Meshtastic® is a project that lets you use inexpensive LoRa radios as a long range off-grid communicator for areas without reliable cellular service. These radios are great for hiking, skiing, paragliding - essentially any hobby where you don't have reliable internet access. Each member of the mesh can send and view text messages and enable optional GPS based location features.
The radios automatically create a mesh to forward packets as needed, so everyone in the group can receive messages from even the furthest member. The radios will optionally work with your phone, but no phone is required.
Meshtastic uses LoRa for the long range communcations and depending on settings used the maximum theoritical group size ranges from 30-200 device nodes. Currently each device can only support a connection from a single user at a time.
The easiest way is to [buy a device with the software already installed](https://www.aliexpress.com/item/4001178678568.html). Other devices are [available](/docs/hardware/tbeam-hardware). In the Americas get the 915mhz version, in Europe the 868Mhz, or Asia 923Mhz. See this listing by [The Things Network](https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/frequencies-by-country.html) for frequencies by specific countries.
When it arrives, install your antenna and make sure you install the battery correctly. Reversing the battery can damage your device. Make sure the antenna is on when you power up the board.
:::caution
Make sure not to power the radio on without first attaching the antenna! You could damage the radio chip!
Firmware can be downloaded from the [Firmware](/firmware) page. Your initial installation has to happen over USB from your Mac, Windows or Linux PC. Once our software is installed, all future software updates happen over bluetooth from your phone.
If your device already has Meshtastic flashed to it, You can update it over the air (OTA). Otherwise you'll need a computer and a **data** USB cable. This can be done in the following ways:
The firmware installation method will also depend on whether you have an ESP32 based device or a nRF52 based device. See our [hardware section](/docs/hardware) to determine which microcontroller your device is based on.
If you have at least two radios with the Meshtastic firmware, you may consider connecting one via USB and the other simply powered. Communicate with the USB radio using a CLI like [Meshtastic-python](https://meshtastic.org/docs/software/python/python-installation).
- Ensure you can run "meshtastic --info".
- Ensure the region is set appropriately. If the radios are 915 MHz and you are in the US, then no region changes/settings are necessary. If you are in another region, you may need to run something like: "meshtastic --set region EU865".
- Send a message "meshtastic --sendtext hello1"
- The radio connected via USB should show the message almost instantly.
- Other radios may take a few seconds before they show the message. You may need to press one of the buttons on the other radio to see if the message arrived.
- Run "meshtastic --nodes" to see if other nodes show in the display.
- Messages sent from the USB radio should be sent to the other radio(s) via LoRa. The default settings should have this work by default
## A good second test (connect via Bluetooth)
The Android app is currently more robust than the iOS app. But, they both should be able to interact with the radios.
- Install Android or iOS Meshtastic app
- Start Meshtastic app
- Connect to radio(s) from inside the app
- Pair with radio(s). A paring code should show on the radio. Enter that value when prompted to pair a bluetooth device.
- Note: May want to set the bluetooth timeout (ex: "meshtastic --set wait_bluetooth_secs 28800")
- Send message(s) from inside the app.
- Verify that all radios are receiving the messages. Might have to click on the button on the radio to see most recent message.
- Configure the _wifi_ssid_ and _wifi_password_. "meshtastic --set wifi_ssid 'xxx' --set wifi_password 'yyy'" (where xxx and yyy are the appropriate values for your neetwork)
For any issues during setup, search [our forum](https://meshtastic.discourse.group) to find a solution. If you can't find one, please post your problem, providing as much detail as possible.
