Perhaps it would be even better to still warn in case the sample value has
changed but the timestamps are equal, but we don't have efficient access
to the last value.
For the label matching index-based preselection phase, don't do an OR
between equality and non-equality matchers. Execute only one of the two
(with equality matchers preferred when present).
Fixes https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/issues/924
If all samples in consecutive chunks have the same timestamp, the way
we used to load chunks will fail. With this change, the persist
watermark is used to load the right amount of chunkDescs from disk.
This bug is a possible reason for the rare storage corruption we have
observed.
Fixes https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/issues/481
While doing so, clean up and fix a few other things:
- Fix `go vet` warnings (@fabxc to blame ;).
- Fix a racey problem with unarchiving: Whenever we unarchive a
series, we essentially want to do something with it. However, until
we have done something with it, it appears like a series that is
ready to be archived or even purged. So e.g. it would be ignored
during checkpointing. With this fix, we always load the chunkDescs
upon unarchiving. This is wasteful if we only want to add a new
sample to an archived time series, but the (presumably more common)
case where we access an archived time series in a query doesn't
become more expensive.
- The change above streamlined the getOrCreateSeries ond
newMemorySeries flow. Also, the modTime is now always set correctly.
- Fix the leveldb-backed implementation of KeyValueStore.Delete. It
had the wrong behavior of still returning true, nil if a
non-existing key has been passed in.
This commit adds the honor_labels and params arguments to the scrape
config. This allows to specify query parameters used by the scrapers
and handling scraped labels with precedence.
Change #704 introduced a regression that started reading the queue only
after potential crash recovery. When more than the queue capacity was
indexed, Prometheus deadlocked.
This change is conceptually very simple, although the diff is large. It
switches logging from "github.com/golang/glog" to
"github.com/prometheus/log", while not actually changing any log
messages. V(1)-style logging has been changed to be log.Debug*().
The one central sample ingestion channel has caused a variety of
trouble. This commit removes it. Targets and rule evaluation call an
Append method directly now. To incorporate multiple storage backends
(like OpenTSDB), storage.Tee forks the Append into two different
appenders.
Note that the tsdb queue manager had its own queue anyway. It was a
queue after a queue... Much queue, so overhead...
Targets have their own little buffer (implemented as a channel) to
avoid stalling during an http scrape. But a new scrape will only be
started once the old one is fully ingested.
The contraption of three pipelined ingesters was removed. A Target is
an ingester itself now. Despite more logic in Target, things should be
less confusing now.
Also, remove lint and vet warnings in ast.go.
A number of mostly minor things:
- Rename chunk type -> chunk encoding.
- After all, do not carry around the chunk encoding to all parts of
the system, but just have one place where the encoding for new
chunks is set based on the flag. The new approach has caveats as
well, but the polution of so many method signatures is worse.
- Use the default chunk encoding for new chunks of existing
series. (Previously, only new _series_ would get chunks with the
default encoding.)
- Use an enum for chunk encoding. (But keep the version number for the
flag, for reasons discussed previously.)
- Add encoding() to the chunk interface (so that a chunk knows its own
encoding - no need to have that in a different top-level function).
- Got rid of newFollowUpChunk (which would keep the existing encoding
for all chunks of a time series). Now only use newChunk(), which
will create a chunk encoding according to the flag.
- Simplified transcodeAndAdd.
- Reordered methods of deltaEncodedChunk and doubleDeltaEncoded chunk
to match the order in the chunk interface.
- Only transcode if the chunk is not yet half full. If more than half
full, add a new chunk instead.
The capacity is basically how many persisted head chunks we will count
at most while doing other things, in particular checkpointing. To
limit the amount of already counted head chunks, keep this number low,
otherwise we will easily checkpoint too often if checkpoints take long
anyway.
In that commit, the 'maintainSeries' call was accidentally removed.
This commit refactors things a bit so that there is now a clean
'maintainMemorySeries' and a 'maintainArchivedSeries' call.
Straighten the nomenclature a bit (consistently use 'drop' for
chunks and 'purge' for series/metrics).
Remove the annoying 'Completed maintenance sweep through archived
fingerprints' message if there were no archived fingerprints to do
maintenance on.
This is done by bucketing chunks by fingerprint. If the persisting to
disk falls behind, more and more chunks are in the queue. As soon as
there are "double hits", we will now persist both chunks in one go,
doubling the disk throughput (assuming it is limited by disk
seeks). Should even more pile up so that we end wit "triple hits", we
will persist those first, and so on.
Even if we have millions of time series, this will still help,
assuming not all of them are growing with the same speed. Series that
get many samples and/or are not very compressable will accumulate
chunks faster, and they will soon get double- or triple-writes.
To improve the chance of double writes,
-storage.local.persistence-queue-capacity could be set to a higher
value. However, that will slow down shutdown a lot (as the queue has
to be worked through). So we leave it to the user to set it to a
really high value. A more fundamental solution would be to checkpoint
not only head chunks, but also chunks still in the persist queue. That
would be quite complicated for a rather limited use-case (running many
time series with high ingestion rate on slow spinning disks).
Starting a goroutine takes 1-2µs on my laptop. From the "numbers every
Go programmer should know", I had 300ns for a channel send in my
mind. Turns out, on my laptop, it takes only 60ns. That's fast enough
to warrant the machinery of yet another channel with a fixed set of
worker goroutines feeding from it. The number chosen (8 for now) is
low enough to not really afflict a measurable overhead (a big
Prometheus server has >1000 goroutines running), but high enough to
not make sample ingestion a bottleneck.
- Parallelize AppendSamples as much as possible without breaking the
contract about temporal order.
- Allocate more fingerprint locker slots.
- Do not run early checkpoints if we are behind on chunk persistence.
- Increase fpMinWaitDuration to give the disk more time for more
important things.
Also, switch math.MaxInt64 and math.MinInt64 to the new constants.
Also, set a much higher default value.
Chunk persist requests can be quite spiky. If you collect a large
number of time series that are very similar, they will tend to finish
up a chunk at about the same time. There is no reason we need to back
up scraping just because of that. The rationale of the new default
value is "1/8 of the chunks in memory".
