// Copyright 2013 The Prometheus Authors // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. // You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software // distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and // limitations under the License. package web import ( "bytes" "context" "encoding/json" "fmt" "io" stdlog "log" "math" "net" "net/http" "net/http/pprof" "net/url" "os" "path" "path/filepath" "runtime" "runtime/debug" "strconv" "strings" "sync" "time" "github.com/alecthomas/units" "github.com/go-kit/log" "github.com/go-kit/log/level" "github.com/grafana/regexp" "github.com/mwitkow/go-conntrack" "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus" "github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp" io_prometheus_client "github.com/prometheus/client_model/go" "github.com/prometheus/common/model" "github.com/prometheus/common/route" "github.com/prometheus/common/server" toolkit_web "github.com/prometheus/exporter-toolkit/web" "go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp" "go.uber.org/atomic" "golang.org/x/net/netutil" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/config" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/notifier" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/promql" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/rules" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/scrape" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/storage" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/template" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/util/httputil" api_v1 "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/web/api/v1" "github.com/prometheus/prometheus/web/ui" ) // Paths that are handled by the React / Reach router that should all be served the main React app's index.html. var reactRouterPaths = []string{ "/config", "/flags", "/service-discovery", "/status", "/targets", "/starting", } // Paths that are handled by the React router when the Agent mode is set. var reactRouterAgentPaths = []string{ "/agent", } // Paths that are handled by the React router when the Agent mode is not set. var reactRouterServerPaths = []string{ "/alerts", "/graph", "/rules", "/tsdb-status", } // withStackTrace logs the stack trace in case the request panics. The function // will re-raise the error which will then be handled by the net/http package. // It is needed because the go-kit log package doesn't manage properly the // panics from net/http (see https://github.com/go-kit/kit/issues/233). func withStackTracer(h http.Handler, l log.Logger) http.Handler { return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { defer func() { if err := recover(); err != nil { const size = 64 << 10 buf := make([]byte, size) buf = buf[:runtime.Stack(buf, false)] level.Error(l).Log("msg", "panic while serving request", "client", r.RemoteAddr, "url", r.URL, "err", err, "stack", buf) panic(err) } }() h.ServeHTTP(w, r) }) } type metrics struct { requestCounter *prometheus.CounterVec requestDuration *prometheus.HistogramVec responseSize *prometheus.HistogramVec readyStatus prometheus.Gauge } func newMetrics(r prometheus.Registerer) *metrics { m := &metrics{ requestCounter: prometheus.NewCounterVec( prometheus.CounterOpts{ Name: "prometheus_http_requests_total", Help: "Counter of HTTP requests.", }, []string{"handler", "code"}, ), requestDuration: prometheus.NewHistogramVec( prometheus.HistogramOpts{ Name: "prometheus_http_request_duration_seconds", Help: "Histogram of latencies for HTTP requests.", Buckets: []float64{.1, .2, .4, 1, 3, 8, 20, 60, 120}, }, []string{"handler"}, ), responseSize: prometheus.NewHistogramVec( prometheus.HistogramOpts{ Name: "prometheus_http_response_size_bytes", Help: "Histogram of response size for HTTP requests.", Buckets: prometheus.ExponentialBuckets(100, 10, 8), }, []string{"handler"}, ), readyStatus: prometheus.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{ Name: "prometheus_ready", Help: "Whether Prometheus startup was fully completed and the server is ready for normal operation.", }), } if r != nil { r.MustRegister(m.requestCounter, m.requestDuration, m.responseSize, m.readyStatus) registerFederationMetrics(r) } return m } func (m *metrics) instrumentHandlerWithPrefix(prefix string) func(handlerName string, handler http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc { return func(handlerName string, handler http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc { return m.instrumentHandler(prefix+handlerName, handler) } } func (m *metrics) instrumentHandler(handlerName string, handler http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc { m.requestCounter.WithLabelValues(handlerName, "200") return promhttp.InstrumentHandlerCounter( m.requestCounter.MustCurryWith(prometheus.Labels{"handler": handlerName}), promhttp.InstrumentHandlerDuration( m.requestDuration.MustCurryWith(prometheus.Labels{"handler": handlerName}), promhttp.InstrumentHandlerResponseSize( m.responseSize.MustCurryWith(prometheus.Labels{"handler": handlerName}), handler, ), ), ) } // PrometheusVersion contains build information about Prometheus. type PrometheusVersion = api_v1.PrometheusVersion type LocalStorage interface { storage.Storage api_v1.TSDBAdminStats } // Handler serves various HTTP endpoints of the Prometheus server. type Handler struct { logger log.Logger gatherer prometheus.Gatherer metrics *metrics scrapeManager *scrape.Manager ruleManager *rules.Manager queryEngine *promql.Engine lookbackDelta time.Duration context context.Context storage storage.Storage localStorage LocalStorage exemplarStorage storage.ExemplarQueryable notifier *notifier.Manager apiV1 *api_v1.API router *route.Router quitCh chan struct{} quitOnce sync.Once reloadCh chan chan error options *Options config *config.Config versionInfo *PrometheusVersion birth time.Time cwd string flagsMap map[string]string mtx sync.RWMutex now func() model.Time ready atomic.Uint32 // ready is uint32 rather than boolean to be able to use atomic functions. } // ApplyConfig updates the config field of the Handler struct. func (h *Handler) ApplyConfig(conf *config.Config) error { h.mtx.Lock() defer h.mtx.Unlock() h.config = conf return nil } // Options for the web Handler. type Options struct { Context context.Context TSDBRetentionDuration model.Duration TSDBDir string TSDBMaxBytes units.Base2Bytes LocalStorage LocalStorage Storage storage.Storage ExemplarStorage storage.ExemplarQueryable QueryEngine *promql.Engine LookbackDelta time.Duration ScrapeManager *scrape.Manager RuleManager *rules.Manager Notifier *notifier.Manager Version *PrometheusVersion Flags map[string]string ListenAddress string CORSOrigin *regexp.Regexp ReadTimeout time.Duration MaxConnections int ExternalURL *url.URL RoutePrefix string UseLocalAssets bool UserAssetsPath string ConsoleTemplatesPath string ConsoleLibrariesPath string EnableLifecycle bool EnableAdminAPI bool PageTitle string RemoteReadSampleLimit int RemoteReadConcurrencyLimit int RemoteReadBytesInFrame int EnableRemoteWriteReceiver bool EnableOTLPWriteReceiver bool IsAgent bool AppName string Gatherer prometheus.Gatherer Registerer prometheus.Registerer } // New initializes a new web Handler. func New(logger log.Logger, o *Options) *Handler { if logger == nil { logger = log.NewNopLogger() } m := newMetrics(o.Registerer) router := route.New(). WithInstrumentation(m.instrumentHandler). WithInstrumentation(setPathWithPrefix("")) cwd, err := os.Getwd() if err != nil { cwd = "" } h := &Handler{ logger: logger, gatherer: o.Gatherer, metrics: m, router: router, quitCh: make(chan struct{}), reloadCh: make(chan chan error), options: o, versionInfo: o.Version, birth: time.Now().UTC(), cwd: cwd, flagsMap: o.Flags, context: o.Context, scrapeManager: o.ScrapeManager, ruleManager: o.RuleManager, queryEngine: o.QueryEngine, lookbackDelta: o.LookbackDelta, storage: o.Storage, localStorage: o.LocalStorage, exemplarStorage: o.ExemplarStorage, notifier: o.Notifier, now: model.Now, } h.SetReady(false) factorySPr := func(_ context.Context) api_v1.ScrapePoolsRetriever { return h.scrapeManager } factoryTr := func(_ context.Context) api_v1.TargetRetriever { return h.scrapeManager } factoryAr := func(_ context.Context) api_v1.AlertmanagerRetriever { return h.notifier } FactoryRr := func(_ context.Context) api_v1.RulesRetriever { return h.ruleManager } var app storage.Appendable if o.EnableRemoteWriteReceiver || o.EnableOTLPWriteReceiver { app = h.storage } h.apiV1 = api_v1.NewAPI(h.queryEngine, h.storage, app, h.exemplarStorage, factorySPr, factoryTr, factoryAr, func() config.Config { h.mtx.RLock() defer h.mtx.RUnlock() return *h.config }, o.Flags, api_v1.GlobalURLOptions{ ListenAddress: o.ListenAddress, Host: o.ExternalURL.Host, Scheme: o.ExternalURL.Scheme, }, h.testReady, h.options.LocalStorage, h.options.TSDBDir, h.options.EnableAdminAPI, logger, FactoryRr, h.options.RemoteReadSampleLimit, h.options.RemoteReadConcurrencyLimit, h.options.RemoteReadBytesInFrame, h.options.IsAgent, h.options.CORSOrigin, h.runtimeInfo, h.versionInfo, o.Gatherer, o.Registerer, nil, o.EnableRemoteWriteReceiver, o.EnableOTLPWriteReceiver, ) if o.RoutePrefix != "/" { // If the prefix is missing for the root path, prepend it. router.Get("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { http.Redirect(w, r, o.RoutePrefix, http.StatusFound) }) router = router.WithPrefix(o.RoutePrefix) } homePage := "/graph" if o.IsAgent { homePage = "/agent" } readyf := h.testReady router.Get("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { http.Redirect(w, r, path.Join(o.ExternalURL.Path, homePage), http.StatusFound) }) // The console library examples at 'console_libraries/prom.lib' still depend on old asset files being served under `classic`. router.Get("/classic/static/*filepath", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { r.URL.Path = path.Join("/static", route.Param(r.Context(), "filepath")) fs := server.StaticFileServer(ui.Assets) fs.ServeHTTP(w, r) }) router.Get("/version", h.version) router.Get("/metrics", promhttp.Handler().ServeHTTP) router.Get("/federate", readyf(httputil.CompressionHandler{ Handler: http.HandlerFunc(h.federation), }.ServeHTTP)) router.Get("/consoles/*filepath", readyf(h.consoles)) serveReactApp := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { f, err := ui.Assets.Open("/static/react/index.html") if err != nil { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError) fmt.Fprintf(w, "Error opening React index.html: %v", err) return } defer func() { _ = f.Close() }() idx, err := io.ReadAll(f) if err != nil { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError) fmt.Fprintf(w, "Error reading React index.html: %v", err) return } replacedIdx := bytes.ReplaceAll(idx, []byte("CONSOLES_LINK_PLACEHOLDER"), []byte(h.consolesPath())) replacedIdx = bytes.ReplaceAll(replacedIdx, []byte("TITLE_PLACEHOLDER"), []byte(h.options.PageTitle)) replacedIdx = bytes.ReplaceAll(replacedIdx, []byte("AGENT_MODE_PLACEHOLDER"), []byte(strconv.FormatBool(h.options.IsAgent))) replacedIdx = bytes.ReplaceAll(replacedIdx, []byte("READY_PLACEHOLDER"), []byte(strconv.FormatBool(h.isReady()))) w.Write(replacedIdx) } // Serve the React app. for _, p := range reactRouterPaths { router.Get(p, serveReactApp) } if h.options.IsAgent { for _, p := range reactRouterAgentPaths { router.Get(p, serveReactApp) } } else { for _, p := range reactRouterServerPaths { router.Get(p, serveReactApp) } } // The favicon and manifest are bundled as part of the React app, but we want to serve // them on the root. for _, p := range []string{"/favicon.ico", "/manifest.json"} { assetPath := "/static/react" + p router.Get(p, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { r.URL.Path = assetPath fs := server.StaticFileServer(ui.Assets) fs.ServeHTTP(w, r) }) } // Static files required by the React app. router.Get("/static/*filepath", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { r.URL.Path = path.Join("/static/react/static", route.Param(r.Context(), "filepath")) fs := server.StaticFileServer(ui.Assets) fs.ServeHTTP(w, r) }) if o.UserAssetsPath != "" { router.Get("/user/*filepath", route.FileServe(o.UserAssetsPath)) } if o.EnableLifecycle { router.Post("/-/quit", h.quit) router.Put("/-/quit", h.quit) router.Post("/-/reload", h.reload) router.Put("/-/reload", h.reload) } else { forbiddenAPINotEnabled := func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusForbidden) w.Write([]byte("Lifecycle API is not enabled.")) } router.Post("/-/quit", forbiddenAPINotEnabled) router.Put("/-/quit", forbiddenAPINotEnabled) router.Post("/-/reload", forbiddenAPINotEnabled) router.Put("/-/reload", forbiddenAPINotEnabled) } router.Get("/-/quit", func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed) w.Write([]byte("Only POST or PUT requests allowed")) }) router.Get("/-/reload", func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed) w.Write([]byte("Only POST or PUT requests allowed")) }) router.Get("/debug/*subpath", serveDebug) router.Post("/debug/*subpath", serveDebug) router.Get("/-/healthy", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) fmt.Fprintf(w, o.AppName+" is Healthy.\n") }) router.Head("/-/healthy", func(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) }) router.Get("/-/ready", readyf(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) fmt.Fprintf(w, o.AppName+" is Ready.\n") })) router.Head("/-/ready", readyf(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) })) return h } func serveDebug(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) { ctx := req.Context() subpath := route.Param(ctx, "subpath") if subpath == "/pprof" { http.Redirect(w, req, req.URL.Path+"/", http.StatusMovedPermanently) return } if !strings.HasPrefix(subpath, "/pprof/") { http.NotFound(w, req) return } subpath = strings.TrimPrefix(subpath, "/pprof/") switch subpath { case "cmdline": pprof.Cmdline(w, req) case "profile": pprof.Profile(w, req) case "symbol": pprof.Symbol(w, req) case "trace": pprof.Trace(w, req) default: req.URL.Path = "/debug/pprof/" + subpath pprof.Index(w, req) } } // SetReady sets the ready status of our web Handler. func (h *Handler) SetReady(v bool) { if v { h.ready.Store(1) h.metrics.readyStatus.Set(1) return } h.ready.Store(0) h.metrics.readyStatus.Set(0) } // Verifies whether the server is ready or not. func (h *Handler) isReady() bool { return h.ready.Load() > 0 } // Checks if server is ready, calls f if it is, returns 503 if it is not. func (h *Handler) testReady(f http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc { return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { if h.isReady() { f(w, r) } else { w.WriteHeader(http.StatusServiceUnavailable) fmt.Fprintf(w, "Service Unavailable") } } } // Quit returns the receive-only quit channel. func (h *Handler) Quit() <-chan struct{} { return h.quitCh } // Reload returns the receive-only channel that signals configuration reload requests. func (h *Handler) Reload() <-chan chan error { return h.reloadCh } // Listener creates the TCP listener for web requests. func (h *Handler) Listener() (net.Listener, error) { level.Info(h.logger).Log("msg", "Start listening for connections", "address", h.options.ListenAddress) listener, err := net.Listen("tcp", h.options.ListenAddress) if err != nil { return listener, err } listener = netutil.LimitListener(listener, h.options.MaxConnections) // Monitor incoming connections with conntrack. listener = conntrack.NewListener(listener, conntrack.TrackWithName("http"), conntrack.TrackWithTracing()) return listener, nil } // Run serves the HTTP endpoints. func (h *Handler) Run(ctx context.Context, listener net.Listener, webConfig string) error { if listener == nil { var err error listener, err = h.Listener() if err != nil { return err } } mux := http.NewServeMux() mux.Handle("/", h.router) apiPath := "/api" if h.options.RoutePrefix != "/" { apiPath = h.options.RoutePrefix + apiPath level.Info(h.logger).Log("msg", "Router prefix", "prefix", h.options.RoutePrefix) } av1 := route.New(). WithInstrumentation(h.metrics.instrumentHandlerWithPrefix("/api/v1")). WithInstrumentation(setPathWithPrefix(apiPath + "/v1")) h.apiV1.Register(av1) mux.Handle(apiPath+"/v1/", http.StripPrefix(apiPath+"/v1", av1)) errlog := stdlog.New(log.NewStdlibAdapter(level.Error(h.logger)), "", 0) spanNameFormatter := otelhttp.WithSpanNameFormatter(func(_ string, r *http.Request) string { return fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", r.Method, r.URL.Path) }) httpSrv := &http.Server{ Handler: withStackTracer(otelhttp.NewHandler(mux, "", spanNameFormatter), h.logger), ErrorLog: errlog, ReadTimeout: h.options.ReadTimeout, } errCh := make(chan error, 1) go func() { errCh <- toolkit_web.Serve(listener, httpSrv, &toolkit_web.FlagConfig{WebConfigFile: &webConfig}, h.logger) }() select { case e := <-errCh: return e case <-ctx.Done(): httpSrv.Shutdown(ctx) return nil } } func (h *Handler) consoles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { ctx := r.Context() name := route.Param(ctx, "filepath") file, err := http.Dir(h.options.ConsoleTemplatesPath).Open(name) if err != nil { http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusNotFound) return } defer file.Close() text, err := io.ReadAll(file) if err != nil { http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError) return } ctx = httputil.ContextFromRequest(ctx, r) // Provide URL parameters as a map for easy use. Advanced users may have need for // parameters beyond the first, so provide RawParams. rawParams, err := url.ParseQuery(r.URL.RawQuery) if err != nil { http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest) return } params := map[string]string{} for k, v := range rawParams { params[k] = v[0] } h.mtx.RLock() els := h.config.GlobalConfig.ExternalLabels h.mtx.RUnlock() externalLabels := els.Map() // Inject some convenience variables that are easier to remember for users // who are not used to Go's templating system. defs := []string{ "{{$rawParams := .RawParams }}", "{{$params := .Params}}", "{{$path := .Path}}", "{{$externalLabels := .ExternalLabels}}", } data := struct { RawParams url.Values Params map[string]string Path string ExternalLabels map[string]string }{ RawParams: rawParams, Params: params, Path: strings.TrimLeft(name, "/"), ExternalLabels: externalLabels, } tmpl := template.NewTemplateExpander( ctx, strings.Join(append(defs, string(text)), ""), "__console_"+name, data, h.now(), template.QueryFunc(rules.EngineQueryFunc(h.queryEngine, h.storage)), h.options.ExternalURL, nil, ) filenames, err := filepath.Glob(h.options.ConsoleLibrariesPath + "/*.lib") if err != nil { http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError) return } result, err := tmpl.ExpandHTML(filenames) if err != nil { http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError) return } io.WriteString(w, result) } func (h *Handler) runtimeInfo() (api_v1.RuntimeInfo, error) { status := api_v1.RuntimeInfo{ StartTime: h.birth, CWD: h.cwd, GoroutineCount: runtime.NumGoroutine(), GOMAXPROCS: runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0), GOMEMLIMIT: debug.SetMemoryLimit(-1), GOGC: os.Getenv("GOGC"), GODEBUG: os.Getenv("GODEBUG"), } if h.options.TSDBRetentionDuration != 0 { status.StorageRetention = h.options.TSDBRetentionDuration.String() } if h.options.TSDBMaxBytes != 0 { if status.StorageRetention != "" { status.StorageRetention += " or " } status.StorageRetention += h.options.TSDBMaxBytes.String() } metrics, err := h.gatherer.Gather() if err != nil { return status, fmt.Errorf("error gathering runtime status: %w", err) } for _, mF := range metrics { switch *mF.Name { case "prometheus_tsdb_wal_corruptions_total": status.CorruptionCount = int64(toFloat64(mF)) case "prometheus_config_last_reload_successful": status.ReloadConfigSuccess = toFloat64(mF) != 0 case "prometheus_config_last_reload_success_timestamp_seconds": status.LastConfigTime = time.Unix(int64(toFloat64(mF)), 0).UTC() } } return status, nil } func toFloat64(f *io_prometheus_client.MetricFamily) float64 { m := f.Metric[0] if m.Gauge != nil { return m.Gauge.GetValue() } if m.Counter != nil { return m.Counter.GetValue() } if m.Untyped != nil { return m.Untyped.GetValue() } return math.NaN() } func (h *Handler) version(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { dec := json.NewEncoder(w) if err := dec.Encode(h.versionInfo); err != nil { http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("error encoding JSON: %s", err), http.StatusInternalServerError) } } func (h *Handler) quit(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { var closed bool h.quitOnce.Do(func() { closed = true close(h.quitCh) fmt.Fprintf(w, "Requesting termination... Goodbye!") }) if !closed { fmt.Fprintf(w, "Termination already in progress.") } } func (h *Handler) reload(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) { rc := make(chan error) h.reloadCh <- rc if err := <-rc; err != nil { http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("failed to reload config: %s", err), http.StatusInternalServerError) } } func (h *Handler) consolesPath() string { if _, err := os.Stat(h.options.ConsoleTemplatesPath + "/index.html"); !os.IsNotExist(err) { return h.options.ExternalURL.Path + "/consoles/index.html" } if h.options.UserAssetsPath != "" { if _, err := os.Stat(h.options.UserAssetsPath + "/index.html"); !os.IsNotExist(err) { return h.options.ExternalURL.Path + "/user/index.html" } } return "" } func setPathWithPrefix(prefix string) func(handlerName string, handler http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc { return func(handlerName string, handler http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc { return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { handler(w, r.WithContext(httputil.ContextWithPath(r.Context(), prefix+r.URL.Path))) } } }