labels.Get(l.Name) == "" {
 				lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
 			}
-		}
+		})
 
 		a.Labels = lb.Labels(a.Labels)
 	}
@@ -396,8 +394,8 @@ func (n *Manager) relabelAlerts(alerts []*Alert) []*Alert {
 	var relabeledAlerts []*Alert
 
 	for _, alert := range alerts {
-		labels := relabel.Process(alert.Labels, n.opts.RelabelConfigs...)
-		if labels != nil {
+		labels, keep := relabel.Process(alert.Labels, n.opts.RelabelConfigs...)
+		if keep {
 			alert.Labels = labels
 			relabeledAlerts = append(relabeledAlerts, alert)
 		}
@@ -572,9 +570,9 @@ func alertsToOpenAPIAlerts(alerts []*Alert) models.PostableAlerts {
 
 func labelsToOpenAPILabelSet(modelLabelSet labels.Labels) models.LabelSet {
 	apiLabelSet := models.LabelSet{}
-	for _, label := range modelLabelSet {
+	modelLabelSet.Range(func(label labels.Label) {
 		apiLabelSet[label.Name] = label.Value
-	}
+	})
 
 	return apiLabelSet
 }
@@ -721,53 +719,17 @@ func AlertmanagerFromGroup(tg *targetgroup.Group, cfg *config.AlertmanagerConfig
 			}
 		}
 
-		lset := relabel.Process(labels.New(lbls...), cfg.RelabelConfigs...)
-		if lset == nil {
-			droppedAlertManagers = append(droppedAlertManagers, alertmanagerLabels{lbls})
+		lset, keep := relabel.Process(labels.New(lbls...), cfg.RelabelConfigs...)
+		if !keep {
+			droppedAlertManagers = append(droppedAlertManagers, alertmanagerLabels{labels.New(lbls...)})
 			continue
 		}
 
-		lb := labels.NewBuilder(lset)
-
-		// addPort checks whether we should add a default port to the address.
-		// If the address is not valid, we don't append a port either.
-		addPort := func(s string) bool {
-			// If we can split, a port exists and we don't have to add one.
-			if _, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(s); err == nil {
-				return false
-			}
-			// If adding a port makes it valid, the previous error
-			// was not due to an invalid address and we can append a port.
-			_, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(s + ":1234")
-			return err == nil
-		}
 		addr := lset.Get(model.AddressLabel)
-		// If it's an address with no trailing port, infer it based on the used scheme.
-		if addPort(addr) {
-			// Addresses reaching this point are already wrapped in [] if necessary.
-			switch lset.Get(model.SchemeLabel) {
-			case "http", "":
-				addr = addr + ":80"
-			case "https":
-				addr = addr + ":443"
-			default:
-				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid scheme: %q", cfg.Scheme)
-			}
-			lb.Set(model.AddressLabel, addr)
-		}
-
 		if err := config.CheckTargetAddress(model.LabelValue(addr)); err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 
-		// Meta labels are deleted after relabelling. Other internal labels propagate to
-		// the target which decides whether they will be part of their label set.
-		for _, l := range lset {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(l.Name, model.MetaLabelPrefix) {
-				lb.Del(l.Name)
-			}
-		}
-
 		res = append(res, alertmanagerLabels{lset})
 	}
 	return res, droppedAlertManagers, nil

promql/bench_test.go

@@ -27,17 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/teststorage"
 )
 
-func BenchmarkRangeQuery(b *testing.B) {
-	stor := teststorage.New(b)
-	defer stor.Close()
-	opts := EngineOpts{
-		Logger:     nil,
-		Reg:        nil,
-		MaxSamples: 50000000,
-		Timeout:    100 * time.Second,
-	}
-	engine := NewEngine(opts)
-
+func setupRangeQueryTestData(stor *teststorage.TestStorage, engine *Engine, interval, numIntervals int) error {
 	metrics := []labels.Labels{}
 	metrics = append(metrics, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "a_one"))
 	metrics = append(metrics, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "b_one"))
@@ -65,25 +55,26 @@ func BenchmarkRangeQuery(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 	refs := make([]storage.SeriesRef, len(metrics))
 
-	// A day of data plus 10k steps.
-	numIntervals := 8640 + 10000
-
 	for s := 0; s < numIntervals; s++ {
 		a := stor.Appender(context.Background())
-		ts := int64(s * 10000) // 10s interval.
+		ts := int64(s * interval)
 		for i, metric := range metrics {
 			ref, _ := a.Append(refs[i], metric, ts, float64(s)+float64(i)/float64(len(metrics)))
 			refs[i] = ref
 		}
 		if err := a.Commit(); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
+			return err
 		}
 	}
+	return nil
+}
 
 type benchCase struct {
 	expr  string
 	steps int
 }
+
+func rangeQueryCases() []benchCase {
 	cases := []benchCase{
 		// Plain retrieval.
 		{
@@ -210,7 +201,30 @@ func BenchmarkRangeQuery(b *testing.B) {
 			tmp = append(tmp, benchCase{expr: c.expr, steps: 1000})
 		}
 	}
-	cases = tmp
+	return tmp
+}
+
+func BenchmarkRangeQuery(b *testing.B) {
+	stor := teststorage.New(b)
+	defer stor.Close()
+	opts := EngineOpts{
+		Logger:     nil,
+		Reg:        nil,
+		MaxSamples: 50000000,
+		Timeout:    100 * time.Second,
+	}
+	engine := NewEngine(opts)
+
+	const interval = 10000 // 10s interval.
+	// A day of data plus 10k steps.
+	numIntervals := 8640 + 10000
+
+	err := setupRangeQueryTestData(stor, engine, interval, numIntervals)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	cases := rangeQueryCases()
+
 	for _, c := range cases {
 		name := fmt.Sprintf("expr=%s,steps=%d", c.expr, c.steps)
 		b.Run(name, func(b *testing.B) {

promql/engine.go

@@ -653,12 +653,13 @@ func (ng *Engine) execEvalStmt(ctx context.Context, query *query, s *parser.Eval
 		query.sampleStats.InitStepTracking(start, start, 1)
 
 		val, warnings, err := evaluator.Eval(s.Expr)
+
+		evalSpanTimer.Finish()
+
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, warnings, err
 		}
 
-		evalSpanTimer.Finish()
-
 		var mat Matrix
 
 		switch result := val.(type) {
@@ -704,10 +705,12 @@ func (ng *Engine) execEvalStmt(ctx context.Context, query *query, s *parser.Eval
 	}
 	query.sampleStats.InitStepTracking(evaluator.startTimestamp, evaluator.endTimestamp, evaluator.interval)
 	val, warnings, err := evaluator.Eval(s.Expr)
+
+	evalSpanTimer.Finish()
+
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, warnings, err
 	}
-	evalSpanTimer.Finish()
 
 	mat, ok := val.(Matrix)
 	if !ok {
@@ -1029,6 +1032,14 @@ type EvalNodeHelper struct {
 	resultMetric map[string]labels.Labels
 }
 
+func (enh *EvalNodeHelper) resetBuilder(lbls labels.Labels) {
+	if enh.lb == nil {
+		enh.lb = labels.NewBuilder(lbls)
+	} else {
+		enh.lb.Reset(lbls)
+	}
+}
+
 // DropMetricName is a cached version of DropMetricName.
 func (enh *EvalNodeHelper) DropMetricName(l labels.Labels) labels.Labels {
 	if enh.Dmn == nil {
@@ -1390,10 +1401,12 @@ func (ev *evaluator) eval(expr parser.Expr) (parser.Value, storage.Warnings) {
 		enh := &EvalNodeHelper{Out: make(Vector, 0, 1)}
 		// Process all the calls for one time series at a time.
 		it := storage.NewBuffer(selRange)
+		var chkIter chunkenc.Iterator
 		for i, s := range selVS.Series {
 			ev.currentSamples -= len(points)
 			points = points[:0]
-			it.Reset(s.Iterator())
+			chkIter = s.Iterator(chkIter)
+			it.Reset(chkIter)
 			metric := selVS.Series[i].Labels()
 			// The last_over_time function acts like offset; thus, it
 			// should keep the metric name.  For all the other range
@@ -1562,7 +1575,7 @@ func (ev *evaluator) eval(expr parser.Expr) (parser.Value, storage.Warnings) {
 
 	case *parser.NumberLiteral:
 		return ev.rangeEval(nil, func(v []parser.Value, _ [][]EvalSeriesHelper, enh *EvalNodeHelper) (Vector, storage.Warnings) {
-			return append(enh.Out, Sample{Point: Point{V: e.Val}}), nil
+			return append(enh.Out, Sample{Point: Point{V: e.Val}, Metric: labels.EmptyLabels()}), nil
 		})
 
 	case *parser.StringLiteral:
@@ -1575,8 +1588,10 @@ func (ev *evaluator) eval(expr parser.Expr) (parser.Value, storage.Warnings) {
 		}
 		mat := make(Matrix, 0, len(e.Series))
 		it := storage.NewMemoizedEmptyIterator(durationMilliseconds(ev.lookbackDelta))
+		var chkIter chunkenc.Iterator
 		for i, s := range e.Series {
-			it.Reset(s.Iterator())
+			chkIter = s.Iterator(chkIter)
+			it.Reset(chkIter)
 			ss := Series{
 				Metric: e.Series[i].Labels(),
 				Points: getPointSlice(numSteps),
@@ -1720,8 +1735,10 @@ func (ev *evaluator) vectorSelector(node *parser.VectorSelector, ts int64) (Vect
 	}
 	vec := make(Vector, 0, len(node.Series))
 	it := storage.NewMemoizedEmptyIterator(durationMilliseconds(ev.lookbackDelta))
+	var chkIter chunkenc.Iterator
 	for i, s := range node.Series {
-		it.Reset(s.Iterator())
+		chkIter = s.Iterator(chkIter)
+		it.Reset(chkIter)
 
 		t, v, h, ok := ev.vectorSelectorSingle(it, node, ts)
 		if ok {
@@ -1809,12 +1826,14 @@ func (ev *evaluator) matrixSelector(node *parser.MatrixSelector) (Matrix, storag
 		ev.error(errWithWarnings{fmt.Errorf("expanding series: %w", err), ws})
 	}
 
+	var chkIter chunkenc.Iterator
 	series := vs.Series
 	for i, s := range series {
 		if err := contextDone(ev.ctx, "expression evaluation"); err != nil {
 			ev.error(err)
 		}
-		it.Reset(s.Iterator())
+		chkIter = s.Iterator(chkIter)
+		it.Reset(chkIter)
 		ss := Series{
 			Metric: series[i].Labels(),
 		}
@@ -2141,12 +2160,7 @@ func resultMetric(lhs, rhs labels.Labels, op parser.ItemType, matching *parser.V
 		enh.resultMetric = make(map[string]labels.Labels, len(enh.Out))
 	}
 
-	if enh.lb == nil {
-		enh.lb = labels.NewBuilder(lhs)
-	} else {
-		enh.lb.Reset(lhs)
-	}
-
+	enh.resetBuilder(lhs)
 	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(enh.lblResultBuf[:0])
 	enh.lblBuf = lhs.Bytes(enh.lblBuf)
 	buf.Write(enh.lblBuf)
@@ -2179,7 +2193,7 @@ func resultMetric(lhs, rhs labels.Labels, op parser.ItemType, matching *parser.V
 		}
 	}
 
-	ret := enh.lb.Labels(nil)
+	ret := enh.lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 	enh.resultMetric[str] = ret
 	return ret
 }
@@ -2219,7 +2233,7 @@ func (ev *evaluator) VectorscalarBinop(op parser.ItemType, lhs Vector, rhs Scala
 }
 
 func dropMetricName(l labels.Labels) labels.Labels {
-	return labels.NewBuilder(l).Del(labels.MetricName).Labels(nil)
+	return labels.NewBuilder(l).Del(labels.MetricName).Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 }
 
 // scalarBinop evaluates a binary operation between two Scalars.
@@ -2346,15 +2360,14 @@ func (ev *evaluator) aggregation(op parser.ItemType, grouping []string, without
 		}
 	}
 
-	lb := labels.NewBuilder(nil)
 	var buf []byte
 	for si, s := range vec {
 		metric := s.Metric
 
 		if op == parser.COUNT_VALUES {
-			lb.Reset(metric)
-			lb.Set(valueLabel, strconv.FormatFloat(s.V, 'f', -1, 64))
-			metric = lb.Labels(nil)
+			enh.resetBuilder(metric)
+			enh.lb.Set(valueLabel, strconv.FormatFloat(s.V, 'f', -1, 64))
+			metric = enh.lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 
 			// We've changed the metric so we have to recompute the grouping key.
 			recomputeGroupingKey = true
@@ -2371,14 +2384,18 @@ func (ev *evaluator) aggregation(op parser.ItemType, grouping []string, without
 		group, ok := result[groupingKey]
 		// Add a new group if it doesn't exist.
 		if !ok {
-			lb.Reset(metric)
+			var m labels.Labels
+			enh.resetBuilder(metric)
 			if without {
-				lb.Del(grouping...)
-				lb.Del(labels.MetricName)
+				enh.lb.Del(grouping...)
+				enh.lb.Del(labels.MetricName)
+				m = enh.lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
+			} else if len(grouping) > 0 {
+				enh.lb.Keep(grouping...)
+				m = enh.lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 			} else {
-				lb.Keep(grouping...)
+				m = labels.EmptyLabels()
 			}
-			m := lb.Labels(nil)
 			newAgg := &groupedAggregation{
 				labels:     m,
 				value:      s.V,

promql/engine_test.go

@@ -684,6 +684,7 @@ load 10s
 			Result: Matrix{
 				Series{
 					Points: []Point{{V: 1, T: 0}, {V: 1, T: 1000}, {V: 1, T: 2000}},
+					Metric: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 				},
 			},
 			Start:    time.Unix(0, 0),
@@ -3162,7 +3163,48 @@ func TestSparseHistogramRate(t *testing.T) {
 
 	app := test.Storage().Appender(context.TODO())
 	for i, h := range tsdb.GenerateTestHistograms(100) {
-		_, err := app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, int64(i)*int64(15*time.Second/time.Millisecond), h)
+		_, err := app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, int64(i)*int64(15*time.Second/time.Millisecond), h, nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+	}
+	require.NoError(t, app.Commit())
+
+	require.NoError(t, test.Run())
+	engine := test.QueryEngine()
+
+	queryString := fmt.Sprintf("rate(%s[1m])", seriesName)
+	qry, err := engine.NewInstantQuery(test.Queryable(), nil, queryString, timestamp.Time(int64(5*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	res := qry.Exec(test.Context())
+	require.NoError(t, res.Err)
+	vector, err := res.Vector()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.Len(t, vector, 1)
+	actualHistogram := vector[0].H
+	expectedHistogram := &histogram.FloatHistogram{
+		Schema:          1,
+		ZeroThreshold:   0.001,
+		ZeroCount:       1. / 15.,
+		Count:           4. / 15.,
+		Sum:             1.226666666666667,
+		PositiveSpans:   []histogram.Span{{Offset: 0, Length: 2}, {Offset: 1, Length: 2}},
+		PositiveBuckets: []float64{1. / 15., 1. / 15., 1. / 15., 1. / 15.},
+	}
+	require.Equal(t, expectedHistogram, actualHistogram)
+}
+
+func TestSparseFloatHistogramRate(t *testing.T) {
+	// TODO(beorn7): Integrate histograms into the PromQL testing framework
+	// and write more tests there.
+	test, err := NewTest(t, "")
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer test.Close()
+
+	seriesName := "sparse_histogram_series"
+	lbls := labels.FromStrings("__name__", seriesName)
+
+	app := test.Storage().Appender(context.TODO())
+	for i, fh := range tsdb.GenerateTestFloatHistograms(100) {
+		_, err := app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, int64(i)*int64(15*time.Second/time.Millisecond), nil, fh)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 	require.NoError(t, app.Commit())
@@ -3211,7 +3253,8 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramCountAndSum(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		NegativeBuckets: []int64{2, 1, -2, 3},
 	}
-
+	for _, floatHisto := range []bool{true, false} {
+		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("floatHistogram=%t", floatHisto), func(t *testing.T) {
 			test, err := NewTest(t, "")
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			t.Cleanup(test.Close)
@@ -3222,7 +3265,11 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramCountAndSum(t *testing.T) {
 
 			ts := int64(10 * time.Minute / time.Millisecond)
 			app := test.Storage().Appender(context.TODO())
-	_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, h)
+			if floatHisto {
+				_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, nil, h.ToFloat())
+			} else {
+				_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, h, nil)
+			}
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			require.NoError(t, app.Commit())
 
@@ -3238,7 +3285,11 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramCountAndSum(t *testing.T) {
 
 			require.Len(t, vector, 1)
 			require.Nil(t, vector[0].H)
+			if floatHisto {
+				require.Equal(t, float64(h.ToFloat().Count), vector[0].V)
+			} else {
 				require.Equal(t, float64(h.Count), vector[0].V)
+			}
 
 			queryString = fmt.Sprintf("histogram_sum(%s)", seriesName)
 			qry, err = engine.NewInstantQuery(test.Queryable(), nil, queryString, timestamp.Time(ts))
@@ -3252,8 +3303,14 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramCountAndSum(t *testing.T) {
 
 			require.Len(t, vector, 1)
 			require.Nil(t, vector[0].H)
+			if floatHisto {
+				require.Equal(t, h.ToFloat().Sum, vector[0].V)
+			} else {
 				require.Equal(t, h.Sum, vector[0].V)
 			}
+		})
+	}
+}
 
 func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramQuantile(t *testing.T) {
 	// TODO(codesome): Integrate histograms into the PromQL testing framework
@@ -3451,15 +3508,20 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramQuantile(t *testing.T) {
 	test, err := NewTest(t, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	t.Cleanup(test.Close)
-	for i, c := range cases {
-		t.Run(c.text, func(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := int64(0)
+	for _, floatHisto := range []bool{true, false} {
+		for _, c := range cases {
+			t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s floatHistogram=%t", c.text, floatHisto), func(t *testing.T) {
 				seriesName := "sparse_histogram_series"
 				lbls := labels.FromStrings("__name__", seriesName)
 				engine := test.QueryEngine()
-
-			ts := int64(i+1) * int64(10*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)
+				ts := idx * int64(10*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)
 				app := test.Storage().Appender(context.TODO())
-			_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, c.h)
+				if floatHisto {
+					_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, nil, c.h.ToFloat())
+				} else {
+					_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, c.h, nil)
+				}
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				require.NoError(t, app.Commit())
 
@@ -3480,9 +3542,11 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramQuantile(t *testing.T) {
 						require.True(t, almostEqual(sc.value, vector[0].V))
 					})
 				}
+				idx++
 			})
 		}
 	}
+}
 
 func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramFraction(t *testing.T) {
 	// TODO(codesome): Integrate histograms into the PromQL testing framework
@@ -3870,9 +3934,10 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramFraction(t *testing.T) {
 			}, invariantCases...),
 		},
 	}
-
-	for i, c := range cases {
-		t.Run(c.text, func(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := int64(0)
+	for _, floatHisto := range []bool{true, false} {
+		for _, c := range cases {
+			t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s floatHistogram=%t", c.text, floatHisto), func(t *testing.T) {
 				test, err := NewTest(t, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				t.Cleanup(test.Close)
@@ -3881,9 +3946,13 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramFraction(t *testing.T) {
 				lbls := labels.FromStrings("__name__", seriesName)
 				engine := test.QueryEngine()
 
-			ts := int64(i+1) * int64(10*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)
+				ts := idx * int64(10*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)
 				app := test.Storage().Appender(context.TODO())
-			_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, c.h)
+				if floatHisto {
+					_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, nil, c.h.ToFloat())
+				} else {
+					_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, c.h, nil)
+				}
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				require.NoError(t, app.Commit())
 
@@ -3908,9 +3977,11 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_HistogramFraction(t *testing.T) {
 						require.Equal(t, sc.value, vector[0].V)
 					})
 				}
+				idx++
 			})
 		}
 	}
+}
 
 func TestSparseHistogram_Sum_Count_AddOperator(t *testing.T) {
 	// TODO(codesome): Integrate histograms into the PromQL testing framework
@@ -3998,8 +4069,10 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_Sum_Count_AddOperator(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	for i, c := range cases {
-		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d", i), func(t *testing.T) {
+	idx0 := int64(0)
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		for _, floatHisto := range []bool{true, false} {
+			t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("floatHistogram=%t %d", floatHisto, idx0), func(t *testing.T) {
 				test, err := NewTest(t, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				t.Cleanup(test.Close)
@@ -4008,12 +4081,16 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_Sum_Count_AddOperator(t *testing.T) {
 
 				engine := test.QueryEngine()
 
-			ts := int64(i+1) * int64(10*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)
+				ts := idx0 * int64(10*time.Minute/time.Millisecond)
 				app := test.Storage().Appender(context.TODO())
-			for idx, h := range c.histograms {
-				lbls := labels.FromStrings("__name__", seriesName, "idx", fmt.Sprintf("%d", idx))
+				for idx1, h := range c.histograms {
+					lbls := labels.FromStrings("__name__", seriesName, "idx", fmt.Sprintf("%d", idx1))
 					// Since we mutate h later, we need to create a copy here.
-				_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, h.Copy())
+					if floatHisto {
+						_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, nil, h.Copy().ToFloat())
+					} else {
+						_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, lbls, ts, h.Copy(), nil)
+					}
 					require.NoError(t, err)
 				}
 				require.NoError(t, app.Commit())
@@ -4034,7 +4111,7 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_Sum_Count_AddOperator(t *testing.T) {
 				// sum().
 				queryString := fmt.Sprintf("sum(%s)", seriesName)
 				queryAndCheck(queryString, []Sample{
-				{Point{T: ts, H: &c.expected}, labels.Labels{}},
+					{Point{T: ts, H: &c.expected}, labels.EmptyLabels()},
 				})
 
 				// + operator.
@@ -4043,15 +4120,17 @@ func TestSparseHistogram_Sum_Count_AddOperator(t *testing.T) {
 					queryString += fmt.Sprintf(` + ignoring(idx) %s{idx="%d"}`, seriesName, idx)
 				}
 				queryAndCheck(queryString, []Sample{
-				{Point{T: ts, H: &c.expected}, labels.Labels{}},
+					{Point{T: ts, H: &c.expected}, labels.EmptyLabels()},
 				})
 
 				// count().
 				queryString = fmt.Sprintf("count(%s)", seriesName)
 				queryAndCheck(queryString, []Sample{
-				{Point{T: ts, V: 3}, labels.Labels{}},
+					{Point{T: ts, V: 3}, labels.EmptyLabels()},
 				})
 			})
+			idx0++
+		}
 	}
 }
 

promql/functions.go

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func funcHoltWinters(vals []parser.Value, args parser.Expressions, enh *EvalNode
 	// The trend factor argument.
 	tf := vals[2].(Vector)[0].V
 
-	// Sanity check the input.
+	// Check that the input parameters are valid.
 	if sf <= 0 || sf >= 1 {
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("invalid smoothing factor. Expected: 0 < sf < 1, got: %f", sf))
 	}
@@ -957,7 +957,7 @@ func funcHistogramQuantile(vals []parser.Value, args parser.Expressions, enh *Ev
 		if !ok {
 			sample.Metric = labels.NewBuilder(sample.Metric).
 				Del(excludedLabels...).
-				Labels(nil)
+				Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 
 			mb = &metricWithBuckets{sample.Metric, nil}
 			enh.signatureToMetricWithBuckets[string(enh.lblBuf)] = mb
@@ -1077,7 +1077,7 @@ func funcLabelReplace(vals []parser.Value, args parser.Expressions, enh *EvalNod
 				if len(res) > 0 {
 					lb.Set(dst, string(res))
 				}
-				outMetric = lb.Labels(nil)
+				outMetric = lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 				enh.Dmn[h] = outMetric
 			}
 		}
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ func funcLabelJoin(vals []parser.Value, args parser.Expressions, enh *EvalNodeHe
 				lb.Set(dst, strval)
 			}
 
-			outMetric = lb.Labels(nil)
+			outMetric = lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 			enh.Dmn[h] = outMetric
 		}
 
@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@ func (s *vectorByReverseValueHeap) Pop() interface{} {
 // createLabelsForAbsentFunction returns the labels that are uniquely and exactly matched
 // in a given expression. It is used in the absent functions.
 func createLabelsForAbsentFunction(expr parser.Expr) labels.Labels {
-	m := labels.Labels{}
+	b := labels.NewBuilder(labels.EmptyLabels())
 
 	var lm []*labels.Matcher
 	switch n := expr.(type) {
@@ -1392,25 +1392,26 @@ func createLabelsForAbsentFunction(expr parser.Expr) labels.Labels {
 	case *parser.MatrixSelector:
 		lm = n.VectorSelector.(*parser.VectorSelector).LabelMatchers
 	default:
-		return m
+		return labels.EmptyLabels()
 	}
 
-	empty := []string{}
+	// The 'has' map implements backwards-compatibility for historic behaviour:
+	// e.g. in `absent(x{job="a",job="b",foo="bar"})` then `job` is removed from the output.
+	// Note this gives arguably wrong behaviour for `absent(x{job="a",job="a",foo="bar"})`.
+	has := make(map[string]bool, len(lm))
 	for _, ma := range lm {
 		if ma.Name == labels.MetricName {
 			continue
 		}
-		if ma.Type == labels.MatchEqual && !m.Has(ma.Name) {
-			m = labels.NewBuilder(m).Set(ma.Name, ma.Value).Labels(nil)
+		if ma.Type == labels.MatchEqual && !has[ma.Name] {
+			b.Set(ma.Name, ma.Value)
+			has[ma.Name] = true
 		} else {
-			empty = append(empty, ma.Name)
+			b.Del(ma.Name)
 		}
 	}
 
-	for _, v := range empty {
-		m = labels.NewBuilder(m).Del(v).Labels(nil)
-	}
-	return m
+	return b.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 }
 
 func stringFromArg(e parser.Expr) string {

promql/parser/generated_parser.y

@@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ package parser
 
 import (
         "math"
-        "sort"
         "strconv"
         "time"
 
         "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/labels"
         "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/value"
 )
+
 %}
 
 %union {
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ import (
     matcher   *labels.Matcher
     label     labels.Label
     labels    labels.Labels
+    lblList   []labels.Label
     strings   []string
     series    []SequenceValue
     uint      uint64
@@ -138,10 +139,9 @@ START_METRIC_SELECTOR
 // Type definitions for grammar rules.
 %type <matchers> label_match_list
 %type <matcher> label_matcher
-
 %type <item> aggregate_op grouping_label match_op maybe_label metric_identifier unary_op at_modifier_preprocessors
-
-%type <labels> label_set label_set_list metric
+%type <labels> label_set metric
+%type <lblList> label_set_list
 %type <label> label_set_item
 %type <strings> grouping_label_list grouping_labels maybe_grouping_labels
 %type <series> series_item series_values
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ label_matcher   : IDENTIFIER match_op STRING
  */
 
 metric          : metric_identifier label_set
-                        { $$ = append($2, labels.Label{Name: labels.MetricName, Value: $1.Val}); sort.Sort($$) }
+                        { b := labels.NewBuilder($2); b.Set(labels.MetricName, $1.Val); $$ = b.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels()) }
                 | label_set
                         {$$ = $1}
                 ;

promql/parser/generated_parser.y.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import __yyfmt__ "fmt"
 
 import (
 	"math"
-	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"time"
 
@@ -26,6 +25,7 @@ type yySymType struct {
 	matcher  *labels.Matcher
 	label    labels.Label
 	labels   labels.Labels
+	lblList  []labels.Label
 	strings  []string
 	series   []SequenceValue
 	uint     uint64
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ var yyPact = [...]int{
 
 var yyPgo = [...]int{
 	0, 267, 7, 265, 2, 264, 262, 164, 261, 257,
-	115, 253, 181, 8, 252, 4, 5, 251, 250, 0,
+	115, 181, 253, 8, 252, 4, 5, 251, 250, 0,
 	23, 248, 6, 247, 246, 245, 10, 64, 244, 239,
 	1, 231, 230, 9, 217, 21, 214, 213, 205, 201,
 	198, 196, 189, 188, 206, 3, 180, 165, 127,
@@ -474,10 +474,10 @@ var yyR1 = [...]int{
 	31, 33, 33, 32, 32, 32, 40, 38, 38, 38,
 	24, 24, 24, 9, 9, 36, 42, 42, 42, 42,
 	42, 43, 44, 44, 44, 35, 35, 35, 1, 1,
-	1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 12, 12, 7, 7, 7,
+	1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 11, 11, 7, 7, 7,
 	7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7,
 	7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 10,
-	10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 11, 13, 13, 13, 13,
+	10, 10, 10, 12, 12, 12, 13, 13, 13, 13,
 	48, 18, 18, 18, 18, 17, 17, 17, 17, 17,
 	21, 21, 21, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
 	3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,
@@ -513,14 +513,14 @@ var yyR2 = [...]int{
 }
 
 var yyChk = [...]int{
-	-1000, -47, 75, 76, 77, 78, 2, 10, -12, -7,
+	-1000, -47, 75, 76, 77, 78, 2, 10, -11, -7,
 	-10, 47, 48, 62, 49, 50, 51, 12, 32, 33,
 	36, 52, 16, 53, 66, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58,
-	68, 71, 72, 13, -48, -12, 10, -30, -25, -28,
+	68, 71, 72, 13, -48, -11, 10, -30, -25, -28,
 	-31, -36, -37, -38, -40, -41, -42, -43, -44, -24,
 	-3, 12, 17, 15, 23, -8, -7, -35, 47, 48,
 	49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58,
-	26, 42, 13, -44, -10, -11, 18, -13, 12, 2,
+	26, 42, 13, -44, -10, -12, 18, -13, 12, 2,
 	-18, 2, 26, 44, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33,
 	34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 41, 42, 66, 43,
 	14, -26, -33, 2, 62, 68, 15, -33, -30, -30,
@@ -1492,8 +1492,9 @@ yydefault:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-2 : yypt+1]
 //line promql/parser/generated_parser.y:570
 		{
-			yyVAL.labels = append(yyDollar[2].labels, labels.Label{Name: labels.MetricName, Value: yyDollar[1].item.Val})
-			sort.Sort(yyVAL.labels)
+			b := labels.NewBuilder(yyDollar[2].labels)
+			b.Set(labels.MetricName, yyDollar[1].item.Val)
+			yyVAL.labels = b.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 		}
 	case 96:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-1 : yypt+1]
@@ -1505,13 +1506,13 @@ yydefault:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-3 : yypt+1]
 //line promql/parser/generated_parser.y:579
 		{
-			yyVAL.labels = labels.New(yyDollar[2].labels...)
+			yyVAL.labels = labels.New(yyDollar[2].lblList...)
 		}
 	case 120:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-4 : yypt+1]
 //line promql/parser/generated_parser.y:581
 		{
-			yyVAL.labels = labels.New(yyDollar[2].labels...)
+			yyVAL.labels = labels.New(yyDollar[2].lblList...)
 		}
 	case 121:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-2 : yypt+1]
@@ -1529,20 +1530,20 @@ yydefault:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-3 : yypt+1]
 //line promql/parser/generated_parser.y:589
 		{
-			yyVAL.labels = append(yyDollar[1].labels, yyDollar[3].label)
+			yyVAL.lblList = append(yyDollar[1].lblList, yyDollar[3].label)
 		}
 	case 124:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-1 : yypt+1]
 //line promql/parser/generated_parser.y:591
 		{
-			yyVAL.labels = []labels.Label{yyDollar[1].label}
+			yyVAL.lblList = []labels.Label{yyDollar[1].label}
 		}
 	case 125:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-2 : yypt+1]
 //line promql/parser/generated_parser.y:593
 		{
 			yylex.(*parser).unexpected("label set", "\",\" or \"}\"")
-			yyVAL.labels = yyDollar[1].labels
+			yyVAL.lblList = yyDollar[1].lblList
 		}
 	case 126:
 		yyDollar = yyS[yypt-3 : yypt+1]

promql/parser/parse.go

@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ func (p *parser) expectType(node Node, want ValueType, context string) {
 	}
 }
 
-// checkAST checks the sanity of the provided AST. This includes type checking.
+// checkAST checks the validity of the provided AST. This includes type checking.
 func (p *parser) checkAST(node Node) (typ ValueType) {
 	// For expressions the type is determined by their Type function.
 	// Lists do not have a type but are not invalid either.

promql/promql_test.go

@@ -14,10 +14,16 @@
 package promql
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"golang.org/x/sync/errgroup"
+
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/teststorage"
 )
 
 func TestEvaluations(t *testing.T) {
@@ -34,3 +40,60 @@ func TestEvaluations(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+// Run a lot of queries at the same time, to check for race conditions.
+func TestConcurrentRangeQueries(t *testing.T) {
+	stor := teststorage.New(t)
+	defer stor.Close()
+	opts := EngineOpts{
+		Logger:     nil,
+		Reg:        nil,
+		MaxSamples: 50000000,
+		Timeout:    100 * time.Second,
+	}
+	engine := NewEngine(opts)
+
+	const interval = 10000 // 10s interval.
+	// A day of data plus 10k steps.
+	numIntervals := 8640 + 10000
+	err := setupRangeQueryTestData(stor, engine, interval, numIntervals)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	cases := rangeQueryCases()
+
+	// Limit the number of queries running at the same time.
+	const numConcurrent = 4
+	sem := make(chan struct{}, numConcurrent)
+	for i := 0; i < numConcurrent; i++ {
+		sem <- struct{}{}
+	}
+	var g errgroup.Group
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		c := c
+		if strings.Contains(c.expr, "count_values") && c.steps > 10 {
+			continue // This test is too big to run with -race.
+		}
+		<-sem
+		g.Go(func() error {
+			defer func() {
+				sem <- struct{}{}
+			}()
+			qry, err := engine.NewRangeQuery(
+				stor, nil, c.expr,
+				time.Unix(int64((numIntervals-c.steps)*10), 0),
+				time.Unix(int64(numIntervals*10), 0), time.Second*10)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			res := qry.Exec(context.Background())
+			if res.Err != nil {
+				return res.Err
+			}
+			qry.Close()
+			return nil
+		})
+	}
+
+	err = g.Wait()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+}

promql/test.go

@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func (t *Test) parseEval(lines []string, i int) (int, *evalCmd, error) {
 			break
 		}
 		if f, err := parseNumber(defLine); err == nil {
-			cmd.expect(0, nil, parser.SequenceValue{Value: f})
+			cmd.expect(0, parser.SequenceValue{Value: f})
 			break
 		}
 		metric, vals, err := parser.ParseSeriesDesc(defLine)
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ func (t *Test) parseEval(lines []string, i int) (int, *evalCmd, error) {
 		if len(vals) > 1 {
 			return i, nil, raise(i, "expecting multiple values in instant evaluation not allowed")
 		}
-		cmd.expect(j, metric, vals...)
+		cmd.expectMetric(j, metric, vals...)
 	}
 	return i, cmd, nil
 }
@@ -368,13 +368,15 @@ func (ev *evalCmd) String() string {
 	return "eval"
 }
 
-// expect adds a new metric with a sequence of values to the set of expected
+// expect adds a sequence of values to the set of expected
 // results for the query.
-func (ev *evalCmd) expect(pos int, m labels.Labels, vals ...parser.SequenceValue) {
-	if m == nil {
+func (ev *evalCmd) expect(pos int, vals ...parser.SequenceValue) {
 	ev.expected[0] = entry{pos: pos, vals: vals}
-		return
 }
+
+// expectMetric adds a new metric with a sequence of values to the set of expected
+// results for the query.
+func (ev *evalCmd) expectMetric(pos int, m labels.Labels, vals ...parser.SequenceValue) {
 	h := m.Hash()
 	ev.metrics[h] = m
 	ev.expected[h] = entry{pos: pos, vals: vals}
@@ -491,8 +493,8 @@ func atModifierTestCases(exprStr string, evalTime time.Time) ([]atModifierTestCa
 	})
 
 	if containsNonStepInvariant {
-		// Since there is a step invariant function, we cannot automatically
-		// generate step invariant test cases for it sanely.
+		// Expression contains a function whose result can vary with evaluation
+		// time, even though its arguments are step invariant: skip it.
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 

promql/test_test.go

@@ -127,11 +127,11 @@ func TestLazyLoader_WithSamplesTill(t *testing.T) {
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 				for _, s := range tc.series {
 					var matchers []*labels.Matcher
-					for _, label := range s.Metric {
+					s.Metric.Range(func(label labels.Label) {
 						m, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, label.Name, label.Value)
 						require.NoError(t, err)
 						matchers = append(matchers, m)
-					}
+					})
 
 					// Get the series for the matcher.
 					ss := querier.Select(false, nil, matchers...)
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ func TestLazyLoader_WithSamplesTill(t *testing.T) {
 					got := Series{
 						Metric: storageSeries.Labels(),
 					}
-					it := storageSeries.Iterator()
+					it := storageSeries.Iterator(nil)
 					for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 						t, v := it.At()
 						got.Points = append(got.Points, Point{T: t, V: v})

promql/value.go

@@ -363,7 +363,11 @@ func (ss *StorageSeries) Labels() labels.Labels {
 }
 
 // Iterator returns a new iterator of the data of the series.
-func (ss *StorageSeries) Iterator() chunkenc.Iterator {
+func (ss *StorageSeries) Iterator(it chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
+	if ssi, ok := it.(*storageSeriesIterator); ok {
+		ssi.reset(ss.series)
+		return ssi
+	}
 	return newStorageSeriesIterator(ss.series)
 }
 
@@ -379,6 +383,11 @@ func newStorageSeriesIterator(series Series) *storageSeriesIterator {
 	}
 }
 
+func (ssi *storageSeriesIterator) reset(series Series) {
+	ssi.points = series.Points
+	ssi.curr = -1
+}
+
 func (ssi *storageSeriesIterator) Seek(t int64) chunkenc.ValueType {
 	i := ssi.curr
 	if i < 0 {

rules/alerting.go

@@ -146,10 +146,7 @@ func NewAlertingRule(
 	labels, annotations, externalLabels labels.Labels, externalURL string,
 	restored bool, logger log.Logger,
 ) *AlertingRule {
-	el := make(map[string]string, len(externalLabels))
-	for _, lbl := range externalLabels {
-		el[lbl.Name] = lbl.Value
-	}
+	el := externalLabels.Map()
 
 	return &AlertingRule{
 		name:                name,
@@ -217,16 +214,16 @@ func (r *AlertingRule) Annotations() labels.Labels {
 func (r *AlertingRule) sample(alert *Alert, ts time.Time) promql.Sample {
 	lb := labels.NewBuilder(r.labels)
 
-	for _, l := range alert.Labels {
+	alert.Labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
-	}
+	})
 
 	lb.Set(labels.MetricName, alertMetricName)
 	lb.Set(labels.AlertName, r.name)
 	lb.Set(alertStateLabel, alert.State.String())
 
 	s := promql.Sample{
-		Metric: lb.Labels(nil),
+		Metric: lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels()),
 		Point:  promql.Point{T: timestamp.FromTime(ts), V: 1},
 	}
 	return s
@@ -236,15 +233,15 @@ func (r *AlertingRule) sample(alert *Alert, ts time.Time) promql.Sample {
 func (r *AlertingRule) forStateSample(alert *Alert, ts time.Time, v float64) promql.Sample {
 	lb := labels.NewBuilder(r.labels)
 
-	for _, l := range alert.Labels {
+	alert.Labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
-	}
+	})
 
 	lb.Set(labels.MetricName, alertForStateMetricName)
 	lb.Set(labels.AlertName, r.name)
 
 	s := promql.Sample{
-		Metric: lb.Labels(nil),
+		Metric: lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels()),
 		Point:  promql.Point{T: timestamp.FromTime(ts), V: v},
 	}
 	return s
@@ -254,13 +251,13 @@ func (r *AlertingRule) forStateSample(alert *Alert, ts time.Time, v float64) pro
 func (r *AlertingRule) QueryforStateSeries(alert *Alert, q storage.Querier) (storage.Series, error) {
 	smpl := r.forStateSample(alert, time.Now(), 0)
 	var matchers []*labels.Matcher
-	for _, l := range smpl.Metric {
+	smpl.Metric.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		mt, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, l.Name, l.Value)
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
 		matchers = append(matchers, mt)
-	}
+	})
 	sset := q.Select(false, nil, matchers...)
 
 	var s storage.Series
@@ -268,7 +265,7 @@ func (r *AlertingRule) QueryforStateSeries(alert *Alert, q storage.Querier) (sto
 		// Query assures that smpl.Metric is included in sset.At().Labels(),
 		// hence just checking the length would act like equality.
 		// (This is faster than calling labels.Compare again as we already have some info).
-		if len(sset.At().Labels()) == len(matchers) {
+		if sset.At().Labels().Len() == len(matchers) {
 			s = sset.At()
 			break
 		}
@@ -327,10 +324,7 @@ func (r *AlertingRule) Eval(ctx context.Context, evalDelay time.Duration, ts tim
 	alerts := make(map[uint64]*Alert, len(res))
 	for _, smpl := range res {
 		// Provide the alert information to the template.
-		l := make(map[string]string, len(smpl.Metric))
-		for _, lbl := range smpl.Metric {
-			l[lbl.Name] = lbl.Value
-		}
+		l := smpl.Metric.Map()
 
 		tmplData := template.AlertTemplateData(l, r.externalLabels, r.externalURL, smpl.V)
 		// Inject some convenience variables that are easier to remember for users
@@ -363,17 +357,18 @@ func (r *AlertingRule) Eval(ctx context.Context, evalDelay time.Duration, ts tim
 
 		lb := labels.NewBuilder(smpl.Metric).Del(labels.MetricName)
 
-		for _, l := range r.labels {
+		r.labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			lb.Set(l.Name, expand(l.Value))
-		}
+		})
 		lb.Set(labels.AlertName, r.Name())
 
-		annotations := make(labels.Labels, 0, len(r.annotations))
-		for _, a := range r.annotations {
-			annotations = append(annotations, labels.Label{Name: a.Name, Value: expand(a.Value)})
-		}
+		sb := labels.ScratchBuilder{}
+		r.annotations.Range(func(a labels.Label) {
+			sb.Add(a.Name, expand(a.Value))
+		})
+		annotations := sb.Labels()
 
-		lbs := lb.Labels(nil)
+		lbs := lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 		h := lbs.Hash()
 		resultFPs[h] = struct{}{}
 

rules/manager.go

@@ -661,6 +661,7 @@ func (g *Group) Eval(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time) {
 			}
 			var (
 				numOutOfOrder = 0
+				numTooOld     = 0
 				numDuplicates = 0
 			)
 
@@ -685,10 +686,16 @@ func (g *Group) Eval(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time) {
 					rule.SetLastError(err)
 					sp.SetStatus(codes.Error, err.Error())
 					unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+					if unwrappedErr == nil {
+						unwrappedErr = err
+					}
 					switch {
 					case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample):
 						numOutOfOrder++
 						level.Debug(g.logger).Log("name", rule.Name(), "index", i, "msg", "Rule evaluation result discarded", "err", err, "sample", s)
+					case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrTooOldSample):
+						numTooOld++
+						level.Debug(g.logger).Log("name", rule.Name(), "index", i, "msg", "Rule evaluation result discarded", "err", err, "sample", s)
 					case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp):
 						numDuplicates++
 						level.Debug(g.logger).Log("name", rule.Name(), "index", i, "msg", "Rule evaluation result discarded", "err", err, "sample", s)
@@ -703,6 +710,9 @@ func (g *Group) Eval(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time) {
 			if numOutOfOrder > 0 {
 				level.Warn(g.logger).Log("name", rule.Name(), "index", i, "msg", "Error on ingesting out-of-order result from rule evaluation", "numDropped", numOutOfOrder)
 			}
+			if numTooOld > 0 {
+				level.Warn(g.logger).Log("name", rule.Name(), "index", i, "msg", "Error on ingesting too old result from rule evaluation", "numDropped", numTooOld)
+			}
 			if numDuplicates > 0 {
 				level.Warn(g.logger).Log("name", rule.Name(), "index", i, "msg", "Error on ingesting results from rule evaluation with different value but same timestamp", "numDropped", numDuplicates)
 			}
@@ -712,9 +722,14 @@ func (g *Group) Eval(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time) {
 					// Series no longer exposed, mark it stale.
 					_, err = app.Append(0, lset, timestamp.FromTime(ts.Add(-evaluationDelay)), math.Float64frombits(value.StaleNaN))
 					unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+					if unwrappedErr == nil {
+						unwrappedErr = err
+					}
 					switch {
 					case unwrappedErr == nil:
-					case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample), errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp):
+					case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample),
+						errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrTooOldSample),
+						errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp):
 						// Do not count these in logging, as this is expected if series
 						// is exposed from a different rule.
 					default:
@@ -750,9 +765,14 @@ func (g *Group) cleanupStaleSeries(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time) {
 		// Rule that produced series no longer configured, mark it stale.
 		_, err := app.Append(0, s, timestamp.FromTime(ts.Add(-evaluationDelay)), math.Float64frombits(value.StaleNaN))
 		unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+		if unwrappedErr == nil {
+			unwrappedErr = err
+		}
 		switch {
 		case unwrappedErr == nil:
-		case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample), errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp):
+		case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample),
+			errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrTooOldSample),
+			errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp):
 			// Do not count these in logging, as this is expected if series
 			// is exposed from a different rule.
 		default:
@@ -821,7 +841,7 @@ func (g *Group) RestoreForState(ts time.Time) {
 			// Series found for the 'for' state.
 			var t int64
 			var v float64
-			it := s.Iterator()
+			it := s.Iterator(nil)
 			for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 				t, v = it.At()
 			}

rules/manager_test.go

@@ -607,12 +607,13 @@ func TestStaleness(t *testing.T) {
 // Convert a SeriesSet into a form usable with require.Equal.
 func readSeriesSet(ss storage.SeriesSet) (map[string][]promql.Point, error) {
 	result := map[string][]promql.Point{}
+	var it chunkenc.Iterator
 
 	for ss.Next() {
 		series := ss.At()
 
 		points := []promql.Point{}
-		it := series.Iterator()
+		it := series.Iterator(it)
 		for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 			t, v := it.At()
 			points = append(points, promql.Point{T: t, V: v})

rules/recording.go

@@ -85,11 +85,11 @@ func (rule *RecordingRule) Eval(ctx context.Context, evalDelay time.Duration, ts
 
 		lb.Set(labels.MetricName, rule.name)
 
-		for _, l := range rule.labels {
+		rule.labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
-		}
+		})
 
-		sample.Metric = lb.Labels(nil)
+		sample.Metric = lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 	}
 
 	// Check that the rule does not produce identical metrics after applying

scrape/helpers_test.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (a nopAppender) AppendExemplar(storage.SeriesRef, labels.Labels, exemplar.E
 	return 0, nil
 }
 
-func (a nopAppender) AppendHistogram(storage.SeriesRef, labels.Labels, int64, *histogram.Histogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
+func (a nopAppender) AppendHistogram(storage.SeriesRef, labels.Labels, int64, *histogram.Histogram, *histogram.FloatHistogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
 	return 0, nil
 }
 
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ type sample struct {
 type histogramSample struct {
 	t  int64
 	h  *histogram.Histogram
+	fh *histogram.FloatHistogram
 }
 
 // collectResultAppender records all samples that were added through the appender.
@@ -110,13 +111,13 @@ func (a *collectResultAppender) AppendExemplar(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.L
 	return a.next.AppendExemplar(ref, l, e)
 }
 
-func (a *collectResultAppender) AppendHistogram(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
-	a.pendingHistograms = append(a.pendingHistograms, histogramSample{h: h, t: t})
+func (a *collectResultAppender) AppendHistogram(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram, fh *histogram.FloatHistogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
+	a.pendingHistograms = append(a.pendingHistograms, histogramSample{h: h, fh: fh, t: t})
 	if a.next == nil {
 		return 0, nil
 	}
 
-	return a.next.AppendHistogram(ref, l, t, h)
+	return a.next.AppendHistogram(ref, l, t, h, fh)
 }
 
 func (a *collectResultAppender) UpdateMetadata(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, m metadata.Metadata) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {

scrape/manager.go

@@ -313,6 +313,18 @@ func (m *Manager) TargetsAll() map[string][]*Target {
 	return targets
 }
 
+// ScrapePools returns the list of all scrape pool names.
+func (m *Manager) ScrapePools() []string {
+	m.mtxScrape.Lock()
+	defer m.mtxScrape.Unlock()
+
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(m.scrapePools))
+	for name := range m.scrapePools {
+		names = append(names, name)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
 // TargetsActive returns the active targets currently being scraped.
 func (m *Manager) TargetsActive() map[string][]*Target {
 	m.mtxScrape.Lock()

scrape/manager_test.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 package scrape
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
 
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/config"
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/discovery"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/discovery/targetgroup"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/labels"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/relabel"
@@ -149,8 +151,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "no address",
 		},
 		// Address label missing, but added in relabelling.
@@ -242,8 +244,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "invalid label value for \"custom\": \"\\xbd\"",
 		},
 		// Invalid duration in interval label.
@@ -259,8 +261,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "error parsing scrape interval: not a valid duration string: \"2notseconds\"",
 		},
 		// Invalid duration in timeout label.
@@ -276,8 +278,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "error parsing scrape timeout: not a valid duration string: \"2notseconds\"",
 		},
 		// 0 interval in timeout label.
@@ -293,8 +295,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "scrape interval cannot be 0",
 		},
 		// 0 duration in timeout label.
@@ -310,8 +312,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "scrape timeout cannot be 0",
 		},
 		// Timeout less than interval.
@@ -328,8 +330,8 @@ func TestPopulateLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				ScrapeInterval: model.Duration(time.Second),
 				ScrapeTimeout:  model.Duration(time.Second),
 			},
-			res:     nil,
-			resOrig: nil,
+			res:     labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			resOrig: labels.EmptyLabels(),
 			err:     "scrape timeout cannot be greater than scrape interval (\"2s\" > \"1s\")",
 		},
 		// Don't attach default port.
@@ -635,3 +637,69 @@ global:
 		t.Error("Jitter should not be the same on different set of external labels")
 	}
 }
+
+func TestManagerScrapePools(t *testing.T) {
+	cfgText1 := `
+scrape_configs:
+- job_name: job1
+  static_configs:
+  - targets: ["foo:9090"]
+- job_name: job2
+  static_configs:
+  - targets: ["foo:9091", "foo:9092"]
+`
+	cfgText2 := `
+scrape_configs:
+- job_name: job1
+  static_configs:
+  - targets: ["foo:9090", "foo:9094"]
+- job_name: job3
+  static_configs:
+  - targets: ["foo:9093"]
+`
+	var (
+		cfg1 = loadConfiguration(t, cfgText1)
+		cfg2 = loadConfiguration(t, cfgText2)
+	)
+
+	reload := func(scrapeManager *Manager, cfg *config.Config) {
+		newLoop := func(scrapeLoopOptions) loop {
+			return noopLoop()
+		}
+		scrapeManager.scrapePools = map[string]*scrapePool{}
+		for _, sc := range cfg.ScrapeConfigs {
+			_, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+			defer cancel()
+			sp := &scrapePool{
+				appendable:    &nopAppendable{},
+				activeTargets: map[uint64]*Target{},
+				loops: map[uint64]loop{
+					1: noopLoop(),
+				},
+				newLoop: newLoop,
+				logger:  nil,
+				config:  sc,
+				client:  http.DefaultClient,
+				cancel:  cancel,
+			}
+			for _, c := range sc.ServiceDiscoveryConfigs {
+				staticConfig := c.(discovery.StaticConfig)
+				for _, group := range staticConfig {
+					for i := range group.Targets {
+						sp.activeTargets[uint64(i)] = &Target{}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			scrapeManager.scrapePools[sc.JobName] = sp
+		}
+	}
+
+	opts := Options{}
+	scrapeManager := NewManager(&opts, nil, nil)
+
+	reload(scrapeManager, cfg1)
+	require.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"job1", "job2"}, scrapeManager.ScrapePools())
+
+	reload(scrapeManager, cfg2)
+	require.ElementsMatch(t, []string{"job1", "job3"}, scrapeManager.ScrapePools())
+}

scrape/scrape.go

@@ -268,6 +268,7 @@ type scrapeLoopOptions struct {
 
 const maxAheadTime = 10 * time.Minute
 
+// returning an empty label set is interpreted as "drop"
 type labelsMutator func(labels.Labels) labels.Labels
 
 func newScrapePool(cfg *config.ScrapeConfig, app storage.Appendable, jitterSeed uint64, logger log.Logger, options *Options) (*scrapePool, error) {
@@ -498,9 +499,9 @@ func (sp *scrapePool) Sync(tgs []*targetgroup.Group) {
 		}
 		targetSyncFailed.WithLabelValues(sp.config.JobName).Add(float64(len(failures)))
 		for _, t := range targets {
-			if t.Labels().Len() > 0 {
+			if !t.Labels().IsEmpty() {
 				all = append(all, t)
-			} else if t.DiscoveredLabels().Len() > 0 {
+			} else if !t.DiscoveredLabels().IsEmpty() {
 				sp.droppedTargets = append(sp.droppedTargets, t)
 			}
 		}
@@ -634,7 +635,7 @@ func verifyLabelLimits(lset labels.Labels, limits *labelLimits) error {
 
 	met := lset.Get(labels.MetricName)
 	if limits.labelLimit > 0 {
-		nbLabels := len(lset)
+		nbLabels := lset.Len()
 		if nbLabels > int(limits.labelLimit) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("label_limit exceeded (metric: %.50s, number of labels: %d, limit: %d)", met, nbLabels, limits.labelLimit)
 		}
@@ -644,7 +645,7 @@ func verifyLabelLimits(lset labels.Labels, limits *labelLimits) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	for _, l := range lset {
+	return lset.Validate(func(l labels.Label) error {
 		if limits.labelNameLengthLimit > 0 {
 			nameLength := len(l.Name)
 			if nameLength > int(limits.labelNameLengthLimit) {
@@ -658,8 +659,8 @@ func verifyLabelLimits(lset labels.Labels, limits *labelLimits) error {
 				return fmt.Errorf("label_value_length_limit exceeded (metric: %.50s, label name: %.50s, value: %.50q, length: %d, limit: %d)", met, l.Name, l.Value, valueLength, limits.labelValueLengthLimit)
 			}
 		}
-	}
 		return nil
+	})
 }
 
 func mutateSampleLabels(lset labels.Labels, target *Target, honor bool, rc []*relabel.Config) labels.Labels {
@@ -667,37 +668,37 @@ func mutateSampleLabels(lset labels.Labels, target *Target, honor bool, rc []*re
 	targetLabels := target.Labels()
 
 	if honor {
-		for _, l := range targetLabels {
+		targetLabels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			if !lset.Has(l.Name) {
 				lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
 			}
-		}
+		})
 	} else {
-		var conflictingExposedLabels labels.Labels
-		for _, l := range targetLabels {
+		var conflictingExposedLabels []labels.Label
+		targetLabels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 			existingValue := lset.Get(l.Name)
 			if existingValue != "" {
 				conflictingExposedLabels = append(conflictingExposedLabels, labels.Label{Name: l.Name, Value: existingValue})
 			}
 			// It is now safe to set the target label.
 			lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
-		}
+		})
 
 		if len(conflictingExposedLabels) > 0 {
 			resolveConflictingExposedLabels(lb, lset, targetLabels, conflictingExposedLabels)
 		}
 	}
 
-	res := lb.Labels(nil)
+	res := lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 
 	if len(rc) > 0 {
-		res = relabel.Process(res, rc...)
+		res, _ = relabel.Process(res, rc...)
 	}
 
 	return res
 }
 
-func resolveConflictingExposedLabels(lb *labels.Builder, exposedLabels, targetLabels, conflictingExposedLabels labels.Labels) {
+func resolveConflictingExposedLabels(lb *labels.Builder, exposedLabels, targetLabels labels.Labels, conflictingExposedLabels []labels.Label) {
 	sort.SliceStable(conflictingExposedLabels, func(i, j int) bool {
 		return len(conflictingExposedLabels[i].Name) < len(conflictingExposedLabels[j].Name)
 	})
@@ -708,7 +709,7 @@ func resolveConflictingExposedLabels(lb *labels.Builder, exposedLabels, targetLa
 			newName = model.ExportedLabelPrefix + newName
 			if !exposedLabels.Has(newName) &&
 				!targetLabels.Has(newName) &&
-				!conflictingExposedLabels[:i].Has(newName) {
+				!labelSliceHas(conflictingExposedLabels[:i], newName) {
 				conflictingExposedLabels[i].Name = newName
 				break
 			}
@@ -720,15 +721,24 @@ func resolveConflictingExposedLabels(lb *labels.Builder, exposedLabels, targetLa
 	}
 }
 
+func labelSliceHas(lbls []labels.Label, name string) bool {
+	for _, l := range lbls {
+		if l.Name == name {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 func mutateReportSampleLabels(lset labels.Labels, target *Target) labels.Labels {
 	lb := labels.NewBuilder(lset)
 
-	for _, l := range target.Labels() {
+	target.Labels().Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		lb.Set(model.ExportedLabelPrefix+l.Name, lset.Get(l.Name))
 		lb.Set(l.Name, l.Value)
-	}
+	})
 
-	return lb.Labels(nil)
+	return lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 }
 
 // appender returns an appender for ingested samples from the target.
@@ -1531,6 +1541,7 @@ loop:
 			parsedTimestamp          *int64
 			val                      float64
 			h                        *histogram.Histogram
+			fh                       *histogram.FloatHistogram
 		)
 		if et, err = p.Next(); err != nil {
 			if err == io.EOF {
@@ -1558,8 +1569,7 @@ loop:
 
 		t := defTime
 		if isHistogram {
-			met, parsedTimestamp, h, _ = p.Histogram()
-			// TODO: ingest float histograms in tsdb.
+			met, parsedTimestamp, h, fh = p.Histogram()
 		} else {
 			met, parsedTimestamp, val = p.Series()
 		}
@@ -1599,8 +1609,8 @@ loop:
 			// and relabeling and store the final label set.
 			lset = sl.sampleMutator(lset)
 
-			// The label set may be set to nil to indicate dropping.
-			if lset == nil {
+			// The label set may be set to empty to indicate dropping.
+			if lset.IsEmpty() {
 				sl.cache.addDropped(mets)
 				continue
 			}
@@ -1609,6 +1619,10 @@ loop:
 				err = errNameLabelMandatory
 				break loop
 			}
+			if !lset.IsValid() {
+				err = fmt.Errorf("invalid metric name or label names: %s", lset.String())
+				break loop
+			}
 
 			// If any label limits is exceeded the scrape should fail.
 			if err = verifyLabelLimits(lset, sl.labelLimits); err != nil {
@@ -1622,7 +1636,9 @@ loop:
 
 		if isHistogram {
 			if h != nil {
-				ref, err = app.AppendHistogram(ref, lset, t, h)
+				ref, err = app.AppendHistogram(ref, lset, t, h, nil)
+			} else {
+				ref, err = app.AppendHistogram(ref, lset, t, nil, fh)
 			}
 		} else {
 			ref, err = app.Append(ref, lset, t, val)
@@ -1853,12 +1869,10 @@ func (sl *scrapeLoop) addReportSample(app storage.Appender, s string, t int64, v
 		ref = ce.ref
 		lset = ce.lset
 	} else {
-		lset = labels.Labels{
 		// The constants are suffixed with the invalid \xff unicode rune to avoid collisions
 		// with scraped metrics in the cache.
 		// We have to drop it when building the actual metric.
-			labels.Label{Name: labels.MetricName, Value: s[:len(s)-1]},
-		}
+		lset = labels.FromStrings(labels.MetricName, s[:len(s)-1])
 		lset = sl.reportSampleMutator(lset)
 	}
 

scrape/scrape_test.go

@@ -1020,6 +1020,51 @@ func TestScrapeLoopSeriesAdded(t *testing.T) {
 	require.Equal(t, 0, seriesAdded)
 }
 
+func TestScrapeLoopFailWithInvalidLabelsAfterRelabel(t *testing.T) {
+	s := teststorage.New(t)
+	defer s.Close()
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer cancel()
+
+	target := &Target{
+		labels: labels.FromStrings("pod_label_invalid_012", "test"),
+	}
+	relabelConfig := []*relabel.Config{{
+		Action:      relabel.LabelMap,
+		Regex:       relabel.MustNewRegexp("pod_label_invalid_(.+)"),
+		Separator:   ";",
+		Replacement: "$1",
+	}}
+	sl := newScrapeLoop(ctx,
+		&testScraper{},
+		nil, nil,
+		func(l labels.Labels) labels.Labels {
+			return mutateSampleLabels(l, target, true, relabelConfig)
+		},
+		nopMutator,
+		s.Appender,
+		nil,
+		0,
+		true,
+		0,
+		nil,
+		0,
+		0,
+		false,
+		false,
+		nil,
+		false,
+	)
+
+	slApp := sl.appender(ctx)
+	total, added, seriesAdded, err := sl.append(slApp, []byte("test_metric 1\n"), "", time.Time{})
+	require.ErrorContains(t, err, "invalid metric name or label names")
+	require.NoError(t, slApp.Rollback())
+	require.Equal(t, 1, total)
+	require.Equal(t, 0, added)
+	require.Equal(t, 0, seriesAdded)
+}
+
 func makeTestMetrics(n int) []byte {
 	// Construct a metrics string to parse
 	sb := bytes.Buffer{}
@@ -1578,7 +1623,7 @@ func TestScrapeLoopAppendSampleLimit(t *testing.T) {
 		nil, nil, nil,
 		func(l labels.Labels) labels.Labels {
 			if l.Has("deleteme") {
-				return nil
+				return labels.EmptyLabels()
 			}
 			return l
 		},
@@ -2914,7 +2959,7 @@ func TestScrapeReportSingleAppender(t *testing.T) {
 
 		c := 0
 		for series.Next() {
-			i := series.At().Iterator()
+			i := series.At().Iterator(nil)
 			for i.Next() != chunkenc.ValNone {
 				c++
 			}
@@ -2987,7 +3032,7 @@ func TestScrapeReportLimit(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var found bool
 	for series.Next() {
-		i := series.At().Iterator()
+		i := series.At().Iterator(nil)
 		for i.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 			_, v := i.At()
 			require.Equal(t, 1.0, v)

scrape/target.go

@@ -172,22 +172,20 @@ func (t *Target) offset(interval time.Duration, jitterSeed uint64) time.Duration
 
 // Labels returns a copy of the set of all public labels of the target.
 func (t *Target) Labels() labels.Labels {
-	lset := make(labels.Labels, 0, len(t.labels))
-	for _, l := range t.labels {
+	b := labels.NewScratchBuilder(t.labels.Len())
+	t.labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(l.Name, model.ReservedLabelPrefix) {
-			lset = append(lset, l)
+			b.Add(l.Name, l.Value)
 		}
-	}
-	return lset
+	})
+	return b.Labels()
 }
 
 // DiscoveredLabels returns a copy of the target's labels before any processing.
 func (t *Target) DiscoveredLabels() labels.Labels {
 	t.mtx.Lock()
 	defer t.mtx.Unlock()
-	lset := make(labels.Labels, len(t.discoveredLabels))
-	copy(lset, t.discoveredLabels)
-	return lset
+	return t.discoveredLabels.Copy()
 }
 
 // SetDiscoveredLabels sets new DiscoveredLabels
@@ -205,9 +203,9 @@ func (t *Target) URL() *url.URL {
 		params[k] = make([]string, len(v))
 		copy(params[k], v)
 	}
-	for _, l := range t.labels {
+	t.labels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		if !strings.HasPrefix(l.Name, model.ParamLabelPrefix) {
-			continue
+			return
 		}
 		ks := l.Name[len(model.ParamLabelPrefix):]
 
@@ -216,7 +214,7 @@ func (t *Target) URL() *url.URL {
 		} else {
 			params[ks] = []string{l.Value}
 		}
-	}
+	})
 
 	return &url.URL{
 		Scheme:   t.labels.Get(model.SchemeLabel),
@@ -374,15 +372,15 @@ func PopulateLabels(lset labels.Labels, cfg *config.ScrapeConfig, noDefaultPort
 		}
 	}
 
-	preRelabelLabels := lb.Labels(nil)
-	lset = relabel.Process(preRelabelLabels, cfg.RelabelConfigs...)
+	preRelabelLabels := lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
+	lset, keep := relabel.Process(preRelabelLabels, cfg.RelabelConfigs...)
 
 	// Check if the target was dropped.
-	if lset == nil {
-		return nil, preRelabelLabels, nil
+	if !keep {
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), preRelabelLabels, nil
 	}
 	if v := lset.Get(model.AddressLabel); v == "" {
-		return nil, nil, errors.New("no address")
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.New("no address")
 	}
 
 	lb = labels.NewBuilder(lset)
@@ -413,7 +411,7 @@ func PopulateLabels(lset labels.Labels, cfg *config.ScrapeConfig, noDefaultPort
 		case "https":
 			addr = addr + ":443"
 		default:
-			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("invalid scheme: %q", cfg.Scheme)
+			return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.Errorf("invalid scheme: %q", cfg.Scheme)
 		}
 		lb.Set(model.AddressLabel, addr)
 	}
@@ -434,50 +432,54 @@ func PopulateLabels(lset labels.Labels, cfg *config.ScrapeConfig, noDefaultPort
 	}
 
 	if err := config.CheckTargetAddress(model.LabelValue(addr)); err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), err
 	}
 
 	interval := lset.Get(model.ScrapeIntervalLabel)
 	intervalDuration, err := model.ParseDuration(interval)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("error parsing scrape interval: %v", err)
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.Errorf("error parsing scrape interval: %v", err)
 	}
 	if time.Duration(intervalDuration) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil, errors.New("scrape interval cannot be 0")
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.New("scrape interval cannot be 0")
 	}
 
 	timeout := lset.Get(model.ScrapeTimeoutLabel)
 	timeoutDuration, err := model.ParseDuration(timeout)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("error parsing scrape timeout: %v", err)
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.Errorf("error parsing scrape timeout: %v", err)
 	}
 	if time.Duration(timeoutDuration) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil, errors.New("scrape timeout cannot be 0")
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.New("scrape timeout cannot be 0")
 	}
 
 	if timeoutDuration > intervalDuration {
-		return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("scrape timeout cannot be greater than scrape interval (%q > %q)", timeout, interval)
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), errors.Errorf("scrape timeout cannot be greater than scrape interval (%q > %q)", timeout, interval)
 	}
 
 	// Meta labels are deleted after relabelling. Other internal labels propagate to
 	// the target which decides whether they will be part of their label set.
-	for _, l := range lset {
+	lset.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		if strings.HasPrefix(l.Name, model.MetaLabelPrefix) {
 			lb.Del(l.Name)
 		}
-	}
+	})
 
 	// Default the instance label to the target address.
 	if v := lset.Get(model.InstanceLabel); v == "" {
 		lb.Set(model.InstanceLabel, addr)
 	}
 
-	res = lb.Labels(nil)
-	for _, l := range res {
+	res = lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
+	err = res.Validate(func(l labels.Label) error {
 		// Check label values are valid, drop the target if not.
 		if !model.LabelValue(l.Value).IsValid() {
-			return nil, nil, errors.Errorf("invalid label value for %q: %q", l.Name, l.Value)
+			return errors.Errorf("invalid label value for %q: %q", l.Name, l.Value)
 		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), err
 	}
 	return res, preRelabelLabels, nil
 }
@@ -501,12 +503,12 @@ func TargetsFromGroup(tg *targetgroup.Group, cfg *config.ScrapeConfig, noDefault
 
 		lset := labels.New(lbls...)
 
-		lbls, origLabels, err := PopulateLabels(lset, cfg, noDefaultPort)
+		lset, origLabels, err := PopulateLabels(lset, cfg, noDefaultPort)
 		if err != nil {
 			failures = append(failures, errors.Wrapf(err, "instance %d in group %s", i, tg))
 		}
-		if lbls != nil || origLabels != nil {
-			targets = append(targets, NewTarget(lbls, origLabels, cfg.Params))
+		if !lset.IsEmpty() || !origLabels.IsEmpty() {
+			targets = append(targets, NewTarget(lset, origLabels, cfg.Params))
 		}
 	}
 	return targets, failures

scrape/target_test.go

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func newTestTarget(targetURL string, deadline time.Duration, lbls labels.Labels)
 	lb.Set(model.AddressLabel, strings.TrimPrefix(targetURL, "http://"))
 	lb.Set(model.MetricsPathLabel, "/metrics")
 
-	return &Target{labels: lb.Labels(nil)}
+	return &Target{labels: lb.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())}
 }
 
 func TestNewHTTPBearerToken(t *testing.T) {

storage/fanout.go

@@ -174,14 +174,14 @@ func (f *fanoutAppender) AppendExemplar(ref SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, e exempl
 	return ref, nil
 }
 
-func (f *fanoutAppender) AppendHistogram(ref SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram) (SeriesRef, error) {
-	ref, err := f.primary.AppendHistogram(ref, l, t, h)
+func (f *fanoutAppender) AppendHistogram(ref SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram, fh *histogram.FloatHistogram) (SeriesRef, error) {
+	ref, err := f.primary.AppendHistogram(ref, l, t, h, fh)
 	if err != nil {
 		return ref, err
 	}
 
 	for _, appender := range f.secondaries {
-		if _, err := appender.AppendHistogram(ref, l, t, h); err != nil {
+		if _, err := appender.AppendHistogram(ref, l, t, h, fh); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
 		}
 	}

storage/fanout_test.go

@@ -86,11 +86,12 @@ func TestFanout_SelectSorted(t *testing.T) {
 
 		result := make(map[int64]float64)
 		var labelsResult labels.Labels
+		var iterator chunkenc.Iterator
 		for seriesSet.Next() {
 			series := seriesSet.At()
 			seriesLabels := series.Labels()
 			labelsResult = seriesLabels
-			iterator := series.Iterator()
+			iterator := series.Iterator(iterator)
 			for iterator.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 				timestamp, value := iterator.At()
 				result[timestamp] = value
@@ -112,11 +113,12 @@ func TestFanout_SelectSorted(t *testing.T) {
 
 		result := make(map[int64]float64)
 		var labelsResult labels.Labels
+		var iterator chunkenc.Iterator
 		for seriesSet.Next() {
 			series := seriesSet.At()
 			seriesLabels := series.Labels()
 			labelsResult = seriesLabels
-			iterator := series.Iterator()
+			iterator := series.Iterator(iterator)
 			for iterator.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 				timestamp, value := iterator.At()
 				result[timestamp] = value

storage/interface.go

@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ type HistogramAppender interface {
 	// For efficiency reasons, the histogram is passed as a
 	// pointer. AppendHistogram won't mutate the histogram, but in turn
 	// depends on the caller to not mutate it either.
-	AppendHistogram(ref SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram) (SeriesRef, error)
+	AppendHistogram(ref SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram, fh *histogram.FloatHistogram) (SeriesRef, error)
 }
 
 // MetadataUpdater provides an interface for associating metadata to stored series.
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ func (s mockSeries) Labels() labels.Labels {
 	return labels.FromStrings(s.labelSet...)
 }
 
-func (s mockSeries) Iterator() chunkenc.Iterator {
+func (s mockSeries) Iterator(chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
 	return chunkenc.MockSeriesIterator(s.timestamps, s.values)
 }
 
@@ -424,14 +424,17 @@ type Labels interface {
 }
 
 type SampleIterable interface {
-	// Iterator returns a new, independent iterator of the data of the series.
-	Iterator() chunkenc.Iterator
+	// Iterator returns an iterator of the data of the series.
+	// The iterator passed as argument is for re-use, if not nil.
+	// Depending on implementation, the iterator can
+	// be re-used or a new iterator can be allocated.
+	Iterator(chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator
 }
 
 type ChunkIterable interface {
-	// Iterator returns a new, independent iterator that iterates over potentially overlapping
+	// Iterator returns an iterator that iterates over potentially overlapping
 	// chunks of the series, sorted by min time.
-	Iterator() chunks.Iterator
+	Iterator(chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator
 }
 
 type Warnings []error

storage/merge.go

@@ -425,12 +425,8 @@ func ChainedSeriesMerge(series ...Series) Series {
 	}
 	return &SeriesEntry{
 		Lset: series[0].Labels(),
-		SampleIteratorFn: func() chunkenc.Iterator {
-			iterators := make([]chunkenc.Iterator, 0, len(series))
-			for _, s := range series {
-				iterators = append(iterators, s.Iterator())
-			}
-			return NewChainSampleIterator(iterators)
+		SampleIteratorFn: func(it chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
+			return ChainSampleIteratorFromSeries(it, series)
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -446,15 +442,42 @@ type chainSampleIterator struct {
 	lastT int64
 }
 
-// NewChainSampleIterator returns a single iterator that iterates over the samples from the given iterators in a sorted
-// fashion. If samples overlap, one sample from overlapped ones is kept (randomly) and all others with the same
-// timestamp are dropped.
-func NewChainSampleIterator(iterators []chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
-	return &chainSampleIterator{
-		iterators: iterators,
-		h:         nil,
-		lastT:     math.MinInt64,
+// Return a chainSampleIterator initialized for length entries, re-using the memory from it if possible.
+func getChainSampleIterator(it chunkenc.Iterator, length int) *chainSampleIterator {
+	csi, ok := it.(*chainSampleIterator)
+	if !ok {
+		csi = &chainSampleIterator{}
 	}
+	if cap(csi.iterators) < length {
+		csi.iterators = make([]chunkenc.Iterator, length)
+	} else {
+		csi.iterators = csi.iterators[:length]
+	}
+	csi.h = nil
+	csi.lastT = math.MinInt64
+	return csi
+}
+
+func ChainSampleIteratorFromSeries(it chunkenc.Iterator, series []Series) chunkenc.Iterator {
+	csi := getChainSampleIterator(it, len(series))
+	for i, s := range series {
+		csi.iterators[i] = s.Iterator(csi.iterators[i])
+	}
+	return csi
+}
+
+func ChainSampleIteratorFromMetas(it chunkenc.Iterator, chunks []chunks.Meta) chunkenc.Iterator {
+	csi := getChainSampleIterator(it, len(chunks))
+	for i, c := range chunks {
+		csi.iterators[i] = c.Chunk.Iterator(csi.iterators[i])
+	}
+	return csi
+}
+
+func ChainSampleIteratorFromIterators(it chunkenc.Iterator, iterators []chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
+	csi := getChainSampleIterator(it, 0)
+	csi.iterators = iterators
+	return csi
 }
 
 func (c *chainSampleIterator) Seek(t int64) chunkenc.ValueType {
@@ -607,10 +630,10 @@ func NewCompactingChunkSeriesMerger(mergeFunc VerticalSeriesMergeFunc) VerticalC
 		}
 		return &ChunkSeriesEntry{
 			Lset: series[0].Labels(),
-			ChunkIteratorFn: func() chunks.Iterator {
+			ChunkIteratorFn: func(chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator {
 				iterators := make([]chunks.Iterator, 0, len(series))
 				for _, s := range series {
-					iterators = append(iterators, s.Iterator())
+					iterators = append(iterators, s.Iterator(nil))
 				}
 				return &compactChunkIterator{
 					mergeFunc: mergeFunc,
@@ -676,7 +699,7 @@ func (c *compactChunkIterator) Next() bool {
 			// 1:1 duplicates, skip it.
 		} else {
 			// We operate on same series, so labels does not matter here.
-			overlapping = append(overlapping, newChunkToSeriesDecoder(nil, next))
+			overlapping = append(overlapping, newChunkToSeriesDecoder(labels.EmptyLabels(), next))
 			if next.MaxTime > oMaxTime {
 				oMaxTime = next.MaxTime
 			}
@@ -693,7 +716,7 @@ func (c *compactChunkIterator) Next() bool {
 	}
 
 	// Add last as it's not yet included in overlap. We operate on same series, so labels does not matter here.
-	iter = NewSeriesToChunkEncoder(c.mergeFunc(append(overlapping, newChunkToSeriesDecoder(nil, c.curr))...)).Iterator()
+	iter = NewSeriesToChunkEncoder(c.mergeFunc(append(overlapping, newChunkToSeriesDecoder(labels.EmptyLabels(), c.curr))...)).Iterator(nil)
 	if !iter.Next() {
 		if c.err = iter.Err(); c.err != nil {
 			return false
@@ -751,10 +774,10 @@ func NewConcatenatingChunkSeriesMerger() VerticalChunkSeriesMergeFunc {
 		}
 		return &ChunkSeriesEntry{
 			Lset: series[0].Labels(),
-			ChunkIteratorFn: func() chunks.Iterator {
+			ChunkIteratorFn: func(chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator {
 				iterators := make([]chunks.Iterator, 0, len(series))
 				for _, s := range series {
-					iterators = append(iterators, s.Iterator())
+					iterators = append(iterators, s.Iterator(nil))
 				}
 				return &concatenatingChunkIterator{
 					iterators: iterators,

storage/merge_test.go

@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ func TestMergeQuerierWithChainMerger(t *testing.T) {
 				expectedSeries := tc.expected.At()
 				require.Equal(t, expectedSeries.Labels(), actualSeries.Labels())
 
-				expSmpl, expErr := ExpandSamples(expectedSeries.Iterator(), nil)
-				actSmpl, actErr := ExpandSamples(actualSeries.Iterator(), nil)
+				expSmpl, expErr := ExpandSamples(expectedSeries.Iterator(nil), nil)
+				actSmpl, actErr := ExpandSamples(actualSeries.Iterator(nil), nil)
 				require.Equal(t, expErr, actErr)
 				require.Equal(t, expSmpl, actSmpl)
 			}
@@ -370,8 +370,8 @@ func TestMergeChunkQuerierWithNoVerticalChunkSeriesMerger(t *testing.T) {
 				expectedSeries := tc.expected.At()
 				require.Equal(t, expectedSeries.Labels(), actualSeries.Labels())
 
-				expChks, expErr := ExpandChunks(expectedSeries.Iterator())
-				actChks, actErr := ExpandChunks(actualSeries.Iterator())
+				expChks, expErr := ExpandChunks(expectedSeries.Iterator(nil))
+				actChks, actErr := ExpandChunks(actualSeries.Iterator(nil))
 				require.Equal(t, expErr, actErr)
 				require.Equal(t, expChks, actChks)
 
@@ -533,8 +533,8 @@ func TestCompactingChunkSeriesMerger(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			merged := m(tc.input...)
 			require.Equal(t, tc.expected.Labels(), merged.Labels())
-			actChks, actErr := ExpandChunks(merged.Iterator())
-			expChks, expErr := ExpandChunks(tc.expected.Iterator())
+			actChks, actErr := ExpandChunks(merged.Iterator(nil))
+			expChks, expErr := ExpandChunks(tc.expected.Iterator(nil))
 
 			require.Equal(t, expErr, actErr)
 			require.Equal(t, expChks, actChks)
@@ -667,8 +667,8 @@ func TestConcatenatingChunkSeriesMerger(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			merged := m(tc.input...)
 			require.Equal(t, tc.expected.Labels(), merged.Labels())
-			actChks, actErr := ExpandChunks(merged.Iterator())
-			expChks, expErr := ExpandChunks(tc.expected.Iterator())
+			actChks, actErr := ExpandChunks(merged.Iterator(nil))
+			expChks, expErr := ExpandChunks(tc.expected.Iterator(nil))
 
 			require.Equal(t, expErr, actErr)
 			require.Equal(t, expChks, actChks)
@@ -809,7 +809,7 @@ func TestChainSampleIterator(t *testing.T) {
 			expected: []tsdbutil.Sample{sample{0, 0, nil, nil}, sample{1, 1, nil, nil}, sample{2, 2, nil, nil}, sample{3, 3, nil, nil}},
 		},
 	} {
-		merged := NewChainSampleIterator(tc.input)
+		merged := ChainSampleIteratorFromIterators(nil, tc.input)
 		actual, err := ExpandSamples(merged, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 		require.Equal(t, tc.expected, actual)
@@ -855,7 +855,7 @@ func TestChainSampleIteratorSeek(t *testing.T) {
 			expected: []tsdbutil.Sample{sample{0, 0, nil, nil}, sample{1, 1, nil, nil}, sample{2, 2, nil, nil}, sample{3, 3, nil, nil}},
 		},
 	} {
-		merged := NewChainSampleIterator(tc.input)
+		merged := ChainSampleIteratorFromIterators(nil, tc.input)
 		actual := []tsdbutil.Sample{}
 		if merged.Seek(tc.seek) == chunkenc.ValFloat {
 			t, v := merged.At()
@@ -868,9 +868,7 @@ func TestChainSampleIteratorSeek(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-var result []tsdbutil.Sample
-
-func makeSeriesSet(numSeries, numSamples int) SeriesSet {
+func makeSeries(numSeries, numSamples int) []Series {
 	series := []Series{}
 	for j := 0; j < numSeries; j++ {
 		labels := labels.FromStrings("foo", fmt.Sprintf("bar%d", j))
@@ -880,30 +878,39 @@ func makeSeriesSet(numSeries, numSamples int) SeriesSet {
 		}
 		series = append(series, NewListSeries(labels, samples))
 	}
-	return NewMockSeriesSet(series...)
+	return series
 }
 
-func makeMergeSeriesSet(numSeriesSets, numSeries, numSamples int) SeriesSet {
-	seriesSets := []genericSeriesSet{}
-	for i := 0; i < numSeriesSets; i++ {
-		seriesSets = append(seriesSets, &genericSeriesSetAdapter{makeSeriesSet(numSeries, numSamples)})
+func makeMergeSeriesSet(serieses [][]Series) SeriesSet {
+	seriesSets := make([]genericSeriesSet, len(serieses))
+	for i, s := range serieses {
+		seriesSets[i] = &genericSeriesSetAdapter{NewMockSeriesSet(s...)}
 	}
 	return &seriesSetAdapter{newGenericMergeSeriesSet(seriesSets, (&seriesMergerAdapter{VerticalSeriesMergeFunc: ChainedSeriesMerge}).Merge)}
 }
 
-func benchmarkDrain(seriesSet SeriesSet, b *testing.B) {
+func benchmarkDrain(b *testing.B, makeSeriesSet func() SeriesSet) {
 	var err error
+	var t int64
+	var v float64
+	var iter chunkenc.Iterator
 	for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
+		seriesSet := makeSeriesSet()
 		for seriesSet.Next() {
-			result, err = ExpandSamples(seriesSet.At().Iterator(), nil)
-			require.NoError(b, err)
+			iter = seriesSet.At().Iterator(iter)
+			for iter.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
+				t, v = iter.At()
 			}
+			err = iter.Err()
+		}
+		require.NoError(b, err)
+		require.NotEqual(b, t, v) // To ensure the inner loop doesn't get optimised away.
 	}
 }
 
 func BenchmarkNoMergeSeriesSet_100_100(b *testing.B) {
-	seriesSet := makeSeriesSet(100, 100)
-	benchmarkDrain(seriesSet, b)
+	series := makeSeries(100, 100)
+	benchmarkDrain(b, func() SeriesSet { return NewMockSeriesSet(series...) })
 }
 
 func BenchmarkMergeSeriesSet(b *testing.B) {
@@ -914,9 +921,12 @@ func BenchmarkMergeSeriesSet(b *testing.B) {
 		{10, 100, 100},
 		{100, 100, 100},
 	} {
-		seriesSet := makeMergeSeriesSet(bm.numSeriesSets, bm.numSeries, bm.numSamples)
+		serieses := [][]Series{}
+		for i := 0; i < bm.numSeriesSets; i++ {
+			serieses = append(serieses, makeSeries(bm.numSeries, bm.numSamples))
+		}
 		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%d_%d_%d", bm.numSeriesSets, bm.numSeries, bm.numSamples), func(b *testing.B) {
-			benchmarkDrain(seriesSet, b)
+			benchmarkDrain(b, func() SeriesSet { return makeMergeSeriesSet(serieses) })
 		})
 	}
 }

storage/remote/codec.go

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/prompb"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/storage"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunkenc"
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunks"
 )
 
 // decodeReadLimit is the maximum size of a read request body in bytes.
@@ -115,9 +116,10 @@ func ToQuery(from, to int64, matchers []*labels.Matcher, hints *storage.SelectHi
 func ToQueryResult(ss storage.SeriesSet, sampleLimit int) (*prompb.QueryResult, storage.Warnings, error) {
 	numSamples := 0
 	resp := &prompb.QueryResult{}
+	var iter chunkenc.Iterator
 	for ss.Next() {
 		series := ss.At()
-		iter := series.Iterator()
+		iter = series.Iterator(iter)
 		samples := []prompb.Sample{}
 
 		for iter.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
@@ -151,10 +153,10 @@ func ToQueryResult(ss storage.SeriesSet, sampleLimit int) (*prompb.QueryResult,
 func FromQueryResult(sortSeries bool, res *prompb.QueryResult) storage.SeriesSet {
 	series := make([]storage.Series, 0, len(res.Timeseries))
 	for _, ts := range res.Timeseries {
-		lbls := labelProtosToLabels(ts.Labels)
-		if err := validateLabelsAndMetricName(lbls); err != nil {
+		if err := validateLabelsAndMetricName(ts.Labels); err != nil {
 			return errSeriesSet{err: err}
 		}
+		lbls := labelProtosToLabels(ts.Labels)
 		series = append(series, &concreteSeries{labels: lbls, samples: ts.Samples})
 	}
 
@@ -199,17 +201,19 @@ func StreamChunkedReadResponses(
 	var (
 		chks []prompb.Chunk
 		lbls []prompb.Label
+		iter chunks.Iterator
 	)
 
 	for ss.Next() {
 		series := ss.At()
-		iter := series.Iterator()
+		iter = series.Iterator(iter)
 		lbls = MergeLabels(labelsToLabelsProto(series.Labels(), lbls), sortedExternalLabels)
 
-		frameBytesLeft := maxBytesInFrame
+		maxDataLength := maxBytesInFrame
 		for _, lbl := range lbls {
-			frameBytesLeft -= lbl.Size()
+			maxDataLength -= lbl.Size()
 		}
+		frameBytesLeft := maxDataLength
 
 		isNext := iter.Next()
 
@@ -255,6 +259,7 @@ func StreamChunkedReadResponses(
 			// We immediately flush the Write() so it is safe to return to the pool.
 			marshalPool.Put(&b)
 			chks = chks[:0]
+			frameBytesLeft = maxDataLength
 		}
 		if err := iter.Err(); err != nil {
 			return ss.Warnings(), err
@@ -343,10 +348,14 @@ type concreteSeries struct {
 }
 
 func (c *concreteSeries) Labels() labels.Labels {
-	return labels.New(c.labels...)
+	return c.labels.Copy()
 }
 
-func (c *concreteSeries) Iterator() chunkenc.Iterator {
+func (c *concreteSeries) Iterator(it chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
+	if csi, ok := it.(*concreteSeriesIterator); ok {
+		csi.reset(c)
+		return csi
+	}
 	return newConcreteSeriersIterator(c)
 }
 
@@ -363,6 +372,11 @@ func newConcreteSeriersIterator(series *concreteSeries) chunkenc.Iterator {
 	}
 }
 
+func (c *concreteSeriesIterator) reset(series *concreteSeries) {
+	c.cur = -1
+	c.series = series
+}
+
 // Seek implements storage.SeriesIterator.
 func (c *concreteSeriesIterator) Seek(t int64) chunkenc.ValueType {
 	if c.cur == -1 {
@@ -429,7 +443,7 @@ func (c *concreteSeriesIterator) Err() error {
 
 // validateLabelsAndMetricName validates the label names/values and metric names returned from remote read,
 // also making sure that there are no labels with duplicate names
-func validateLabelsAndMetricName(ls labels.Labels) error {
+func validateLabelsAndMetricName(ls []prompb.Label) error {
 	for i, l := range ls {
 		if l.Name == labels.MetricName && !model.IsValidMetricName(model.LabelValue(l.Value)) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("invalid metric name: %v", l.Value)
@@ -569,30 +583,24 @@ func LabelProtosToMetric(labelPairs []*prompb.Label) model.Metric {
 }
 
 func labelProtosToLabels(labelPairs []prompb.Label) labels.Labels {
-	result := make(labels.Labels, 0, len(labelPairs))
+	b := labels.ScratchBuilder{}
 	for _, l := range labelPairs {
-		result = append(result, labels.Label{
-			Name:  l.Name,
-			Value: l.Value,
-		})
+		b.Add(l.Name, l.Value)
 	}
-	sort.Sort(result)
-	return result
+	b.Sort()
+	return b.Labels()
 }
 
 // labelsToLabelsProto transforms labels into prompb labels. The buffer slice
 // will be used to avoid allocations if it is big enough to store the labels.
-func labelsToLabelsProto(labels labels.Labels, buf []prompb.Label) []prompb.Label {
+func labelsToLabelsProto(lbls labels.Labels, buf []prompb.Label) []prompb.Label {
 	result := buf[:0]
-	if cap(buf) < len(labels) {
-		result = make([]prompb.Label, 0, len(labels))
-	}
-	for _, l := range labels {
+	lbls.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
 		result = append(result, prompb.Label{
 			Name:  l.Name,
 			Value: l.Value,
 		})
-	}
+	})
 	return result
 }
 

storage/remote/codec_test.go

@@ -16,8 +16,10 @@ package remote
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/gogo/protobuf/proto"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/histogram"
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/prompb"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/storage"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunkenc"
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunks"
 )
 
 var testHistogram = histogram.Histogram{
@@ -71,86 +74,86 @@ var writeRequestFixture = &prompb.WriteRequest{
 
 func TestValidateLabelsAndMetricName(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
-		input       labels.Labels
+		input       []prompb.Label
 		expectedErr string
 		description string
 	}{
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name",
-				"labelName", "labelValue",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "labelName", Value: "labelValue"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "",
 			description: "regular labels",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name",
-				"_labelName", "labelValue",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "_labelName", Value: "labelValue"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "",
 			description: "label name with _",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name",
-				"@labelName", "labelValue",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "@labelName", Value: "labelValue"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "invalid label name: @labelName",
 			description: "label name with @",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name",
-				"123labelName", "labelValue",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "123labelName", Value: "labelValue"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "invalid label name: 123labelName",
 			description: "label name starts with numbers",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name",
-				"", "labelValue",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "", Value: "labelValue"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "invalid label name: ",
 			description: "label name is empty string",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name",
-				"labelName", string([]byte{0xff}),
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "labelName", Value: string([]byte{0xff})},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "invalid label value: " + string([]byte{0xff}),
 			description: "label value is an invalid UTF-8 value",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "@invalid_name",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "@invalid_name"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "invalid metric name: @invalid_name",
 			description: "metric name starts with @",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"__name__", "name1",
-				"__name__", "name2",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name1"},
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "name2"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "duplicate label with name: __name__",
 			description: "duplicate label names",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"label1", "name",
-				"label2", "name",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "label1", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "label2", Value: "name"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "",
 			description: "duplicate label values",
 		},
 		{
-			input: labels.FromStrings(
-				"", "name",
-				"label2", "name",
-			),
+			input: []prompb.Label{
+				{Name: "", Value: "name"},
+				{Name: "label2", Value: "name"},
+			},
 			expectedErr: "invalid label name: ",
 			description: "don't report as duplicate label name",
 		},
@@ -197,8 +200,7 @@ func TestConcreteSeriesClonesLabels(t *testing.T) {
 	gotLabels := cs.Labels()
 	require.Equal(t, lbls, gotLabels)
 
-	gotLabels[0].Value = "foo"
-	gotLabels[1].Value = "bar"
+	gotLabels.CopyFrom(labels.FromStrings("a", "foo", "c", "foo"))
 
 	gotLabels = cs.Labels()
 	require.Equal(t, lbls, gotLabels)
@@ -215,7 +217,7 @@ func TestConcreteSeriesIterator(t *testing.T) {
 			{Value: 4, Timestamp: 4},
 		},
 	}
-	it := series.Iterator()
+	it := series.Iterator(nil)
 
 	// Seek to the first sample with ts=1.
 	require.Equal(t, chunkenc.ValFloat, it.Seek(1))
@@ -367,3 +369,119 @@ func TestNilHistogramProto(t *testing.T) {
 	// values, causing the test to fail.
 	HistogramProtoToHistogram(prompb.Histogram{})
 }
+
+func TestStreamResponse(t *testing.T) {
+	lbs1 := labelsToLabelsProto(labels.FromStrings("instance", "localhost1", "job", "demo1"), nil)
+	lbs2 := labelsToLabelsProto(labels.FromStrings("instance", "localhost2", "job", "demo2"), nil)
+	chunk := prompb.Chunk{
+		Type: prompb.Chunk_XOR,
+		Data: make([]byte, 100),
+	}
+	lbSize, chunkSize := 0, chunk.Size()
+	for _, lb := range lbs1 {
+		lbSize += lb.Size()
+	}
+	maxBytesInFrame := lbSize + chunkSize*2
+	testData := []*prompb.ChunkedSeries{{
+		Labels: lbs1,
+		Chunks: []prompb.Chunk{chunk, chunk, chunk, chunk},
+	}, {
+		Labels: lbs2,
+		Chunks: []prompb.Chunk{chunk, chunk, chunk, chunk},
+	}}
+	css := newMockChunkSeriesSet(testData)
+	writer := mockWriter{}
+	warning, err := StreamChunkedReadResponses(&writer, 0,
+		css,
+		nil,
+		maxBytesInFrame,
+		&sync.Pool{})
+	require.Nil(t, warning)
+	require.Nil(t, err)
+	expectData := []*prompb.ChunkedSeries{{
+		Labels: lbs1,
+		Chunks: []prompb.Chunk{chunk, chunk},
+	}, {
+		Labels: lbs1,
+		Chunks: []prompb.Chunk{chunk, chunk},
+	}, {
+		Labels: lbs2,
+		Chunks: []prompb.Chunk{chunk, chunk},
+	}, {
+		Labels: lbs2,
+		Chunks: []prompb.Chunk{chunk, chunk},
+	}}
+	require.Equal(t, expectData, writer.actual)
+}
+
+type mockWriter struct {
+	actual []*prompb.ChunkedSeries
+}
+
+func (m *mockWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	cr := &prompb.ChunkedReadResponse{}
+	if err := proto.Unmarshal(p, cr); err != nil {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("unmarshaling: %w", err)
+	}
+	m.actual = append(m.actual, cr.ChunkedSeries...)
+	return len(p), nil
+}
+
+type mockChunkSeriesSet struct {
+	chunkedSeries []*prompb.ChunkedSeries
+	index         int
+}
+
+func newMockChunkSeriesSet(ss []*prompb.ChunkedSeries) storage.ChunkSeriesSet {
+	return &mockChunkSeriesSet{chunkedSeries: ss, index: -1}
+}
+
+func (c *mockChunkSeriesSet) Next() bool {
+	c.index++
+	return c.index < len(c.chunkedSeries)
+}
+
+func (c *mockChunkSeriesSet) At() storage.ChunkSeries {
+	return &storage.ChunkSeriesEntry{
+		Lset: labelProtosToLabels(c.chunkedSeries[c.index].Labels),
+		ChunkIteratorFn: func(chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator {
+			return &mockChunkIterator{
+				chunks: c.chunkedSeries[c.index].Chunks,
+				index:  -1,
+			}
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *mockChunkSeriesSet) Warnings() storage.Warnings { return nil }
+
+func (c *mockChunkSeriesSet) Err() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+type mockChunkIterator struct {
+	chunks []prompb.Chunk
+	index  int
+}
+
+func (c *mockChunkIterator) At() chunks.Meta {
+	one := c.chunks[c.index]
+	chunk, err := chunkenc.FromData(chunkenc.Encoding(one.Type), one.Data)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return chunks.Meta{
+		Chunk:   chunk,
+		MinTime: one.MinTimeMs,
+		MaxTime: one.MaxTimeMs,
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *mockChunkIterator) Next() bool {
+	c.index++
+	return c.index < len(c.chunks)
+}
+
+func (c *mockChunkIterator) Err() error {
+	return nil
+}

storage/remote/queue_manager.go

@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ type QueueManager struct {
 	flushDeadline        time.Duration
 	cfg                  config.QueueConfig
 	mcfg                 config.MetadataConfig
-	externalLabels       labels.Labels
+	externalLabels       []labels.Label
 	relabelConfigs       []*relabel.Config
 	sendExemplars        bool
 	sendNativeHistograms bool
@@ -454,13 +454,19 @@ func NewQueueManager(
 		logger = log.NewNopLogger()
 	}
 
+	// Copy externalLabels into slice which we need for processExternalLabels.
+	extLabelsSlice := make([]labels.Label, 0, externalLabels.Len())
+	externalLabels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
+		extLabelsSlice = append(extLabelsSlice, l)
+	})
+
 	logger = log.With(logger, remoteName, client.Name(), endpoint, client.Endpoint())
 	t := &QueueManager{
 		logger:               logger,
 		flushDeadline:        flushDeadline,
 		cfg:                  cfg,
 		mcfg:                 mCfg,
-		externalLabels:       externalLabels,
+		externalLabels:       extLabelsSlice,
 		relabelConfigs:       relabelConfigs,
 		storeClient:          client,
 		sendExemplars:        enableExemplarRemoteWrite,
@@ -769,8 +775,8 @@ func (t *QueueManager) StoreSeries(series []record.RefSeries, index int) {
 		t.seriesSegmentIndexes[s.Ref] = index
 
 		ls := processExternalLabels(s.Labels, t.externalLabels)
-		lbls := relabel.Process(ls, t.relabelConfigs...)
-		if len(lbls) == 0 {
+		lbls, keep := relabel.Process(ls, t.relabelConfigs...)
+		if !keep || lbls.IsEmpty() {
 			t.droppedSeries[s.Ref] = struct{}{}
 			continue
 		}
@@ -831,44 +837,33 @@ func (t *QueueManager) client() WriteClient {
 }
 
 func (t *QueueManager) internLabels(lbls labels.Labels) {
-	for i, l := range lbls {
-		lbls[i].Name = t.interner.intern(l.Name)
-		lbls[i].Value = t.interner.intern(l.Value)
-	}
+	lbls.InternStrings(t.interner.intern)
 }
 
 func (t *QueueManager) releaseLabels(ls labels.Labels) {
-	for _, l := range ls {
-		t.interner.release(l.Name)
-		t.interner.release(l.Value)
-	}
+	ls.ReleaseStrings(t.interner.release)
 }
 
 // processExternalLabels merges externalLabels into ls. If ls contains
 // a label in externalLabels, the value in ls wins.
-func processExternalLabels(ls, externalLabels labels.Labels) labels.Labels {
-	i, j, result := 0, 0, make(labels.Labels, 0, len(ls)+len(externalLabels))
-	for i < len(ls) && j < len(externalLabels) {
-		if ls[i].Name < externalLabels[j].Name {
-			result = append(result, labels.Label{
-				Name:  ls[i].Name,
-				Value: ls[i].Value,
-			})
-			i++
-		} else if ls[i].Name > externalLabels[j].Name {
-			result = append(result, externalLabels[j])
-			j++
-		} else {
-			result = append(result, labels.Label{
-				Name:  ls[i].Name,
-				Value: ls[i].Value,
-			})
-			i++
+func processExternalLabels(ls labels.Labels, externalLabels []labels.Label) labels.Labels {
+	b := labels.NewScratchBuilder(ls.Len() + len(externalLabels))
+	j := 0
+	ls.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
+		for j < len(externalLabels) && l.Name > externalLabels[j].Name {
+			b.Add(externalLabels[j].Name, externalLabels[j].Value)
 			j++
 		}
+		if j < len(externalLabels) && l.Name == externalLabels[j].Name {
+			j++
+		}
+		b.Add(l.Name, l.Value)
+	})
+	for ; j < len(externalLabels); j++ {
+		b.Add(externalLabels[j].Name, externalLabels[j].Value)
 	}
 
-	return append(append(result, ls[i:]...), externalLabels[j:]...)
+	return b.Labels()
 }
 
 func (t *QueueManager) updateShardsLoop() {

storage/remote/queue_manager_test.go

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func TestMetadataDelivery(t *testing.T) {
 	mcfg := config.DefaultMetadataConfig
 
 	metrics := newQueueManagerMetrics(nil, "", "")
-	m := NewQueueManager(metrics, nil, nil, nil, dir, newEWMARate(ewmaWeight, shardUpdateDuration), cfg, mcfg, nil, nil, c, defaultFlushDeadline, newPool(), newHighestTimestampMetric(), nil, false, false)
+	m := NewQueueManager(metrics, nil, nil, nil, dir, newEWMARate(ewmaWeight, shardUpdateDuration), cfg, mcfg, labels.EmptyLabels(), nil, c, defaultFlushDeadline, newPool(), newHighestTimestampMetric(), nil, false, false)
 	m.Start()
 	defer m.Stop()
 
@@ -539,6 +539,7 @@ func TestShouldReshard(t *testing.T) {
 func createTimeseries(numSamples, numSeries int, extraLabels ...labels.Label) ([]record.RefSample, []record.RefSeries) {
 	samples := make([]record.RefSample, 0, numSamples)
 	series := make([]record.RefSeries, 0, numSeries)
+	b := labels.ScratchBuilder{}
 	for i := 0; i < numSeries; i++ {
 		name := fmt.Sprintf("test_metric_%d", i)
 		for j := 0; j < numSamples; j++ {
@@ -548,9 +549,16 @@ func createTimeseries(numSamples, numSeries int, extraLabels ...labels.Label) ([
 				V:   float64(i),
 			})
 		}
+		// Create Labels that is name of series plus any extra labels supplied.
+		b.Reset()
+		b.Add(labels.MetricName, name)
+		for _, l := range extraLabels {
+			b.Add(l.Name, l.Value)
+		}
+		b.Sort()
 		series = append(series, record.RefSeries{
 			Ref:    chunks.HeadSeriesRef(i),
-			Labels: append(labels.Labels{{Name: "__name__", Value: name}}, extraLabels...),
+			Labels: b.Labels(),
 		})
 	}
 	return samples, series
@@ -603,7 +611,7 @@ func createHistograms(numSamples, numSeries int) ([]record.RefHistogramSample, [
 		}
 		series = append(series, record.RefSeries{
 			Ref:    chunks.HeadSeriesRef(i),
-			Labels: labels.Labels{{Name: "__name__", Value: name}},
+			Labels: labels.FromStrings("__name__", name),
 		})
 	}
 	return histograms, series
@@ -815,7 +823,7 @@ func BenchmarkSampleSend(b *testing.B) {
 	const numSeries = 10000
 
 	// Extra labels to make a more realistic workload - taken from Kubernetes' embedded cAdvisor metrics.
-	extraLabels := labels.Labels{
+	extraLabels := []labels.Label{
 		{Name: "kubernetes_io_arch", Value: "amd64"},
 		{Name: "kubernetes_io_instance_type", Value: "c3.somesize"},
 		{Name: "kubernetes_io_os", Value: "linux"},
@@ -902,56 +910,63 @@ func BenchmarkStartup(b *testing.B) {
 func TestProcessExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, tc := range []struct {
 		labels         labels.Labels
-		externalLabels labels.Labels
+		externalLabels []labels.Label
 		expected       labels.Labels
 	}{
 		// Test adding labels at the end.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{{Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("a", "b"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d"),
 		},
 
 		// Test adding labels at the beginning.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{{Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("c", "d"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d"),
 		},
 
 		// Test we don't override existing labels.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "c"}},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("a", "b"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "a", Value: "c"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b"),
 		},
 
 		// Test empty externalLabels.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("a", "b"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b"),
 		},
 
 		// Test empty labels.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
+			labels:         labels.EmptyLabels(),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b"),
 		},
 
 		// Test labels is longer than externalLabels.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{{Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "c", Value: "d"}, {Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"),
 		},
 
 		// Test externalLabels is longer than labels.
 		{
-			labels:         labels.Labels{{Name: "c", Value: "d"}},
-			externalLabels: labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
-			expected:       labels.Labels{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "c", Value: "d"}, {Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("c", "d"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "a", Value: "b"}, {Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"),
+		},
+
+		// Adding with and without clashing labels.
+		{
+			labels:         labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d"),
+			externalLabels: []labels.Label{{Name: "a", Value: "xxx"}, {Name: "c", Value: "yyy"}, {Name: "e", Value: "f"}},
+			expected:       labels.FromStrings("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f"),
 		},
 	} {
 		require.Equal(t, tc.expected, processExternalLabels(tc.labels, tc.externalLabels))

storage/remote/read.go

@@ -180,9 +180,11 @@ func (q *querier) Select(sortSeries bool, hints *storage.SelectHints, matchers .
 // We return the new set of matchers, along with a map of labels for which
 // matchers were added, so that these can later be removed from the result
 // time series again.
-func (q querier) addExternalLabels(ms []*labels.Matcher) ([]*labels.Matcher, labels.Labels) {
-	el := make(labels.Labels, len(q.externalLabels))
-	copy(el, q.externalLabels)
+func (q querier) addExternalLabels(ms []*labels.Matcher) ([]*labels.Matcher, []string) {
+	el := make([]labels.Label, 0, q.externalLabels.Len())
+	q.externalLabels.Range(func(l labels.Label) {
+		el = append(el, l)
+	})
 
 	// ms won't be sorted, so have to O(n^2) the search.
 	for _, m := range ms {
@@ -202,7 +204,11 @@ func (q querier) addExternalLabels(ms []*labels.Matcher) ([]*labels.Matcher, lab
 		}
 		ms = append(ms, m)
 	}
-	return ms, el
+	names := make([]string, len(el))
+	for i := range el {
+		names[i] = el[i].Name
+	}
+	return ms, names
 }
 
 // LabelValues implements storage.Querier and is a noop.
@@ -234,7 +240,8 @@ func (q *chunkQuerier) Select(sortSeries bool, hints *storage.SelectHints, match
 	return storage.NewSeriesSetToChunkSet(q.querier.Select(sortSeries, hints, matchers...))
 }
 
-func newSeriesSetFilter(ss storage.SeriesSet, toFilter labels.Labels) storage.SeriesSet {
+// Note strings in toFilter must be sorted.
+func newSeriesSetFilter(ss storage.SeriesSet, toFilter []string) storage.SeriesSet {
 	return &seriesSetFilter{
 		SeriesSet: ss,
 		toFilter:  toFilter,
@@ -243,7 +250,7 @@ func newSeriesSetFilter(ss storage.SeriesSet, toFilter labels.Labels) storage.Se
 
 type seriesSetFilter struct {
 	storage.SeriesSet
-	toFilter labels.Labels
+	toFilter []string // Label names to remove from result
 	querier  storage.Querier
 }
 
@@ -264,20 +271,12 @@ func (ssf seriesSetFilter) At() storage.Series {
 
 type seriesFilter struct {
 	storage.Series
-	toFilter labels.Labels
+	toFilter []string // Label names to remove from result
 }
 
 func (sf seriesFilter) Labels() labels.Labels {
-	labels := sf.Series.Labels()
-	for i, j := 0, 0; i < len(labels) && j < len(sf.toFilter); {
-		if labels[i].Name < sf.toFilter[j].Name {
-			i++
-		} else if labels[i].Name > sf.toFilter[j].Name {
-			j++
-		} else {
-			labels = labels[:i+copy(labels[i:], labels[i+1:])]
-			j++
-		}
-	}
-	return labels
+	b := labels.NewBuilder(sf.Series.Labels())
+	// todo: check if this is too inefficient.
+	b.Del(sf.toFilter...)
+	return b.Labels(labels.EmptyLabels())
 }

storage/remote/read_test.go

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func TestExternalLabelsQuerierAddExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 		el          labels.Labels
 		inMatchers  []*labels.Matcher
 		outMatchers []*labels.Matcher
-		added       labels.Labels
+		added       []string
 	}{
 		{
 			inMatchers: []*labels.Matcher{
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func TestExternalLabelsQuerierAddExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 			outMatchers: []*labels.Matcher{
 				labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "job", "api-server"),
 			},
-			added: labels.Labels{},
+			added: []string{},
 		},
 		{
 			el: labels.FromStrings("dc", "berlin-01", "region", "europe"),
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func TestExternalLabelsQuerierAddExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "region", "europe"),
 				labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "dc", "berlin-01"),
 			},
-			added: labels.FromStrings("dc", "berlin-01", "region", "europe"),
+			added: []string{"dc", "region"},
 		},
 		{
 			el: labels.FromStrings("dc", "berlin-01", "region", "europe"),
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func TestExternalLabelsQuerierAddExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 				labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "region", "europe"),
 				labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "dc", "munich-02"),
 			},
-			added: labels.FromStrings("region", "europe"),
+			added: []string{"region"},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -163,12 +163,12 @@ func TestExternalLabelsQuerierAddExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 func TestSeriesSetFilter(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
 		in       *prompb.QueryResult
-		toRemove labels.Labels
+		toRemove []string
 
 		expected *prompb.QueryResult
 	}{
 		{
-			toRemove: labels.Labels{{Name: "foo", Value: "bar"}},
+			toRemove: []string{"foo"},
 			in: &prompb.QueryResult{
 				Timeseries: []*prompb.TimeSeries{
 					{Labels: labelsToLabelsProto(labels.FromStrings("foo", "bar", "a", "b"), nil), Samples: []prompb.Sample{}},

storage/remote/storage_test.go

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func TestFilterExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 
 	require.NoError(t, s.ApplyConfig(conf))
 	require.Equal(t, 1, len(s.queryables))
-	require.Equal(t, 1, len(s.queryables[0].(*sampleAndChunkQueryableClient).externalLabels))
+	require.Equal(t, 1, s.queryables[0].(*sampleAndChunkQueryableClient).externalLabels.Len())
 
 	err := s.Close()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func TestIgnoreExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 
 	require.NoError(t, s.ApplyConfig(conf))
 	require.Equal(t, 1, len(s.queryables))
-	require.Equal(t, 0, len(s.queryables[0].(*sampleAndChunkQueryableClient).externalLabels))
+	require.Equal(t, 0, s.queryables[0].(*sampleAndChunkQueryableClient).externalLabels.Len())
 
 	err := s.Close()
 	require.NoError(t, err)

storage/remote/write.go

@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ func (t *timestampTracker) AppendExemplar(_ storage.SeriesRef, _ labels.Labels,
 	return 0, nil
 }
 
-func (t *timestampTracker) AppendHistogram(_ storage.SeriesRef, _ labels.Labels, ts int64, h *histogram.Histogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
+func (t *timestampTracker) AppendHistogram(_ storage.SeriesRef, _ labels.Labels, ts int64, _ *histogram.Histogram, _ *histogram.FloatHistogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
 	t.histograms++
 	if ts > t.highestTimestamp {
 		t.highestTimestamp = ts

storage/remote/write_handler.go

@@ -67,11 +67,14 @@ func (h *writeHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 
 // checkAppendExemplarError modifies the AppendExamplar's returned error based on the error cause.
 func (h *writeHandler) checkAppendExemplarError(err error, e exemplar.Exemplar, outOfOrderErrs *int) error {
-	unwrapedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+	unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+	if unwrappedErr == nil {
+		unwrappedErr = err
+	}
 	switch {
-	case errors.Is(unwrapedErr, storage.ErrNotFound):
+	case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrNotFound):
 		return storage.ErrNotFound
-	case errors.Is(unwrapedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderExemplar):
+	case errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderExemplar):
 		*outOfOrderErrs++
 		level.Debug(h.logger).Log("msg", "Out of order exemplar", "exemplar", fmt.Sprintf("%+v", e))
 		return nil
@@ -98,8 +101,11 @@ func (h *writeHandler) write(ctx context.Context, req *prompb.WriteRequest) (err
 		for _, s := range ts.Samples {
 			_, err = app.Append(0, labels, s.Timestamp, s.Value)
 			if err != nil {
-				unwrapedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
-				if errors.Is(unwrapedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample) || errors.Is(unwrapedErr, storage.ErrOutOfBounds) || errors.Is(unwrapedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp) {
+				unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+				if unwrappedErr == nil {
+					unwrappedErr = err
+				}
+				if errors.Is(err, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample) || errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfBounds) || errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp) {
 					level.Error(h.logger).Log("msg", "Out of order sample from remote write", "err", err.Error(), "series", labels.String(), "timestamp", s.Timestamp)
 				}
 				return err
@@ -118,11 +124,15 @@ func (h *writeHandler) write(ctx context.Context, req *prompb.WriteRequest) (err
 			}
 		}
 
+		// TODO(codesome): support float histograms.
 		for _, hp := range ts.Histograms {
 			hs := HistogramProtoToHistogram(hp)
-			_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, labels, hp.Timestamp, hs)
+			_, err = app.AppendHistogram(0, labels, hp.Timestamp, hs, nil)
 			if err != nil {
 				unwrappedErr := errors.Unwrap(err)
+				if unwrappedErr == nil {
+					unwrappedErr = err
+				}
 				// Althogh AppendHistogram does not currently return ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp there is
 				// a note indicating its inclusion in the future.
 				if errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample) || errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrOutOfBounds) || errors.Is(unwrappedErr, storage.ErrDuplicateSampleForTimestamp) {

storage/remote/write_handler_test.go

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func TestRemoteWriteHandler(t *testing.T) {
 
 		for _, hp := range ts.Histograms {
 			h := HistogramProtoToHistogram(hp)
-			require.Equal(t, mockHistogram{labels, hp.Timestamp, h}, appendable.histograms[k])
+			require.Equal(t, mockHistogram{labels, hp.Timestamp, h, nil}, appendable.histograms[k])
 			k++
 		}
 	}
@@ -192,6 +192,7 @@ type mockHistogram struct {
 	l  labels.Labels
 	t  int64
 	h  *histogram.Histogram
+	fh *histogram.FloatHistogram
 }
 
 func (m *mockAppendable) Appender(_ context.Context) storage.Appender {
@@ -226,13 +227,13 @@ func (m *mockAppendable) AppendExemplar(_ storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, e
 	return 0, nil
 }
 
-func (m *mockAppendable) AppendHistogram(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
+func (m *mockAppendable) AppendHistogram(ref storage.SeriesRef, l labels.Labels, t int64, h *histogram.Histogram, fh *histogram.FloatHistogram) (storage.SeriesRef, error) {
 	if t < m.latestHistogram {
 		return 0, storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample
 	}
 
 	m.latestHistogram = t
-	m.histograms = append(m.histograms, mockHistogram{l, t, h})
+	m.histograms = append(m.histograms, mockHistogram{l, t, h, fh})
 	return 0, nil
 }
 

storage/remote/write_test.go

@@ -228,14 +228,14 @@ func TestUpdateExternalLabels(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, s.ApplyConfig(conf))
 	require.Equal(t, 1, len(s.queues))
-	require.Equal(t, labels.Labels(nil), s.queues[hash].externalLabels)
+	require.Equal(t, 0, len(s.queues[hash].externalLabels))
 
 	conf.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels = externalLabels
 	hash, err = toHash(conf.RemoteWriteConfigs[0])
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NoError(t, s.ApplyConfig(conf))
 	require.Equal(t, 1, len(s.queues))
-	require.Equal(t, externalLabels, s.queues[hash].externalLabels)
+	require.Equal(t, []labels.Label{{Name: "external", Value: "true"}}, s.queues[hash].externalLabels)
 
 	err = s.Close()
 	require.NoError(t, err)

storage/series.go

@@ -27,26 +27,31 @@ import (
 
 type SeriesEntry struct {
 	Lset             labels.Labels
-	SampleIteratorFn func() chunkenc.Iterator
+	SampleIteratorFn func(chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator
 }
 
 func (s *SeriesEntry) Labels() labels.Labels                           { return s.Lset }
-func (s *SeriesEntry) Iterator() chunkenc.Iterator { return s.SampleIteratorFn() }
+func (s *SeriesEntry) Iterator(it chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator { return s.SampleIteratorFn(it) }
 
 type ChunkSeriesEntry struct {
 	Lset            labels.Labels
-	ChunkIteratorFn func() chunks.Iterator
+	ChunkIteratorFn func(chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator
 }
 
 func (s *ChunkSeriesEntry) Labels() labels.Labels                       { return s.Lset }
-func (s *ChunkSeriesEntry) Iterator() chunks.Iterator { return s.ChunkIteratorFn() }
+func (s *ChunkSeriesEntry) Iterator(it chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator { return s.ChunkIteratorFn(it) }
 
 // NewListSeries returns series entry with iterator that allows to iterate over provided samples.
 func NewListSeries(lset labels.Labels, s []tsdbutil.Sample) *SeriesEntry {
+	samplesS := Samples(samples(s))
 	return &SeriesEntry{
 		Lset: lset,
-		SampleIteratorFn: func() chunkenc.Iterator {
-			return NewListSeriesIterator(samples(s))
+		SampleIteratorFn: func(it chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
+			if lsi, ok := it.(*listSeriesIterator); ok {
+				lsi.Reset(samplesS)
+				return lsi
+			}
+			return NewListSeriesIterator(samplesS)
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -56,11 +61,21 @@ func NewListSeries(lset labels.Labels, s []tsdbutil.Sample) *SeriesEntry {
 func NewListChunkSeriesFromSamples(lset labels.Labels, samples ...[]tsdbutil.Sample) *ChunkSeriesEntry {
 	return &ChunkSeriesEntry{
 		Lset: lset,
-		ChunkIteratorFn: func() chunks.Iterator {
-			chks := make([]chunks.Meta, 0, len(samples))
+		ChunkIteratorFn: func(it chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator {
+			lcsi, existing := it.(*listChunkSeriesIterator)
+			var chks []chunks.Meta
+			if existing {
+				chks = lcsi.chks[:0]
+			} else {
+				chks = make([]chunks.Meta, 0, len(samples))
+			}
 			for _, s := range samples {
 				chks = append(chks, tsdbutil.ChunkFromSamples(s))
 			}
+			if existing {
+				lcsi.Reset(chks...)
+				return lcsi
+			}
 			return NewListChunkSeriesIterator(chks...)
 		},
 	}
@@ -87,6 +102,11 @@ func NewListSeriesIterator(samples Samples) chunkenc.Iterator {
 	return &listSeriesIterator{samples: samples, idx: -1}
 }
 
+func (it *listSeriesIterator) Reset(samples Samples) {
+	it.samples = samples
+	it.idx = -1
+}
+
 func (it *listSeriesIterator) At() (int64, float64) {
 	s := it.samples.Get(it.idx)
 	return s.T(), s.V()
@@ -150,6 +170,11 @@ func NewListChunkSeriesIterator(chks ...chunks.Meta) chunks.Iterator {
 	return &listChunkSeriesIterator{chks: chks, idx: -1}
 }
 
+func (it *listChunkSeriesIterator) Reset(chks ...chunks.Meta) {
+	it.chks = chks
+	it.idx = -1
+}
+
 func (it *listChunkSeriesIterator) At() chunks.Meta {
 	return it.chks[it.idx]
 }
@@ -164,6 +189,7 @@ func (it *listChunkSeriesIterator) Err() error { return nil }
 type chunkSetToSeriesSet struct {
 	ChunkSeriesSet
 
+	iter             chunks.Iterator
 	chkIterErr       error
 	sameSeriesChunks []Series
 }
@@ -178,18 +204,18 @@ func (c *chunkSetToSeriesSet) Next() bool {
 		return false
 	}
 
-	iter := c.ChunkSeriesSet.At().Iterator()
-	c.sameSeriesChunks = c.sameSeriesChunks[:0]
+	c.iter = c.ChunkSeriesSet.At().Iterator(c.iter)
+	c.sameSeriesChunks = nil
 
-	for iter.Next() {
+	for c.iter.Next() {
 		c.sameSeriesChunks = append(
 			c.sameSeriesChunks,
-			newChunkToSeriesDecoder(c.ChunkSeriesSet.At().Labels(), iter.At()),
+			newChunkToSeriesDecoder(c.ChunkSeriesSet.At().Labels(), c.iter.At()),
 		)
 	}
 
-	if iter.Err() != nil {
-		c.chkIterErr = iter.Err()
+	if c.iter.Err() != nil {
+		c.chkIterErr = c.iter.Err()
 		return false
 	}
 	return true
@@ -210,9 +236,9 @@ func (c *chunkSetToSeriesSet) Err() error {
 func newChunkToSeriesDecoder(labels labels.Labels, chk chunks.Meta) Series {
 	return &SeriesEntry{
 		Lset: labels,
-		SampleIteratorFn: func() chunkenc.Iterator {
+		SampleIteratorFn: func(it chunkenc.Iterator) chunkenc.Iterator {
 			// TODO(bwplotka): Can we provide any chunkenc buffer?
-			return chk.Chunk.Iterator(nil)
+			return chk.Chunk.Iterator(it)
 		},
 	}
 }
@@ -252,7 +278,7 @@ func NewSeriesToChunkEncoder(series Series) ChunkSeries {
 	return &seriesToChunkEncoder{series}
 }
 
-func (s *seriesToChunkEncoder) Iterator() chunks.Iterator {
+func (s *seriesToChunkEncoder) Iterator(it chunks.Iterator) chunks.Iterator {
 	var (
 		chk chunkenc.Chunk
 		app chunkenc.Appender
@@ -261,9 +287,14 @@ func (s *seriesToChunkEncoder) Iterator() chunks.Iterator {
 	mint := int64(math.MaxInt64)
 	maxt := int64(math.MinInt64)
 
-	chks := []chunks.Meta{}
+	var chks []chunks.Meta
+	lcsi, existing := it.(*listChunkSeriesIterator)
+	if existing {
+		chks = lcsi.chks[:0]
+	}
+
 	i := 0
-	seriesIter := s.Series.Iterator()
+	seriesIter := s.Series.Iterator(nil)
 	lastType := chunkenc.ValNone
 	for typ := seriesIter.Next(); typ != chunkenc.ValNone; typ = seriesIter.Next() {
 		if typ != lastType || i >= seriesToChunkEncoderSplit {
@@ -293,6 +324,7 @@ func (s *seriesToChunkEncoder) Iterator() chunks.Iterator {
 			t  int64
 			v  float64
 			h  *histogram.Histogram
+			fh *histogram.FloatHistogram
 		)
 		switch typ {
 		case chunkenc.ValFloat:
@@ -301,6 +333,9 @@ func (s *seriesToChunkEncoder) Iterator() chunks.Iterator {
 		case chunkenc.ValHistogram:
 			t, h = seriesIter.AtHistogram()
 			app.AppendHistogram(t, h)
+		case chunkenc.ValFloatHistogram:
+			t, fh = seriesIter.AtFloatHistogram()
+			app.AppendFloatHistogram(t, fh)
 		default:
 			return errChunksIterator{err: fmt.Errorf("unknown sample type %s", typ.String())}
 		}
@@ -323,6 +358,10 @@ func (s *seriesToChunkEncoder) Iterator() chunks.Iterator {
 		})
 	}
 
+	if existing {
+		lcsi.Reset(chks...)
+		return lcsi
+	}
 	return NewListChunkSeriesIterator(chks...)
 }
 
@@ -362,7 +401,6 @@ func ExpandSamples(iter chunkenc.Iterator, newSampleFn func(t int64, v float64,
 		case chunkenc.ValFloatHistogram:
 			t, fh := iter.AtFloatHistogram()
 			result = append(result, newSampleFn(t, 0, nil, fh))
-
 		}
 	}
 }

storage/series_test.go

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/labels"
 	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunkenc"
+	"github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/tsdbutil"
 )
 
 func TestListSeriesIterator(t *testing.T) {
@@ -65,3 +67,61 @@ func TestListSeriesIterator(t *testing.T) {
 	// And we don't go back. (This exposes issue #10027.)
 	require.Equal(t, chunkenc.ValNone, it.Seek(2))
 }
+
+// TestSeriesSetToChunkSet test the property of SeriesSet that says
+// returned series should be iterable even after Next is called.
+func TestChunkSeriesSetToSeriesSet(t *testing.T) {
+	series := []struct {
+		lbs     labels.Labels
+		samples []tsdbutil.Sample
+	}{
+		{
+			lbs: labels.Labels{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "up"},
+				{Name: "instance", Value: "localhost:8080"},
+			},
+			samples: []tsdbutil.Sample{
+				sample{t: 1, v: 1},
+				sample{t: 2, v: 2},
+				sample{t: 3, v: 3},
+				sample{t: 4, v: 4},
+			},
+		}, {
+			lbs: labels.Labels{
+				{Name: "__name__", Value: "up"},
+				{Name: "instance", Value: "localhost:8081"},
+			},
+			samples: []tsdbutil.Sample{
+				sample{t: 1, v: 2},
+				sample{t: 2, v: 3},
+				sample{t: 3, v: 4},
+				sample{t: 4, v: 5},
+				sample{t: 5, v: 6},
+				sample{t: 6, v: 7},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	var chunkSeries []ChunkSeries
+	for _, s := range series {
+		chunkSeries = append(chunkSeries, NewListChunkSeriesFromSamples(s.lbs, s.samples))
+	}
+	css := NewMockChunkSeriesSet(chunkSeries...)
+
+	ss := NewSeriesSetFromChunkSeriesSet(css)
+	var ssSlice []Series
+	for ss.Next() {
+		ssSlice = append(ssSlice, ss.At())
+	}
+	require.Len(t, ssSlice, 2)
+	var iter chunkenc.Iterator
+	for i, s := range ssSlice {
+		require.EqualValues(t, series[i].lbs, s.Labels())
+		iter = s.Iterator(iter)
+		j := 0
+		for iter.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat {
+			ts, v := iter.At()
+			require.EqualValues(t, series[i].samples[j], sample{t: ts, v: v})
+			j++
+		}
+	}
+}