// Copyright 2017 The Prometheus Authors // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. package wlog import ( "bytes" "crypto/rand" "fmt" "io" "os" "path/filepath" "testing" client_testutil "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/testutil" "github.com/stretchr/testify/require" "go.uber.org/goleak" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/tsdb/fileutil" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/testutil" ) func TestMain(m *testing.M) { goleak.VerifyTestMain(m) } // TestWALRepair_ReadingError ensures that a repair is run for an error // when reading a record. func TestWALRepair_ReadingError(t *testing.T) { for name, test := range map[string]struct { corrSgm int // Which segment to corrupt. corrFunc func(f *os.File) // Func that applies the corruption. intactRecs int // Total expected records left after the repair. }{ "torn_last_record": { 2, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize*2, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte{byte(recFirst)}) require.NoError(t, err) }, 8, }, // Ensures that the page buffer is big enough to fit // an entire page size without panicking. // https://github.com/prometheus/tsdb/pull/414 "bad_header": { 1, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte{byte(recPageTerm)}) require.NoError(t, err) }, 4, }, "bad_fragment_sequence": { 1, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte{byte(recLast)}) require.NoError(t, err) }, 4, }, "bad_fragment_flag": { 1, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte{123}) require.NoError(t, err) }, 4, }, "bad_checksum": { 1, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize+4, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte{0}) require.NoError(t, err) }, 4, }, "bad_length": { 1, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize+2, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte{0}) require.NoError(t, err) }, 4, }, "bad_content": { 1, func(f *os.File) { _, err := f.Seek(pageSize+100, 0) require.NoError(t, err) _, err = f.Write([]byte("beef")) require.NoError(t, err) }, 4, }, } { t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) { dir := t.TempDir() // We create 3 segments with 3 records each and // then corrupt a given record in a given segment. // As a result we want a repaired WAL with given intact records. segSize := 3 * pageSize w, err := NewSize(nil, nil, dir, segSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) var records [][]byte for i := 1; i <= 9; i++ { b := make([]byte, pageSize-recordHeaderSize) b[0] = byte(i) records = append(records, b) require.NoError(t, w.Log(b)) } first, last, err := Segments(w.Dir()) require.NoError(t, err) require.Equal(t, 3, 1+last-first, "wlog creation didn't result in expected number of segments") require.NoError(t, w.Close()) f, err := os.OpenFile(SegmentName(dir, test.corrSgm), os.O_RDWR, 0o666) require.NoError(t, err) // Apply corruption function. test.corrFunc(f) require.NoError(t, f.Close()) w, err = NewSize(nil, nil, dir, segSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) defer w.Close() first, last, err = Segments(w.Dir()) require.NoError(t, err) // Backfill segments from the most recent checkpoint onwards. for i := first; i <= last; i++ { s, err := OpenReadSegment(SegmentName(w.Dir(), i)) require.NoError(t, err) sr := NewSegmentBufReader(s) require.NoError(t, err) r := NewReader(sr) for r.Next() { } // Close the segment so we don't break things on Windows. s.Close() // No corruption in this segment. if r.Err() == nil { continue } require.NoError(t, w.Repair(r.Err())) break } sr, err := NewSegmentsReader(dir) require.NoError(t, err) defer sr.Close() r := NewReader(sr) var result [][]byte for r.Next() { var b []byte result = append(result, append(b, r.Record()...)) } require.NoError(t, r.Err()) require.Len(t, result, test.intactRecs, "Wrong number of intact records") for i, r := range result { if !bytes.Equal(records[i], r) { t.Fatalf("record %d diverges: want %x, got %x", i, records[i][:10], r[:10]) } } // Make sure there is a new 0 size Segment after the corrupted Segment. _, last, err = Segments(w.Dir()) require.NoError(t, err) require.Equal(t, test.corrSgm+1, last) fi, err := os.Stat(SegmentName(dir, last)) require.NoError(t, err) require.Equal(t, int64(0), fi.Size()) }) } } // TestCorruptAndCarryOn writes a multi-segment WAL; corrupts the first segment and // ensures that an error during reading that segment are correctly repaired before // moving to write more records to the WAL. func TestCorruptAndCarryOn(t *testing.T) { dir := t.TempDir() var ( logger = testutil.NewLogger(t) segmentSize = pageSize * 3 recordSize = (pageSize / 3) - recordHeaderSize ) // Produce a WAL with a two segments of 3 pages with 3 records each, // so when we truncate the file we're guaranteed to split a record. { w, err := NewSize(logger, nil, dir, segmentSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) for i := 0; i < 18; i++ { buf := make([]byte, recordSize) _, err := rand.Read(buf) require.NoError(t, err) err = w.Log(buf) require.NoError(t, err) } err = w.Close() require.NoError(t, err) } // Check all the segments are the correct size. { segments, err := listSegments(dir) require.NoError(t, err) for _, segment := range segments { f, err := os.OpenFile(filepath.Join(dir, fmt.Sprintf("%08d", segment.index)), os.O_RDONLY, 0o666) require.NoError(t, err) fi, err := f.Stat() require.NoError(t, err) t.Log("segment", segment.index, "size", fi.Size()) require.Equal(t, int64(segmentSize), fi.Size()) err = f.Close() require.NoError(t, err) } } // Truncate the first file, splitting the middle record in the second // page in half, leaving 4 valid records. { f, err := os.OpenFile(filepath.Join(dir, fmt.Sprintf("%08d", 0)), os.O_RDWR, 0o666) require.NoError(t, err) fi, err := f.Stat() require.NoError(t, err) require.Equal(t, int64(segmentSize), fi.Size()) err = f.Truncate(int64(segmentSize / 2)) require.NoError(t, err) err = f.Close() require.NoError(t, err) } // Now try and repair this WAL, and write 5 more records to it. { sr, err := NewSegmentsReader(dir) require.NoError(t, err) reader := NewReader(sr) i := 0 for ; i < 4 && reader.Next(); i++ { require.Len(t, reader.Record(), recordSize) } require.Equal(t, 4, i, "not enough records") require.False(t, reader.Next(), "unexpected record") corruptionErr := reader.Err() require.Error(t, corruptionErr) err = sr.Close() require.NoError(t, err) w, err := NewSize(logger, nil, dir, segmentSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) err = w.Repair(corruptionErr) require.NoError(t, err) // Ensure that we have a completely clean slate after repairing. require.Equal(t, 1, w.segment.Index()) // We corrupted segment 0. require.Equal(t, 0, w.donePages) for i := 0; i < 5; i++ { buf := make([]byte, recordSize) _, err := rand.Read(buf) require.NoError(t, err) err = w.Log(buf) require.NoError(t, err) } err = w.Close() require.NoError(t, err) } // Replay the WAL. Should get 9 records. { sr, err := NewSegmentsReader(dir) require.NoError(t, err) reader := NewReader(sr) i := 0 for ; i < 9 && reader.Next(); i++ { require.Len(t, reader.Record(), recordSize) } require.Equal(t, 9, i, "wrong number of records") require.False(t, reader.Next(), "unexpected record") require.NoError(t, reader.Err()) sr.Close() } } // TestClose ensures that calling Close more than once doesn't panic and doesn't block. func TestClose(t *testing.T) { dir := t.TempDir() w, err := NewSize(nil, nil, dir, pageSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) require.NoError(t, w.Close()) require.Error(t, w.Close()) } func TestSegmentMetric(t *testing.T) { var ( segmentSize = pageSize recordSize = (pageSize / 2) - recordHeaderSize ) dir := t.TempDir() w, err := NewSize(nil, nil, dir, segmentSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) initialSegment := client_testutil.ToFloat64(w.metrics.currentSegment) // Write 3 records, each of which is half the segment size, meaning we should rotate to the next segment. for i := 0; i < 3; i++ { buf := make([]byte, recordSize) _, err := rand.Read(buf) require.NoError(t, err) err = w.Log(buf) require.NoError(t, err) } require.Equal(t, initialSegment+1, client_testutil.ToFloat64(w.metrics.currentSegment), "segment metric did not increment after segment rotation") require.NoError(t, w.Close()) } func TestCompression(t *testing.T) { bootstrap := func(compressed CompressionType) string { const ( segmentSize = pageSize recordSize = (pageSize / 2) - recordHeaderSize records = 100 ) dirPath := t.TempDir() w, err := NewSize(nil, nil, dirPath, segmentSize, compressed) require.NoError(t, err) buf := make([]byte, recordSize) for i := 0; i < records; i++ { require.NoError(t, w.Log(buf)) } require.NoError(t, w.Close()) return dirPath } tmpDirs := make([]string, 0, 3) defer func() { for _, dir := range tmpDirs { require.NoError(t, os.RemoveAll(dir)) } }() dirUnCompressed := bootstrap(CompressionNone) tmpDirs = append(tmpDirs, dirUnCompressed) for _, compressionType := range []CompressionType{CompressionSnappy, CompressionZstd} { dirCompressed := bootstrap(compressionType) tmpDirs = append(tmpDirs, dirCompressed) uncompressedSize, err := fileutil.DirSize(dirUnCompressed) require.NoError(t, err) compressedSize, err := fileutil.DirSize(dirCompressed) require.NoError(t, err) require.Greater(t, float64(uncompressedSize)*0.75, float64(compressedSize), "Compressing zeroes should save at least 25%% space - uncompressedSize: %d, compressedSize: %d", uncompressedSize, compressedSize) } } func TestLogPartialWrite(t *testing.T) { const segmentSize = pageSize * 2 record := []byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5} tests := map[string]struct { numRecords int faultyRecord int }{ "partial write when logging first record in a page": { numRecords: 10, faultyRecord: 1, }, "partial write when logging record in the middle of a page": { numRecords: 10, faultyRecord: 3, }, "partial write when logging last record of a page": { numRecords: (pageSize / (recordHeaderSize + len(record))) + 10, faultyRecord: pageSize / (recordHeaderSize + len(record)), }, // TODO the current implementation suffers this: // "partial write when logging a record overlapping two pages": { // numRecords: (pageSize / (recordHeaderSize + len(record))) + 10, // faultyRecord: pageSize/(recordHeaderSize+len(record)) + 1, // }, } for testName, testData := range tests { t.Run(testName, func(t *testing.T) { dirPath := t.TempDir() w, err := NewSize(nil, nil, dirPath, segmentSize, CompressionNone) require.NoError(t, err) // Replace the underlying segment file with a mocked one that injects a failure. w.segment.SegmentFile = &faultySegmentFile{ SegmentFile: w.segment.SegmentFile, writeFailureAfter: ((recordHeaderSize + len(record)) * (testData.faultyRecord - 1)) + 2, writeFailureErr: io.ErrShortWrite, } for i := 1; i <= testData.numRecords; i++ { if err := w.Log(record); i == testData.faultyRecord { require.ErrorIs(t, io.ErrShortWrite, err) } else { require.NoError(t, err) } } require.NoError(t, w.Close()) // Read it back. We expect no corruption. s, err := OpenReadSegment(SegmentName(dirPath, 0)) require.NoError(t, err) defer func() { require.NoError(t, s.Close()) }() r := NewReader(NewSegmentBufReader(s)) for i := 0; i < testData.numRecords; i++ { require.True(t, r.Next()) require.NoError(t, r.Err()) require.Equal(t, record, r.Record()) } require.False(t, r.Next()) require.NoError(t, r.Err()) }) } } type faultySegmentFile struct { SegmentFile written int writeFailureAfter int writeFailureErr error } func (f *faultySegmentFile) Write(p []byte) (int, error) { if f.writeFailureAfter >= 0 && f.writeFailureAfter < f.written+len(p) { partialLen := f.writeFailureAfter - f.written if partialLen <= 0 || partialLen >= len(p) { partialLen = 1 } // Inject failure. n, _ := f.SegmentFile.Write(p[:partialLen]) f.written += n f.writeFailureAfter = -1 return n, f.writeFailureErr } // Proxy the write to the underlying file. n, err := f.SegmentFile.Write(p) f.written += n return n, err } func BenchmarkWAL_LogBatched(b *testing.B) { for _, compress := range []CompressionType{CompressionNone, CompressionSnappy, CompressionZstd} { b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("compress=%s", compress), func(b *testing.B) { dir := b.TempDir() w, err := New(nil, nil, dir, compress) require.NoError(b, err) defer w.Close() var buf [2048]byte var recs [][]byte b.SetBytes(2048) for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { recs = append(recs, buf[:]) if len(recs) < 1000 { continue } err := w.Log(recs...) require.NoError(b, err) recs = recs[:0] } // Stop timer to not count fsync time on close. // If it's counted batched vs. single benchmarks are very similar but // do not show burst throughput well. b.StopTimer() }) } } func BenchmarkWAL_Log(b *testing.B) { for _, compress := range []CompressionType{CompressionNone, CompressionSnappy, CompressionZstd} { b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("compress=%s", compress), func(b *testing.B) { dir := b.TempDir() w, err := New(nil, nil, dir, compress) require.NoError(b, err) defer w.Close() var buf [2048]byte b.SetBytes(2048) for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ { err := w.Log(buf[:]) require.NoError(b, err) } // Stop timer to not count fsync time on close. // If it's counted batched vs. single benchmarks are very similar but // do not show burst throughput well. b.StopTimer() }) } }