prometheus/tsdb/docs/format/chunks.md
beorn7 7a8bb8222c Style cleanup of all the changes in sparsehistogram so far
A lot of this code was hacked together, literally during a
hackathon. This commit intends not to change the code substantially,
but just make the code obey the usual style practices.

A (possibly incomplete) list of areas:

* Generally address linter warnings.

* The `pgk` directory is deprecated as per dev-summit. No new packages should
  be added to it. I moved the new `pkg/histogram` package to `model`
  anticipating what's proposed in #9478.

* Make the naming of the Sparse Histogram more consistent. Including
  abbreviations, there were just too many names for it: SparseHistogram,
  Histogram, Histo, hist, his, shs, h. The idea is to call it "Histogram" in
  general. Only add "Sparse" if it is needed to avoid confusion with
  conventional Histograms (which is rare because the TSDB really has no notion
  of conventional Histograms). Use abbreviations only in local scope, and then
  really abbreviate (not just removing three out of seven letters like in
  "Histo"). This is in the spirit of
  https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/CodeReviewComments#variable-names

* Several other minor name changes.

* A lot of formatting of doc comments. For one, following
  https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/CodeReviewComments#comment-sentences
  , but also layout question, anticipating how things will look like
  when rendered by `godoc` (even where `godoc` doesn't render them
  right now because they are for unexported types or not a doc comment
  at all but just a normal code comment - consistency is queen!).

* Re-enabled `TestQueryLog` and `TestEndopints` (they pass now,
  leaving them disabled was presumably an oversight).

* Bucket iterator for histogram.Histogram is now created with a
  method.

* HistogramChunk.iterator now allows iterator recycling. (I think
  @dieterbe only commented it out because he was confused by the
  question in the comment.)

* HistogramAppender.Append panics now because we decided to treat
  staleness marker differently.

Signed-off-by: beorn7 <beorn@grafana.com>
2021-10-11 13:02:03 +02:00

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Markdown

# Chunks Disk Format
The following describes the format of a chunks file,
which is created in the `chunks/` directory of a block.
The maximum size per segment file is 512MiB.
Chunks in the files are referenced from the index by uint64 composed of
in-file offset (lower 4 bytes) and segment sequence number (upper 4 bytes).
```
┌──────────────────────────────┐
│ magic(0x85BD40DD) <4 byte> │
├──────────────────────────────┤
│ version(1) <1 byte> │
├──────────────────────────────┤
│ padding(0) <3 byte> │
├──────────────────────────────┤
│ ┌──────────────────────────┐ │
│ │ Chunk 1 │ │
│ ├──────────────────────────┤ │
│ │ ... │ │
│ ├──────────────────────────┤ │
│ │ Chunk N │ │
│ └──────────────────────────┘ │
└──────────────────────────────┘
```
# Chunk
```
┌───────────────┬───────────────────┬──────────────┬────────────────┐
│ len <uvarint> │ encoding <1 byte> │ data <bytes> │ CRC32 <4 byte> │
└───────────────┴───────────────────┴──────────────┴────────────────┘
```
## XOR chunk
TODO(beorn7): Add.
## Histogram chunk
TODO(beorn7): This is out of date. Update once settled on the (more or less) final format.
```
┌──────────────┬─────────────────┬──────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────┬──────────────┐
│ len <uint16> │ schema <varint> │ pos-spans <span-section> │ neg-spans <span-section> │ data <bytes> │
└──────────────┴─────────────────┴──────────────────────────┴──────────────────────────┴──────────────┘
span-section:
┌──────────────┬──────────────────┬──────────────────┬────────────┐
│ len <varint> │ length1 <varint> │ offset1 <varint> │ length2... │
└──────────────┴──────────────────┴──────────────────┴────────────┘
```