// Copyright 2013 The Prometheus Authors // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. package rules import ( "context" "fmt" "io/fs" "math" "os" "path" "sort" "strconv" "sync" "testing" "time" "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus" "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/testutil" "github.com/prometheus/common/model" "github.com/prometheus/common/promslog" "github.com/stretchr/testify/require" "go.uber.org/atomic" "gopkg.in/yaml.v2" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/labels" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/rulefmt" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/timestamp" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/model/value" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/promql" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/promql/parser" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/promql/promqltest" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/storage" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/chunkenc" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/tsdbutil" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/teststorage" prom_testutil "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/testutil" ) func TestMain(m *testing.M) { prom_testutil.TolerantVerifyLeak(m) } func TestAlertingRule(t *testing.T) { storage := promqltest.LoadedStorage(t, ` load 5m http_requests{job="app-server", instance="0", group="canary", severity="overwrite-me"} 75 85 95 105 105 95 85 http_requests{job="app-server", instance="1", group="canary", severity="overwrite-me"} 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 `) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) expr, err := parser.ParseExpr(`http_requests{group="canary", job="app-server"} < 100`) require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewAlertingRule( "HTTPRequestRateLow", expr, time.Minute, 0, labels.FromStrings("severity", "{{\"c\"}}ritical"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil, ) result := promql.Vector{ promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "alertstate", "pending", "group", "canary", "instance", "0", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "alertstate", "pending", "group", "canary", "instance", "1", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "alertstate", "firing", "group", "canary", "instance", "0", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "alertstate", "firing", "group", "canary", "instance", "1", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, } baseTime := time.Unix(0, 0) tests := []struct { time time.Duration result promql.Vector }{ { time: 0, result: result[:2], }, { time: 5 * time.Minute, result: result[2:], }, { time: 10 * time.Minute, result: result[2:3], }, { time: 15 * time.Minute, result: nil, }, { time: 20 * time.Minute, result: nil, }, { time: 25 * time.Minute, result: result[:1], }, { time: 30 * time.Minute, result: result[2:3], }, } ng := testEngine(t) for i, test := range tests { t.Logf("case %d", i) evalTime := baseTime.Add(test.time) res, err := rule.Eval(context.TODO(), 0, evalTime, EngineQueryFunc(ng, storage), nil, 0) require.NoError(t, err) var filteredRes promql.Vector // After removing 'ALERTS_FOR_STATE' samples. for _, smpl := range res { smplName := smpl.Metric.Get("__name__") if smplName == "ALERTS" { filteredRes = append(filteredRes, smpl) } else { // If not 'ALERTS', it has to be 'ALERTS_FOR_STATE'. require.Equal(t, "ALERTS_FOR_STATE", smplName) } } for i := range test.result { test.result[i].T = timestamp.FromTime(evalTime) } require.Equal(t, len(test.result), len(filteredRes), "%d. Number of samples in expected and actual output don't match (%d vs. %d)", i, len(test.result), len(res)) sort.Slice(filteredRes, func(i, j int) bool { return labels.Compare(filteredRes[i].Metric, filteredRes[j].Metric) < 0 }) prom_testutil.RequireEqual(t, test.result, filteredRes) for _, aa := range rule.ActiveAlerts() { require.Zero(t, aa.Labels.Get(model.MetricNameLabel), "%s label set on active alert: %s", model.MetricNameLabel, aa.Labels) } } } func TestForStateAddSamples(t *testing.T) { for _, queryOffset := range []time.Duration{0, time.Minute} { t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("queryOffset %s", queryOffset.String()), func(t *testing.T) { storage := promqltest.LoadedStorage(t, ` load 5m http_requests{job="app-server", instance="0", group="canary", severity="overwrite-me"} 75 85 95 105 105 95 85 http_requests{job="app-server", instance="1", group="canary", severity="overwrite-me"} 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 `) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) expr, err := parser.ParseExpr(`http_requests{group="canary", job="app-server"} < 100`) require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewAlertingRule( "HTTPRequestRateLow", expr, time.Minute, 0, labels.FromStrings("severity", "{{\"c\"}}ritical"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil, ) result := promql.Vector{ promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS_FOR_STATE", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "group", "canary", "instance", "0", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS_FOR_STATE", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "group", "canary", "instance", "1", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS_FOR_STATE", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "group", "canary", "instance", "0", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, promql.Sample{ Metric: labels.FromStrings( "__name__", "ALERTS_FOR_STATE", "alertname", "HTTPRequestRateLow", "group", "canary", "instance", "1", "job", "app-server", "severity", "critical", ), F: 1, }, } baseTime := time.Unix(0, 0) tests := []struct { time time.Duration result promql.Vector persistThisTime bool // If true, it means this 'time' is persisted for 'for'. }{ { time: 0, result: append(promql.Vector{}, result[:2]...), persistThisTime: true, }, { time: 5 * time.Minute, result: append(promql.Vector{}, result[2:]...), }, { time: 10 * time.Minute, result: append(promql.Vector{}, result[2:3]...), }, { time: 15 * time.Minute, result: nil, }, { time: 20 * time.Minute, result: nil, }, { time: 25 * time.Minute, result: append(promql.Vector{}, result[:1]...), persistThisTime: true, }, { time: 30 * time.Minute, result: append(promql.Vector{}, result[2:3]...), }, } ng := testEngine(t) var forState float64 for i, test := range tests { t.Logf("case %d", i) evalTime := baseTime.Add(test.time).Add(queryOffset) if test.persistThisTime { forState = float64(evalTime.Unix()) } if test.result == nil { forState = float64(value.StaleNaN) } res, err := rule.Eval(context.TODO(), queryOffset, evalTime, EngineQueryFunc(ng, storage), nil, 0) require.NoError(t, err) var filteredRes promql.Vector // After removing 'ALERTS' samples. for _, smpl := range res { smplName := smpl.Metric.Get("__name__") if smplName == "ALERTS_FOR_STATE" { filteredRes = append(filteredRes, smpl) } else { // If not 'ALERTS_FOR_STATE', it has to be 'ALERTS'. require.Equal(t, "ALERTS", smplName) } } for i := range test.result { test.result[i].T = timestamp.FromTime(evalTime.Add(-queryOffset)) // Updating the expected 'for' state. if test.result[i].F >= 0 { test.result[i].F = forState } } require.Equal(t, len(test.result), len(filteredRes), "%d. Number of samples in expected and actual output don't match (%d vs. %d)", i, len(test.result), len(res)) sort.Slice(filteredRes, func(i, j int) bool { return labels.Compare(filteredRes[i].Metric, filteredRes[j].Metric) < 0 }) prom_testutil.RequireEqual(t, test.result, filteredRes) for _, aa := range rule.ActiveAlerts() { require.Zero(t, aa.Labels.Get(model.MetricNameLabel), "%s label set on active alert: %s", model.MetricNameLabel, aa.Labels) } } }) } } // sortAlerts sorts `[]*Alert` w.r.t. the Labels. func sortAlerts(items []*Alert) { sort.Slice(items, func(i, j int) bool { return labels.Compare(items[i].Labels, items[j].Labels) <= 0 }) } func TestForStateRestore(t *testing.T) { for _, queryOffset := range []time.Duration{0, time.Minute} { t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("queryOffset %s", queryOffset.String()), func(t *testing.T) { storage := promqltest.LoadedStorage(t, ` load 5m http_requests{job="app-server", instance="0", group="canary", severity="overwrite-me"} 75 85 50 0 0 25 0 0 40 0 120 http_requests{job="app-server", instance="1", group="canary", severity="overwrite-me"} 125 90 60 0 0 25 0 0 40 0 130 `) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) expr, err := parser.ParseExpr(`http_requests{group="canary", job="app-server"} < 100`) require.NoError(t, err) ng := testEngine(t) opts := &ManagerOptions{ QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(ng, storage), Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), NotifyFunc: func(ctx context.Context, expr string, alerts ...*Alert) {}, OutageTolerance: 30 * time.Minute, ForGracePeriod: 10 * time.Minute, } alertForDuration := 25 * time.Minute // Initial run before prometheus goes down. rule := NewAlertingRule( "HTTPRequestRateLow", expr, alertForDuration, 0, labels.FromStrings("severity", "critical"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil, ) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "default", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, }) groups := make(map[string]*Group) groups["default;"] = group initialRuns := []time.Duration{0, 5 * time.Minute} baseTime := time.Unix(0, 0) for _, duration := range initialRuns { evalTime := baseTime.Add(duration) group.Eval(context.TODO(), evalTime) } // Prometheus goes down here. We create new rules and groups. type testInput struct { name string restoreDuration time.Duration expectedAlerts []*Alert num int noRestore bool gracePeriod bool downDuration time.Duration before func() } tests := []testInput{ { name: "normal restore (alerts were not firing)", restoreDuration: 15 * time.Minute, expectedAlerts: rule.ActiveAlerts(), downDuration: 10 * time.Minute, }, { name: "outage tolerance", restoreDuration: 40 * time.Minute, noRestore: true, num: 2, }, { name: "no active alerts", restoreDuration: 50 * time.Minute, expectedAlerts: []*Alert{}, }, { name: "test the grace period", restoreDuration: 25 * time.Minute, expectedAlerts: []*Alert{}, gracePeriod: true, before: func() { for _, duration := range []time.Duration{10 * time.Minute, 15 * time.Minute, 20 * time.Minute} { evalTime := baseTime.Add(duration) group.Eval(context.TODO(), evalTime) } }, num: 2, }, } for _, tt := range tests { t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) { if tt.before != nil { tt.before() } newRule := NewAlertingRule( "HTTPRequestRateLow", expr, alertForDuration, 0, labels.FromStrings("severity", "critical"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", false, nil, ) newGroup := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "default", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{newRule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, QueryOffset: &queryOffset, }) newGroups := make(map[string]*Group) newGroups["default;"] = newGroup restoreTime := baseTime.Add(tt.restoreDuration).Add(queryOffset) // First eval before restoration. newGroup.Eval(context.TODO(), restoreTime) // Restore happens here. newGroup.RestoreForState(restoreTime) got := newRule.ActiveAlerts() for _, aa := range got { require.Zero(t, aa.Labels.Get(model.MetricNameLabel), "%s label set on active alert: %s", model.MetricNameLabel, aa.Labels) } sort.Slice(got, func(i, j int) bool { return labels.Compare(got[i].Labels, got[j].Labels) < 0 }) // In all cases, we expect the restoration process to have completed. require.Truef(t, newRule.Restored(), "expected the rule restoration process to have completed") // Checking if we have restored it correctly. switch { case tt.noRestore: require.Len(t, got, tt.num) for _, e := range got { require.Equal(t, e.ActiveAt, restoreTime) } case tt.gracePeriod: require.Len(t, got, tt.num) for _, e := range got { require.Equal(t, opts.ForGracePeriod, e.ActiveAt.Add(alertForDuration).Sub(restoreTime)) } default: exp := tt.expectedAlerts require.Equal(t, len(exp), len(got)) sortAlerts(exp) sortAlerts(got) for i, e := range exp { require.Equal(t, e.Labels, got[i].Labels) // Difference in time should be within 1e6 ns, i.e. 1ms // (due to conversion between ns & ms, float64 & int64). activeAtDiff := queryOffset.Seconds() + float64(e.ActiveAt.Unix()+int64(tt.downDuration/time.Second)-got[i].ActiveAt.Unix()) require.Equal(t, 0.0, math.Abs(activeAtDiff), "'for' state restored time is wrong") } } }) } }) } } func TestStaleness(t *testing.T) { for _, queryOffset := range []time.Duration{0, time.Minute} { st := teststorage.New(t) defer st.Close() engineOpts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, engineOpts) opts := &ManagerOptions{ QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, st), Appendable: st, Queryable: st, Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("a + 1") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("a_plus_one", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "default", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, QueryOffset: &queryOffset, }) // A time series that has two samples and then goes stale. app := st.Appender(context.Background()) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 0, 1) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 1000, 2) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 2000, math.Float64frombits(value.StaleNaN)) err = app.Commit() require.NoError(t, err) ctx := context.Background() // Execute 3 times, 1 second apart. group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(0, 0).Add(queryOffset)) group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(1, 0).Add(queryOffset)) group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(2, 0).Add(queryOffset)) querier, err := st.Querier(0, 2000) require.NoError(t, err) defer querier.Close() matcher, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, model.MetricNameLabel, "a_plus_one") require.NoError(t, err) set := querier.Select(ctx, false, nil, matcher) samples, err := readSeriesSet(set) require.NoError(t, err) metric := labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a_plus_one").String() metricSample, ok := samples[metric] require.True(t, ok, "Series %s not returned.", metric) require.True(t, value.IsStaleNaN(metricSample[2].F), "Appended second sample not as expected. Wanted: stale NaN Got: %x", math.Float64bits(metricSample[2].F)) metricSample[2].F = 42 // require.Equal cannot handle NaN. want := map[string][]promql.FPoint{ metric: {{T: 0, F: 2}, {T: 1000, F: 3}, {T: 2000, F: 42}}, } require.Equal(t, want, samples) } } // Convert a SeriesSet into a form usable with require.Equal. func readSeriesSet(ss storage.SeriesSet) (map[string][]promql.FPoint, error) { result := map[string][]promql.FPoint{} var it chunkenc.Iterator for ss.Next() { series := ss.At() points := []promql.FPoint{} it := series.Iterator(it) for it.Next() == chunkenc.ValFloat { t, v := it.At() points = append(points, promql.FPoint{T: t, F: v}) } name := series.Labels().String() result[name] = points } return result, ss.Err() } func TestGroup_QueryOffset(t *testing.T) { config := ` groups: - name: group1 query_offset: 2m - name: group2 query_offset: 0s - name: group3 ` dir := t.TempDir() fname := path.Join(dir, "rules.yaml") err := os.WriteFile(fname, []byte(config), fs.ModePerm) require.NoError(t, err) m := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), DefaultRuleQueryOffset: func() time.Duration { return time.Minute }, }) m.start() err = m.Update(time.Second, []string{fname}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) rgs := m.RuleGroups() sort.Slice(rgs, func(i, j int) bool { return rgs[i].Name() < rgs[j].Name() }) // From config. require.Equal(t, 2*time.Minute, rgs[0].QueryOffset()) // Setting 0 in config is detected. require.Equal(t, time.Duration(0), rgs[1].QueryOffset()) // Default when nothing is set. require.Equal(t, time.Minute, rgs[2].QueryOffset()) m.Stop() } func TestCopyState(t *testing.T) { oldGroup := &Group{ rules: []Rule{ NewAlertingRule("alert", nil, 0, 0, labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil), NewRecordingRule("rule1", nil, labels.EmptyLabels()), NewRecordingRule("rule2", nil, labels.EmptyLabels()), NewRecordingRule("rule3", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1")), NewRecordingRule("rule3", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v2")), NewRecordingRule("rule3", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v3")), NewAlertingRule("alert2", nil, 0, 0, labels.FromStrings("l2", "v1"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil), }, seriesInPreviousEval: []map[string]labels.Labels{ {}, {}, {}, {"r3a": labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1")}, {"r3b": labels.FromStrings("l1", "v2")}, {"r3c": labels.FromStrings("l1", "v3")}, {"a2": labels.FromStrings("l2", "v1")}, }, evaluationTime: time.Second, } oldGroup.rules[0].(*AlertingRule).active[42] = nil newGroup := &Group{ rules: []Rule{ NewRecordingRule("rule3", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v0")), NewRecordingRule("rule3", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1")), NewRecordingRule("rule3", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v2")), NewAlertingRule("alert", nil, 0, 0, labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil), NewRecordingRule("rule1", nil, labels.EmptyLabels()), NewAlertingRule("alert2", nil, 0, 0, labels.FromStrings("l2", "v0"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil), NewAlertingRule("alert2", nil, 0, 0, labels.FromStrings("l2", "v1"), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil), NewRecordingRule("rule4", nil, labels.EmptyLabels()), }, seriesInPreviousEval: make([]map[string]labels.Labels, 8), } newGroup.CopyState(oldGroup) want := []map[string]labels.Labels{ nil, {"r3a": labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1")}, {"r3b": labels.FromStrings("l1", "v2")}, {}, {}, nil, {"a2": labels.FromStrings("l2", "v1")}, nil, } require.Equal(t, want, newGroup.seriesInPreviousEval) require.Equal(t, oldGroup.rules[0], newGroup.rules[3]) require.Equal(t, oldGroup.evaluationTime, newGroup.evaluationTime) require.Equal(t, oldGroup.lastEvaluation, newGroup.lastEvaluation) require.Equal(t, []labels.Labels{labels.FromStrings("l1", "v3")}, newGroup.staleSeries) } func TestDeletedRuleMarkedStale(t *testing.T) { st := teststorage.New(t) defer st.Close() oldGroup := &Group{ rules: []Rule{ NewRecordingRule("rule1", nil, labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1")), }, seriesInPreviousEval: []map[string]labels.Labels{ {"r1": labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1")}, }, } newGroup := &Group{ rules: []Rule{}, seriesInPreviousEval: []map[string]labels.Labels{}, opts: &ManagerOptions{ Appendable: st, RuleConcurrencyController: sequentialRuleEvalController{}, }, metrics: NewGroupMetrics(nil), } newGroup.CopyState(oldGroup) newGroup.Eval(context.Background(), time.Unix(0, 0)) querier, err := st.Querier(0, 2000) require.NoError(t, err) defer querier.Close() matcher, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "l1", "v1") require.NoError(t, err) set := querier.Select(context.Background(), false, nil, matcher) samples, err := readSeriesSet(set) require.NoError(t, err) metric := labels.FromStrings("l1", "v1").String() metricSample, ok := samples[metric] require.True(t, ok, "Series %s not returned.", metric) require.True(t, value.IsStaleNaN(metricSample[0].F), "Appended sample not as expected. Wanted: stale NaN Got: %x", math.Float64bits(metricSample[0].F)) } func TestUpdate(t *testing.T) { files := []string{"fixtures/rules.yaml"} expected := map[string]labels.Labels{ "test": labels.FromStrings("name", "value"), } st := teststorage.New(t) defer st.Close() opts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, opts) ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Appendable: st, Queryable: st, QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, st), Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), }) ruleManager.start() defer ruleManager.Stop() err := ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) require.NotEmpty(t, ruleManager.groups, "expected non-empty rule groups") ogs := map[string]*Group{} for h, g := range ruleManager.groups { g.seriesInPreviousEval = []map[string]labels.Labels{ expected, } ogs[h] = g } err = ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) for h, g := range ruleManager.groups { for _, actual := range g.seriesInPreviousEval { require.Equal(t, expected, actual) } // Groups are the same because of no updates. require.Equal(t, ogs[h], g) } // Groups will be recreated if updated. rgs, errs := rulefmt.ParseFile("fixtures/rules.yaml") require.Empty(t, errs, "file parsing failures") tmpFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "rules.test.*.yaml") require.NoError(t, err) defer os.Remove(tmpFile.Name()) defer tmpFile.Close() err = ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, []string{tmpFile.Name()}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) for h, g := range ruleManager.groups { ogs[h] = g } // Update interval and reload. for i, g := range rgs.Groups { if g.Interval != 0 { rgs.Groups[i].Interval = g.Interval * 2 } else { rgs.Groups[i].Interval = model.Duration(10) } } reloadAndValidate(rgs, t, tmpFile, ruleManager, ogs) // Update limit and reload. for i := range rgs.Groups { rgs.Groups[i].Limit = 1 } reloadAndValidate(rgs, t, tmpFile, ruleManager, ogs) // Change group rules and reload. for i, g := range rgs.Groups { for j, r := range g.Rules { rgs.Groups[i].Rules[j].Expr.SetString(fmt.Sprintf("%s * 0", r.Expr.Value)) } } reloadAndValidate(rgs, t, tmpFile, ruleManager, ogs) } // ruleGroupsTest for running tests over rules. type ruleGroupsTest struct { Groups []ruleGroupTest `yaml:"groups"` } // ruleGroupTest forms a testing struct for running tests over rules. type ruleGroupTest struct { Name string `yaml:"name"` Interval model.Duration `yaml:"interval,omitempty"` Limit int `yaml:"limit,omitempty"` Rules []rulefmt.Rule `yaml:"rules"` Labels map[string]string `yaml:"labels,omitempty"` } func formatRules(r *rulefmt.RuleGroups) ruleGroupsTest { grps := r.Groups tmp := []ruleGroupTest{} for _, g := range grps { rtmp := []rulefmt.Rule{} for _, r := range g.Rules { rtmp = append(rtmp, rulefmt.Rule{ Record: r.Record.Value, Alert: r.Alert.Value, Expr: r.Expr.Value, For: r.For, Labels: r.Labels, Annotations: r.Annotations, }) } tmp = append(tmp, ruleGroupTest{ Name: g.Name, Interval: g.Interval, Limit: g.Limit, Rules: rtmp, Labels: g.Labels, }) } return ruleGroupsTest{ Groups: tmp, } } func reloadAndValidate(rgs *rulefmt.RuleGroups, t *testing.T, tmpFile *os.File, ruleManager *Manager, ogs map[string]*Group) { bs, err := yaml.Marshal(formatRules(rgs)) require.NoError(t, err) tmpFile.Seek(0, 0) _, err = tmpFile.Write(bs) require.NoError(t, err) err = ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, []string{tmpFile.Name()}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) for h, g := range ruleManager.groups { if ogs[h] == g { t.Fail() } ogs[h] = g } } func TestNotify(t *testing.T) { storage := teststorage.New(t) defer storage.Close() engineOpts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, engineOpts) var lastNotified []*Alert notifyFunc := func(ctx context.Context, expr string, alerts ...*Alert) { lastNotified = alerts } opts := &ManagerOptions{ QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, storage), Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), NotifyFunc: notifyFunc, ResendDelay: 2 * time.Second, } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("a > 1") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewAlertingRule("aTooHigh", expr, 0, 0, labels.Labels{}, labels.Labels{}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, promslog.NewNopLogger()) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "alert", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, }) app := storage.Appender(context.Background()) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 1000, 2) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 2000, 3) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 5000, 3) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 6000, 0) err = app.Commit() require.NoError(t, err) ctx := context.Background() // Alert sent right away group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(1, 0)) require.Len(t, lastNotified, 1) require.NotZero(t, lastNotified[0].ValidUntil, "ValidUntil should not be zero") // Alert is not sent 1s later group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(2, 0)) require.Empty(t, lastNotified) // Alert is resent at t=5s group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(5, 0)) require.Len(t, lastNotified, 1) // Resolution alert sent right away group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(6, 0)) require.Len(t, lastNotified, 1) } func TestMetricsUpdate(t *testing.T) { files := []string{"fixtures/rules.yaml", "fixtures/rules2.yaml"} metricNames := []string{ "prometheus_rule_evaluations_total", "prometheus_rule_evaluation_failures_total", "prometheus_rule_group_interval_seconds", "prometheus_rule_group_last_duration_seconds", "prometheus_rule_group_last_evaluation_timestamp_seconds", "prometheus_rule_group_rules", } storage := teststorage.New(t) defer storage.Close() registry := prometheus.NewRegistry() opts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, opts) ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, storage), Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), Registerer: registry, }) ruleManager.start() defer ruleManager.Stop() countMetrics := func() int { ms, err := registry.Gather() require.NoError(t, err) var metrics int for _, m := range ms { s := m.GetName() for _, n := range metricNames { if s == n { metrics += len(m.Metric) break } } } return metrics } cases := []struct { files []string metrics int }{ { files: files, metrics: 12, }, { files: files[:1], metrics: 6, }, { files: files[:0], metrics: 0, }, { files: files[1:], metrics: 6, }, } for i, c := range cases { err := ruleManager.Update(time.Second, c.files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) time.Sleep(2 * time.Second) require.Equal(t, c.metrics, countMetrics(), "test %d: invalid count of metrics", i) } } func TestGroupStalenessOnRemoval(t *testing.T) { if testing.Short() { t.Skip("skipping test in short mode.") } files := []string{"fixtures/rules2.yaml"} sameFiles := []string{"fixtures/rules2_copy.yaml"} storage := teststorage.New(t) defer storage.Close() opts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, opts) ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, storage), Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), }) var stopped bool ruleManager.start() defer func() { if !stopped { ruleManager.Stop() } }() cases := []struct { files []string staleNaN int }{ { files: files, staleNaN: 0, }, { // When we remove the files, it should produce a staleness marker. files: files[:0], staleNaN: 1, }, { // Rules that produce the same metrics but in a different file // should not produce staleness marker. files: sameFiles, staleNaN: 0, }, { // Staleness marker should be present as we don't have any rules // loaded anymore. files: files[:0], staleNaN: 1, }, { // Add rules back so we have rules loaded when we stop the manager // and check for the absence of staleness markers. files: sameFiles, staleNaN: 0, }, } var totalStaleNaN int for i, c := range cases { err := ruleManager.Update(time.Second, c.files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) totalStaleNaN += c.staleNaN require.Equal(t, totalStaleNaN, countStaleNaN(t, storage), "test %d/%q: invalid count of staleness markers", i, c.files) } ruleManager.Stop() stopped = true require.Equal(t, totalStaleNaN, countStaleNaN(t, storage), "invalid count of staleness markers after stopping the engine") } func TestMetricsStalenessOnManagerShutdown(t *testing.T) { if testing.Short() { t.Skip("skipping test in short mode.") } files := []string{"fixtures/rules2.yaml"} storage := teststorage.New(t) defer storage.Close() opts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, opts) ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, storage), Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), }) var stopped bool ruleManager.start() defer func() { if !stopped { ruleManager.Stop() } }() err := ruleManager.Update(2*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) time.Sleep(4 * time.Second) require.NoError(t, err) start := time.Now() err = ruleManager.Update(3*time.Second, files[:0], labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) ruleManager.Stop() stopped = true require.Less(t, time.Since(start), 1*time.Second, "rule manager does not stop early") time.Sleep(5 * time.Second) require.Equal(t, 0, countStaleNaN(t, storage), "invalid count of staleness markers after stopping the engine") } func countStaleNaN(t *testing.T, st storage.Storage) int { var c int querier, err := st.Querier(0, time.Now().Unix()*1000) require.NoError(t, err) defer querier.Close() matcher, err := labels.NewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, model.MetricNameLabel, "test_2") require.NoError(t, err) set := querier.Select(context.Background(), false, nil, matcher) samples, err := readSeriesSet(set) require.NoError(t, err) metric := labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "test_2").String() metricSample, ok := samples[metric] require.True(t, ok, "Series %s not returned.", metric) for _, s := range metricSample { if value.IsStaleNaN(s.F) { c++ } } return c } func TestRuleMovedBetweenGroups(t *testing.T) { if testing.Short() { t.Skip("skipping test in short mode.") } storage := teststorage.New(t, 600000) defer storage.Close() opts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promql.NewEngine(opts) ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, storage), Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), }) var stopped bool ruleManager.start() defer func() { if !stopped { ruleManager.Stop() } }() rule2 := "fixtures/rules2.yaml" rule1 := "fixtures/rules1.yaml" // Load initial configuration of rules2 require.NoError(t, ruleManager.Update(1*time.Second, []string{rule2}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil)) // Wait for rule to be evaluated time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) // Reload configuration of rules1 require.NoError(t, ruleManager.Update(1*time.Second, []string{rule1}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil)) // Wait for rule to be evaluated in new location and potential staleness marker time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) require.Equal(t, 0, countStaleNaN(t, storage)) // Not expecting any stale markers. } func TestGroupHasAlertingRules(t *testing.T) { tests := []struct { group *Group want bool }{ { group: &Group{ name: "HasAlertingRule", rules: []Rule{ NewAlertingRule("alert", nil, 0, 0, labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, nil), NewRecordingRule("record", nil, labels.EmptyLabels()), }, }, want: true, }, { group: &Group{ name: "HasNoRule", rules: []Rule{}, }, want: false, }, { group: &Group{ name: "HasOnlyRecordingRule", rules: []Rule{ NewRecordingRule("record", nil, labels.EmptyLabels()), }, }, want: false, }, } for i, test := range tests { got := test.group.HasAlertingRules() require.Equal(t, test.want, got, "test case %d failed, expected:%t got:%t", i, test.want, got) } } func TestRuleHealthUpdates(t *testing.T) { st := teststorage.New(t) defer st.Close() engineOpts := promql.EngineOpts{ Logger: nil, Reg: nil, MaxSamples: 10, Timeout: 10 * time.Second, } engine := promqltest.NewTestEngineWithOpts(t, engineOpts) opts := &ManagerOptions{ QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(engine, st), Appendable: st, Queryable: st, Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("a + 1") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("a_plus_one", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "default", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, }) // A time series that has two samples. app := st.Appender(context.Background()) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 0, 1) app.Append(0, labels.FromStrings(model.MetricNameLabel, "a"), 1000, 2) err = app.Commit() require.NoError(t, err) ctx := context.Background() rules := group.Rules()[0] require.NoError(t, rules.LastError()) require.Equal(t, HealthUnknown, rules.Health()) // Execute 2 times, it should be all green. group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(0, 0)) group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(1, 0)) rules = group.Rules()[0] require.NoError(t, rules.LastError()) require.Equal(t, HealthGood, rules.Health()) // Now execute the rule in the past again, this should cause append failures. group.Eval(ctx, time.Unix(0, 0)) rules = group.Rules()[0] require.EqualError(t, rules.LastError(), storage.ErrOutOfOrderSample.Error()) require.Equal(t, HealthBad, rules.Health()) } func TestRuleGroupEvalIterationFunc(t *testing.T) { storage := promqltest.LoadedStorage(t, ` load 5m http_requests{instance="0"} 75 85 50 0 0 25 0 0 40 0 120 `) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) expr, err := parser.ParseExpr(`http_requests{group="canary", job="app-server"} < 100`) require.NoError(t, err) testValue := 1 evalIterationFunc := func(ctx context.Context, g *Group, evalTimestamp time.Time) { testValue = 2 DefaultEvalIterationFunc(ctx, g, evalTimestamp) testValue = 3 } skipEvalIterationFunc := func(ctx context.Context, g *Group, evalTimestamp time.Time) { testValue = 4 } type testInput struct { evalIterationFunc GroupEvalIterationFunc expectedValue int lastEvalTimestampIsZero bool } tests := []testInput{ // testValue should still have value of 1 since the default iteration function will be called. { evalIterationFunc: nil, expectedValue: 1, lastEvalTimestampIsZero: false, }, // testValue should be incremented to 3 since evalIterationFunc is called. { evalIterationFunc: evalIterationFunc, expectedValue: 3, lastEvalTimestampIsZero: false, }, // testValue should be incremented to 4 since skipEvalIterationFunc is called. { evalIterationFunc: skipEvalIterationFunc, expectedValue: 4, lastEvalTimestampIsZero: true, }, } ng := testEngine(t) testFunc := func(tst testInput) { opts := &ManagerOptions{ QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(ng, storage), Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), NotifyFunc: func(ctx context.Context, expr string, alerts ...*Alert) {}, OutageTolerance: 30 * time.Minute, ForGracePeriod: 10 * time.Minute, } activeAlert := &Alert{ State: StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Now(), } m := map[uint64]*Alert{} m[1] = activeAlert rule := &AlertingRule{ name: "HTTPRequestRateLow", vector: expr, holdDuration: 5 * time.Minute, labels: labels.FromStrings("severity", "critical"), annotations: labels.EmptyLabels(), externalLabels: nil, externalURL: "", active: m, logger: nil, restored: atomic.NewBool(true), health: atomic.NewString(string(HealthUnknown)), evaluationTimestamp: atomic.NewTime(time.Time{}), evaluationDuration: atomic.NewDuration(0), lastError: atomic.NewError(nil), noDependentRules: atomic.NewBool(false), noDependencyRules: atomic.NewBool(false), } group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "default", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, EvalIterationFunc: tst.evalIterationFunc, }) go func() { group.run(opts.Context) }() time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) group.stop() require.Equal(t, tst.expectedValue, testValue) if tst.lastEvalTimestampIsZero { require.Zero(t, group.GetLastEvalTimestamp()) } else { oneMinute, _ := time.ParseDuration("1m") require.WithinDuration(t, time.Now(), group.GetLastEvalTimestamp(), oneMinute) } } for i, tst := range tests { t.Logf("case %d", i) testFunc(tst) } } func TestNativeHistogramsInRecordingRules(t *testing.T) { storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) // Add some histograms. db := storage.DB hists := tsdbutil.GenerateTestHistograms(5) ts := time.Now() app := db.Appender(context.Background()) for i, h := range hists { l := labels.FromStrings("__name__", "histogram_metric", "idx", strconv.Itoa(i)) _, err := app.AppendHistogram(0, l, ts.UnixMilli(), h.Copy(), nil) require.NoError(t, err) } require.NoError(t, app.Commit()) ng := testEngine(t) opts := &ManagerOptions{ QueryFunc: EngineQueryFunc(ng, storage), Appendable: storage, Queryable: storage, Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum(histogram_metric)") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("sum:histogram_metric", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "default", Interval: time.Hour, Rules: []Rule{rule}, ShouldRestore: true, Opts: opts, }) group.Eval(context.Background(), ts.Add(10*time.Second)) q, err := db.Querier(ts.UnixMilli(), ts.Add(20*time.Second).UnixMilli()) require.NoError(t, err) ss := q.Select(context.Background(), false, nil, labels.MustNewMatcher(labels.MatchEqual, "__name__", "sum:histogram_metric")) require.True(t, ss.Next()) s := ss.At() require.False(t, ss.Next()) require.Equal(t, labels.FromStrings("__name__", "sum:histogram_metric"), s.Labels()) expHist := hists[0].ToFloat(nil) for _, h := range hists[1:] { expHist, err = expHist.Add(h.ToFloat(nil)) require.NoError(t, err) } it := s.Iterator(nil) require.Equal(t, chunkenc.ValFloatHistogram, it.Next()) tsp, fh := it.AtFloatHistogram(nil) require.Equal(t, ts.Add(10*time.Second).UnixMilli(), tsp) require.Equal(t, expHist, fh) require.Equal(t, chunkenc.ValNone, it.Next()) } func TestManager_LoadGroups_ShouldCheckWhetherEachRuleHasDependentsAndDependencies(t *testing.T) { storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { require.NoError(t, storage.Close()) }) ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), Appendable: storage, QueryFunc: func(ctx context.Context, q string, ts time.Time) (promql.Vector, error) { return nil, nil }, }) t.Run("load a mix of dependent and independent rules", func(t *testing.T) { groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple.yaml"}...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, 1) expected := map[string]struct { noDependentRules bool noDependencyRules bool }{ "job:http_requests:rate1m": { noDependentRules: true, noDependencyRules: true, }, "job:http_requests:rate5m": { noDependentRules: true, noDependencyRules: true, }, "job:http_requests:rate15m": { noDependentRules: true, noDependencyRules: false, }, "TooManyRequests": { noDependentRules: false, noDependencyRules: true, }, } for _, r := range ruleManager.Rules() { exp, ok := expected[r.Name()] require.Truef(t, ok, "rule: %s", r.String()) require.Equalf(t, exp.noDependentRules, r.NoDependentRules(), "rule: %s", r.String()) require.Equalf(t, exp.noDependencyRules, r.NoDependencyRules(), "rule: %s", r.String()) } }) t.Run("load only independent rules", func(t *testing.T) { groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple_independent.yaml"}...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, 1) for _, r := range ruleManager.Rules() { require.Truef(t, r.NoDependentRules(), "rule: %s", r.String()) require.Truef(t, r.NoDependencyRules(), "rule: %s", r.String()) } }) } func TestDependencyMap(t *testing.T) { ctx := context.Background() opts := &ManagerOptions{ Context: ctx, Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum by (user) (rate(requests[1m]))") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate1m", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("user:requests:rate1m <= 0") require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewAlertingRule("ZeroRequests", expr, 0, 0, labels.Labels{}, labels.Labels{}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, promslog.NewNopLogger()) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("sum by (user) (rate(requests[5m]))") require.NoError(t, err) rule3 := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate5m", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("increase(user:requests:rate1m[1h])") require.NoError(t, err) rule4 := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:increase1h", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule, rule2, rule3, rule4}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) require.Zero(t, depMap.dependencies(rule)) require.Equal(t, 2, depMap.dependents(rule)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule)) require.Zero(t, depMap.dependents(rule2)) require.Equal(t, 1, depMap.dependencies(rule2)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) require.Zero(t, depMap.dependents(rule3)) require.Zero(t, depMap.dependencies(rule3)) require.True(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule3)) require.Zero(t, depMap.dependents(rule4)) require.Equal(t, 1, depMap.dependencies(rule4)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule4)) } func TestNoDependency(t *testing.T) { ctx := context.Background() opts := &ManagerOptions{ Context: ctx, Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum by (user) (rate(requests[1m]))") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate1m", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A group with only one rule cannot have dependencies. require.Empty(t, depMap) } func TestDependenciesEdgeCases(t *testing.T) { ctx := context.Background() opts := &ManagerOptions{ Context: ctx, Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } t.Run("empty group", func(t *testing.T) { group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{}, // empty group Opts: opts, }) expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum by (user) (rate(requests[1m]))") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate1m", expr, labels.Labels{}) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A group with no rules has no dependency map, but doesn't panic if the map is queried. require.Empty(t, depMap) require.True(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule)) }) t.Run("rules which reference no series", func(t *testing.T) { expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("one") require.NoError(t, err) rule1 := NewRecordingRule("1", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("two") require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("2", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule1, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A group with rules which reference no series will still produce a dependency map require.True(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule1)) require.True(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) }) t.Run("rule with regexp matcher on metric name", func(t *testing.T) { expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum(requests)") require.NoError(t, err) rule1 := NewRecordingRule("first", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr(`sum({__name__=~".+"})`) require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("second", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule1, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A rule with regexp matcher on metric name causes the whole group to be indeterminate. require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule1)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) }) t.Run("rule with not equal matcher on metric name", func(t *testing.T) { expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum(requests)") require.NoError(t, err) rule1 := NewRecordingRule("first", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr(`sum({__name__!="requests", service="app"})`) require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("second", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule1, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A rule with not equal matcher on metric name causes the whole group to be indeterminate. require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule1)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) }) t.Run("rule with not regexp matcher on metric name", func(t *testing.T) { expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum(requests)") require.NoError(t, err) rule1 := NewRecordingRule("first", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr(`sum({__name__!~"requests.+", service="app"})`) require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("second", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule1, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A rule with not regexp matcher on metric name causes the whole group to be indeterminate. require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule1)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) }) t.Run("rule querying ALERTS metric", func(t *testing.T) { expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum(requests)") require.NoError(t, err) rule1 := NewRecordingRule("first", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr(`sum(ALERTS{alertname="test"})`) require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("second", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule1, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A rule querying ALERTS metric causes the whole group to be indeterminate. require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule1)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) }) t.Run("rule querying ALERTS_FOR_STATE metric", func(t *testing.T) { expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum(requests)") require.NoError(t, err) rule1 := NewRecordingRule("first", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr(`sum(ALERTS_FOR_STATE{alertname="test"})`) require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("second", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule1, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A rule querying ALERTS_FOR_STATE metric causes the whole group to be indeterminate. require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule1)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) }) } func TestNoMetricSelector(t *testing.T) { ctx := context.Background() opts := &ManagerOptions{ Context: ctx, Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum by (user) (rate(requests[1m]))") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate1m", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr(`count({user="bob"})`) require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate1m", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) // A rule with no metric selector cannot be reliably determined to have no dependencies on other rules, and therefore // all rules are not considered independent. require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) } func TestDependentRulesWithNonMetricExpression(t *testing.T) { ctx := context.Background() opts := &ManagerOptions{ Context: ctx, Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("sum by (user) (rate(requests[1m]))") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("user:requests:rate1m", expr, labels.Labels{}) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("user:requests:rate1m <= 0") require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewAlertingRule("ZeroRequests", expr, 0, 0, labels.Labels{}, labels.Labels{}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", true, promslog.NewNopLogger()) expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("3") require.NoError(t, err) rule3 := NewRecordingRule("three", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule, rule2, rule3}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule)) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule2)) require.True(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule3)) } func TestRulesDependentOnMetaMetrics(t *testing.T) { ctx := context.Background() opts := &ManagerOptions{ Context: ctx, Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), } // This rule is not dependent on any other rules in its group but it does depend on `ALERTS`, which is produced by // the rule engine, and is therefore not independent. expr, err := parser.ParseExpr("count(ALERTS)") require.NoError(t, err) rule := NewRecordingRule("alert_count", expr, labels.Labels{}) // Create another rule so a dependency map is built (no map is built if a group contains one or fewer rules). expr, err = parser.ParseExpr("1") require.NoError(t, err) rule2 := NewRecordingRule("one", expr, labels.Labels{}) group := NewGroup(GroupOptions{ Name: "rule_group", Interval: time.Second, Rules: []Rule{rule, rule2}, Opts: opts, }) depMap := buildDependencyMap(group.rules) require.False(t, depMap.isIndependent(rule)) } func TestDependencyMapUpdatesOnGroupUpdate(t *testing.T) { files := []string{"fixtures/rules.yaml"} ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), }) ruleManager.start() defer ruleManager.Stop() err := ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) require.NotEmpty(t, ruleManager.groups, "expected non-empty rule groups") orig := make(map[string]dependencyMap, len(ruleManager.groups)) for _, g := range ruleManager.groups { depMap := buildDependencyMap(g.rules) // No dependency map is expected because there is only one rule in the group. require.Empty(t, depMap) orig[g.Name()] = depMap } // Update once without changing groups. err = ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) for h, g := range ruleManager.groups { depMap := buildDependencyMap(g.rules) // Dependency maps are the same because of no updates. if orig[h] == nil { require.Empty(t, orig[h]) require.Empty(t, depMap) } else { require.Equal(t, orig[h], depMap) } } // Groups will be recreated when updated. files[0] = "fixtures/rules_dependencies.yaml" err = ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) for h, g := range ruleManager.groups { const ruleName = "job:http_requests:rate5m" var rr *RecordingRule for _, r := range g.rules { if r.Name() == ruleName { rr = r.(*RecordingRule) } } require.NotEmptyf(t, rr, "expected to find %q recording rule in fixture", ruleName) depMap := buildDependencyMap(g.rules) // Dependency maps must change because the groups would've been updated. require.NotEqual(t, orig[h], depMap) // We expect there to be some dependencies since the new rule group contains a dependency. require.NotEmpty(t, depMap) require.Equal(t, 1, depMap.dependents(rr)) require.Zero(t, depMap.dependencies(rr)) } } func TestAsyncRuleEvaluation(t *testing.T) { t.Run("synchronous evaluation with independent rules", func(t *testing.T) { t.Parallel() storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) inflightQueries := atomic.Int32{} maxInflight := atomic.Int32{} ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background()) t.Cleanup(cancel) ruleManager := NewManager(optsFactory(storage, &maxInflight, &inflightQueries, 0)) groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple.yaml"}...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, 1) ruleCount := 4 for _, group := range groups { require.Len(t, group.rules, ruleCount) start := time.Now() group.Eval(ctx, start) // Never expect more than 1 inflight query at a time. require.EqualValues(t, 1, maxInflight.Load()) // Each rule should take at least 1 second to execute sequentially. require.GreaterOrEqual(t, time.Since(start).Seconds(), (time.Duration(ruleCount) * artificialDelay).Seconds()) // Each rule produces one vector. require.EqualValues(t, ruleCount, testutil.ToFloat64(group.metrics.GroupSamples)) } }) t.Run("asynchronous evaluation with independent and dependent rules", func(t *testing.T) { t.Parallel() storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) inflightQueries := atomic.Int32{} maxInflight := atomic.Int32{} ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background()) t.Cleanup(cancel) ruleCount := 4 opts := optsFactory(storage, &maxInflight, &inflightQueries, 0) // Configure concurrency settings. opts.ConcurrentEvalsEnabled = true opts.MaxConcurrentEvals = 2 opts.RuleConcurrencyController = nil ruleManager := NewManager(opts) groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple.yaml"}...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, 1) for _, group := range groups { require.Len(t, group.rules, ruleCount) start := time.Now() group.Eval(ctx, start) // Max inflight can be 1 synchronous eval and up to MaxConcurrentEvals concurrent evals. require.EqualValues(t, opts.MaxConcurrentEvals+1, maxInflight.Load()) // Some rules should execute concurrently so should complete quicker. require.Less(t, time.Since(start).Seconds(), (time.Duration(ruleCount) * artificialDelay).Seconds()) // Each rule produces one vector. require.EqualValues(t, ruleCount, testutil.ToFloat64(group.metrics.GroupSamples)) } }) t.Run("asynchronous evaluation of all independent rules, insufficient concurrency", func(t *testing.T) { t.Parallel() storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) inflightQueries := atomic.Int32{} maxInflight := atomic.Int32{} ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background()) t.Cleanup(cancel) ruleCount := 6 opts := optsFactory(storage, &maxInflight, &inflightQueries, 0) // Configure concurrency settings. opts.ConcurrentEvalsEnabled = true opts.MaxConcurrentEvals = 2 opts.RuleConcurrencyController = nil ruleManager := NewManager(opts) groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple_independent.yaml"}...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, 1) for _, group := range groups { require.Len(t, group.rules, ruleCount) start := time.Now() group.Eval(ctx, start) // Max inflight can be 1 synchronous eval and up to MaxConcurrentEvals concurrent evals. require.EqualValues(t, opts.MaxConcurrentEvals+1, maxInflight.Load()) // Some rules should execute concurrently so should complete quicker. require.Less(t, time.Since(start).Seconds(), (time.Duration(ruleCount) * artificialDelay).Seconds()) // Each rule produces one vector. require.EqualValues(t, ruleCount, testutil.ToFloat64(group.metrics.GroupSamples)) } }) t.Run("asynchronous evaluation of all independent rules, sufficient concurrency", func(t *testing.T) { t.Parallel() storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) inflightQueries := atomic.Int32{} maxInflight := atomic.Int32{} ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background()) t.Cleanup(cancel) ruleCount := 6 opts := optsFactory(storage, &maxInflight, &inflightQueries, 0) // Configure concurrency settings. opts.ConcurrentEvalsEnabled = true opts.MaxConcurrentEvals = int64(ruleCount) * 2 opts.RuleConcurrencyController = nil ruleManager := NewManager(opts) groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple_independent.yaml"}...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, 1) for _, group := range groups { require.Len(t, group.rules, ruleCount) start := time.Now() group.Eval(ctx, start) // Max inflight can be up to MaxConcurrentEvals concurrent evals, since there is sufficient concurrency to run all rules at once. require.LessOrEqual(t, int64(maxInflight.Load()), opts.MaxConcurrentEvals) // Some rules should execute concurrently so should complete quicker. require.Less(t, time.Since(start).Seconds(), (time.Duration(ruleCount) * artificialDelay).Seconds()) // Each rule produces one vector. require.EqualValues(t, ruleCount, testutil.ToFloat64(group.metrics.GroupSamples)) } }) } func TestBoundedRuleEvalConcurrency(t *testing.T) { storage := teststorage.New(t) t.Cleanup(func() { storage.Close() }) var ( inflightQueries atomic.Int32 maxInflight atomic.Int32 maxConcurrency int64 = 3 groupCount = 2 ) files := []string{"fixtures/rules_multiple_groups.yaml"} ruleManager := NewManager(optsFactory(storage, &maxInflight, &inflightQueries, maxConcurrency)) groups, errs := ruleManager.LoadGroups(time.Second, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil, files...) require.Empty(t, errs) require.Len(t, groups, groupCount) ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background()) t.Cleanup(cancel) // Evaluate groups concurrently (like they normally do). var wg sync.WaitGroup for _, group := range groups { group := group wg.Add(1) go func() { group.Eval(ctx, time.Now()) wg.Done() }() } wg.Wait() // Synchronous queries also count towards inflight, so at most we can have maxConcurrency+$groupCount inflight evaluations. require.EqualValues(t, maxInflight.Load(), int32(maxConcurrency)+int32(groupCount)) } func TestUpdateWhenStopped(t *testing.T) { files := []string{"fixtures/rules.yaml"} ruleManager := NewManager(&ManagerOptions{ Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), }) ruleManager.start() err := ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, files, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) require.NotEmpty(t, ruleManager.groups) ruleManager.Stop() // Updates following a stop are no-op. err = ruleManager.Update(10*time.Second, []string{}, labels.EmptyLabels(), "", nil) require.NoError(t, err) } const artificialDelay = 250 * time.Millisecond func optsFactory(storage storage.Storage, maxInflight, inflightQueries *atomic.Int32, maxConcurrent int64) *ManagerOptions { var inflightMu sync.Mutex concurrent := maxConcurrent > 0 return &ManagerOptions{ Context: context.Background(), Logger: promslog.NewNopLogger(), ConcurrentEvalsEnabled: concurrent, MaxConcurrentEvals: maxConcurrent, Appendable: storage, QueryFunc: func(ctx context.Context, q string, ts time.Time) (promql.Vector, error) { inflightMu.Lock() current := inflightQueries.Add(1) defer func() { inflightQueries.Add(-1) }() highWatermark := maxInflight.Load() if current > highWatermark { maxInflight.Store(current) } inflightMu.Unlock() // Artificially delay all query executions to highlight concurrent execution improvement. time.Sleep(artificialDelay) // Return a stub sample. return promql.Vector{ promql.Sample{Metric: labels.FromStrings("__name__", "test"), T: ts.UnixMilli(), F: 12345}, }, nil }, } } func TestLabels_FromMaps(t *testing.T) { mLabels := FromMaps( map[string]string{"aaa": "101", "bbb": "222"}, map[string]string{"aaa": "111", "ccc": "333"}, ) expected := labels.New( labels.Label{Name: "aaa", Value: "111"}, labels.Label{Name: "bbb", Value: "222"}, labels.Label{Name: "ccc", Value: "333"}, ) require.Equal(t, expected, mLabels, "unexpected labelset") }